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1、Book3 Unit 1 词汇讲解1.harm n.&vt.伤害，损害Tharmful adj.伤害的Tharmless adj.无害的(l)n.伤害，损害。常见搭配do sb./sth.harm 对某人/某物有害do harm to.对 有害There is no harm in doing Sth=It is no harm to do sth 做某事是个好主息/没有坏处Excessive drinking will do you a lot of harm.The typhoon did great harm to the rice crop.伤害；损害。常见搭配：harm ones r
2、eputation/imageWhat he did did harm to his image.归纳拓展：饮酒过度非常不利于健康。那次台风对稻谷的收成造成很大的损害。损害某人的声誉/形象他的所作所为的确损害了他的形象。(1).harmful adj.有害的be harmful to对 有害(反义短语：be good for对.有好处)Your smoking can be harmful to the health of your children.你吸烟对你的孩子们的健康有害。(2).harmless adj.无害的be harmless to 对.无害(3).harmlessly ade
3、.无害地；无恶意地巩固练习：L 单句语法填空(1).Staring at the screen of the computer for a long time will do harm your eyes.(2).Scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are(harm)to oceananimals.(3).The treatment did him mor e than good,though the doctor insisted it was.(harm)2.一句多译：在强光下读书会对你的眼睛造成伤害。(1).R
4、 eading in the strong light wi l l your eyes.(2).R eading in the strong light will your eyes.Key:1.(1).to(2).harmful(3).harm;harmless2.(1).do harm to/be harmful to(2).do;harm2.ecosystem n.生态系统eco-生态的；环境的ecology n.生态；生态学eco-friendly对环境无害的；环保的ecologist 生态学家ecotourism 生态旅游业maintain the balance of the E
5、arths ecosystem 维持地球生态系统的平衡3.overseas ad j.海外的，国 外 的 a d v.在海外，向国外overseas students/markets 海外留学生/市场live overseas/go overseas 在国外生活/出国H e has returned to South Africa from his long overseastrip.他结束了漫长的海外旅行回到南非。If youre staying for more than three months or working overseas,a full 10-year passport is
6、required.在国外工作或居留3 个月以上，需要持10年期的护照。Much of the investment was overseas.大部分均为海外投资 4.region地区，区域；行政区regionalone overseasad j.地区的;区域的；地方的region of France 法国的一个海外区域in the region of（表示不确切的数字等）大约,H e earns somewhere in the region of 50 000.We divide into pairs and each pair takes a region5.continent n.大陆，
7、陆地，洲差不多同义词：approximately他大约赚5 万欧元。我们分成两人一组，每一组负责一个区域。continental adj.大陆的,洲的the South American continentcontinental drift6.million 一百万;南美大陆大陆漂移许多,搭配：millions of6 m川 ionone in a million大量数百万六百万万里挑一的人/物；不同寻常的人/物It is reported that several million people are starving in the world because of the shortage
8、 of food.据报道，世界上有几百万人因为食物短缺而正在挨饿。Millions of people in the world are sending information by e-mail every day.每天，世界上有数百万人通过电子邮件发送信息。学法点拨：.当hundred,thousand,million,billion以及dozen,score等以复数形式存在时,表示泛指的数量，其后要加。3但前面不能用表示具体数量的词修饰。（2）.当 hundred,thousand,million,billion以及dozen,score等以单数形式存在时，其前常用表示具体数量的词或Se
9、V eraL some,many,a few等修饰。巩固练习：,The local government brought in（五百万）dollars last year to develop theeconomy.The Great Wall is such a well-known tourist attraction that（数百万人）pour inevery year.（3）.The（三百）workers on strike were surprised to see that（数千）people were on the b street to support them.I boug
10、ht（好几十个）eggs today.Key:.five million .millions of people（3）.three hundred,thousands of（4）.a few dozen7.length n.长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，（电影）片长搭配 at lengthin lengthgo to great lengths（to do sth.）for a length of time详尽地；=in detail;充分地；最后；终于在长度上尽一切可能/不遗余力（做某事）相当长的一段时间two meters in length/width/height/depth=two m
11、eters long/wide/high/deep 两米长/宽/高/深Each class is 45 minutes in length.每一节课为 45 分钟。We have already discussed this matter at length.我们已经详细地讨论 了这个问题。They go to great lengths to shelter the homeless.他们竭尽全力为无家可归者提供住所。long adj.长的lengthen v.(使)变长联想：long-*length-*lengthenstrongstrength-*strengthenhigh heigh
12、t-*heightenwide-width-*widendeep-depth-*deepen巩固练习：1.单句语法填空：.The fish can grow to length of four feet.The(long)of your talk must be at least 10 minutes.Can you help me(l e n g t h)this skirt?2.完成句子：The broad river is 300 mi l es(在长度上).H e told us how he had worked out the budget(最后).We will(尽一切可能)to
13、 help you out of trouble.Key:.a .length(3).lengthen(4).in length.at length.go to great lengths8.biodiversity n.生物多样性biology n.生 物 学 f bio-生物的;人生的biotechnology n.生物科技biochemistry n.生物化学diversify使多样化vt.-*d ive rse 多种多样的adj.-diversity n.多样化；差异性9.species n.(pl.species)种；物种the diversity of species 物种的多样性
14、a species of flowers 一种花many species of flowers many species of flowers10.Varietyn.不同种类；变化，多样化；变种，变体。常见搭配：a variety of 各种各样的varieties of 各种各样的This tool can be used in a variety of ways.这个工具有多种用途。A variety of hooks are used,each for a different kind of fish.各种各样的鱼钩被使用，每种对应不同种类的鱼。特别提醒：(1).a variety of
15、 中的 V ariety 可用 great,large,huge,wide 等词修饰。a variety of=varieties ofzJ可跟可数名词复数或不可数名词。(2).a variety of+复数名词做主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式；the variety of+复数名词做主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。.avarietyofvarietiesof后可接可数名词复数或不可数名词。后接可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词多用复数形式，偶尔也可用单数形式；the variety o f后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。归纳拓展：(1).vary vi.变化；改变V arywith随着.而
16、变化vary in 在.方面变化/不同V aryfrom.to.从.到.变化vary between-*and.在.和.之间变化(2).various adj.各种各样的;各种不同的(3).variously adv.各种各样地单句语法填空(1).R ooms vary size and some are equipped with televisions and telephones.(2).The radio station had an open line on which listeners could call up to d i s c u s s(v a r y)issues.(3).The island offers such a wi d e(v a r y)of scenery and wildlife.(4).Every solid object will reflect a s o u n d,(v a r y)according to the size and nature ofthe object.Key:(1).in(2).various(3).varie
