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1、小学英语语法-冠词冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,只能用在名词之前。冠词有定冠词the和不定冠词a和an。定冠词the可以用在单数可数名词，复数名词和不可数名词之前，不定冠词a和an只能用在单数可数名词之前。一不定冠词a/an的用法（一）a和an的用法区别a用在以辅音音素开头的单词、字母、数字等前面。a book /buk/一本书； a pen /pen/一支钢笔； a “c”/si:/一个字母“c”；a “nine”/ nan/一个数字“9”an用在以元音音素开头的单词、字母、数字等前面。an English /gl / book一本英语书；an apple /pl /一个苹果；a
2、n “f”/ef/一个字母“f”（字母f的首音素为/e/）；an “eight”/ et /一个数字“8”(数字eight的首音素为/e/) 注意：判断一个词是以元音音素开头还是以辅音音素开头，是根据读音而不是根据字母。注意以下几种特殊情况：an hour/a(r) /一个小时（hour中的 h不发音）；a one-year /wn /-old boy 一个一岁的男孩(数字one的首音素为/w/)。（二）不定冠词a/an的主要用法1.用在单数可数名词前，表示泛指一个。I am a student. 我是一个学生。My father is a teacher. 我爸爸是一个老师。This is
3、an egg. 这是一个鸡蛋。I have an eraser. 我有一块橡皮。2. 表示一个（相当于one）An apple a day keeps the doctors away一天一个苹果，医生远离我。3.用在固定搭配中a few一些； a little一点，一些；a lot of许多；have a cold感冒；have a good time玩得愉快；have a break/rest 休息一下；have a swim/walk/talk/dance/look游泳/步行/谈话/跳舞/看一看二定冠词the的主要用法1. the +单数可数名词/复数名词/不可数名词（表示特指这个，这些
4、）The books on the desk are very interesting. 桌子上的这些书很有趣。The water in the river is good. 这条河里的水很好。2.the + 独一无二的事物the sun太阳；the earth地球；the moon月亮； the sea大海；the world世界3.the + 发明物the telephone /computer.电话/电脑4.the +方位名词on the left/right在左/右边；in the east/west/north/south of China在中国的东/西/北/南部5.the +西洋乐
5、器名词 play the violin/ piano 拉小提琴/弹钢琴。6.the +序数词/形容词最高级(注意：副词最高级前即可以加the，也可以不加the)the first lesson第一课 Tom is the tallest student in our class and runs (the) fastest.汤姆是我们班里最高的学生并且跑得最快。7.用在固定搭配中do the shopping/washing 买东西/洗衣服 ；go to the hotel去住旅馆； go to the cinema去看电影三 不用冠词的几种情况1.复数名词和不可数名词，表示泛指，不加冠词。I
6、 like reading books. 我喜欢读书。Water is necessary to us. 水对于我们是必不可少的。2. 名词前已有所有格或作定语的物主代词（my, your, his, her等），指示代词（this/ these, that/those），不定代词（some, any等）限制时，不加冠词。This is Toms book.这是汤姆的书。These flowers are beautiful.这些花很漂亮。 3.在季节、月份、星期、节假日、学科、三餐、球类和棋类名词前，不加冠词。Spring comes after winter.冬天过去了就是春天。Today
7、 is Thursday, September 10th, Teachers Day.今天是九月十号，星期四，是教师节。He likes playing basketball/chess.他喜欢打篮球/下棋。4表交通工具或通信手段的名词与by连用时，不加冠词。（注意：不与by连用时，要加冠词）by bike/ car/bus/train 骑自行车/乘汽车/乘火车by plane乘飞机by boat/ship乘船by radio/ telephone通过无线电/打电话（on a bike骑自行车 in a car乘汽车）5.用在固定搭配中go home回家； go to work去上班；go t
8、o bed/ school去睡觉/上学；at noon/night在中午/夜晚；at home在家；at work在工作练一练一用适当的冠词填空1. Mr. Li is _ old worker.2. Look at _ picture! Theres _ house in it.3. There is _ interesting picture on _ wall.4. Tom is _ kind boy. All _ students love him.5. Meimei is _ best student in her class.6. _ earth is one of _ suns
9、planets.7. Mary is _ cleverer of the two girls.8. -How long did you stay there ?-About half _ hour.9._ Great Wall is _ longest wall in the world. 10. Shanghai is in _ east of China.11. Beijing is _ beautiful city.12. There is _ old book on the desk. _ old book is Marys.13.His sister likes playing _
10、piano.14. She has _ orange skirt. _ skirt is nice.15. At that time Tom was _ one-year-old baby.二单句改错1.What a interesting story it is!2. Kate sometimes plays violin before supper.3.I sometimes play the table tennis after school.4. We cant see sun at night.5. There is a “s” in the word “bus”.6. The Hu
11、anghe River is in north of China. 7.A book on the desk is mine.8.I have new pen and I like it very much .9.I go to school by a bike.10. My father is an teacher.答案：一1. an 2. the; a 3.an; the 4. a ; the 5.the 6.The;the 7.the 8.an 9. The; the 10.the 11.a 12.an; the 13.the 14.an; the 15.a二1.aan 2. violin之前加 the 3.去掉the 4. sun 之前加 the 5.aan 6. north 之前加 the 7.AThe 8. new 之前加a9. 去掉a 10.an-a3
