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1、英语的简单句有五种基本句型：主谓；主谓宾；主系表；主谓间宾直宾；主谓直宾宾补。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。FriendBettyisone of my best friends.She is slim and has short hair. Betty is generous.She is willing to share things with her friends. Sheisalsohelpfulandreadytohelppeopleanytime.Shehelpsmewithmyhomeworkandshealwaysgivesherseatonthebust
2、osomeoneinneed.Bettyhasagoodvoice.Shewantstobea singer whenshegrowsup.My best friend is Max. He is the tallest boy in our class-almost 1.75 metres.Hewearssmall,roundglasses.Theymakehimlooksmart.Maxhasagoodsenseofhumour.Hetellsfunnyjokesandalwaysmakesmelaugh.Ineverfeelboredwithhim.Maxslegsareverylong
3、.Theydonotfitwellunderhisdesk.Whenhewalkspastourdesks,heoftenknocksourbooksandpensontothefloor.Maxissointeresting!Mayismybestfriend.SheisshorterthanIam.Shehasbig,brighteyesandlong,straighthair.Everyonethinkssheispretty.Mayissweet.Shesmilesoftenandneversaysabadwordaboutanyone.Mayisatruefriend.Whensom
4、ethingworriesme,Icanalwaysgotoher.Icantellheranythingbecauseshecankeepasecret.1. Betty is one of my best friends. 贝蒂是我最好的朋友之一。 one of +复数，之一，one of +形物/the + adj.最高级+名词复数，意为“最之一”one of the biggest countries最大的国家之一 one of his best paintings他最好的作品之一翻译：李雷是我们班最高的男生之一。 马铃薯是我最喜欢的蔬菜之一。2. She is willing to
5、share things with her friends.她愿意和她的朋友们分享东西。 be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事=be ready to do sth share sth. with sb.和某人分享某物翻译：杰克乐意帮我打扫房子。她总是和我们分享她的故事书。3. She always gives her seat on the bus to someone in need. 她总是在公共汽车上把座位让给有需要的人。give ones seat to sb.给某人让座 someone in need 有需要的人(be) in (great) need of st
6、h. (急)需要某物翻译：鲍勃经常帮助那些有需要的人。这个贫困家庭急需要钱。 4. She wants to be a singer when she grows up.她长大后想成为一名歌手。 when引导的时间状语从句（if引导的条件状语从句）通常用一般现在时表示一般将来时，主句常用一般将来时，即“主将从现”。翻译：如果明天不下雨，他将去钓鱼。爸爸没告诉我他什么时候来。当他来时，我会给你打电话。1. 形容词 (1) 形容词的比较级一般：1） 大多数形容词后加-er/-estclever-cleverer-cleverest2） 以不发音字母e结尾的形容词加-r/-stfine-finer-
7、finest3） 以辅音字母加y结尾，先把y改成i，然后再加-er/-est healthy-healthier-healthiest(happy,sunny,easy,heavy,busy,early,lucky.)4） 以重读闭音节结尾的形容词，先双写最后一个辅音字母，然后再加-er/-estbig-bigger-biggest(fat,sad,wet,red,thin,slim,hot.)5） 部分双音节单词和多音节单词，在原级前加more/mostlovely-more lovely-most lovely(slowly,tired,interesting,famous,beautif
8、ul,important.)不一般：原级比较级最高级good / wellbetterbestbad / illworseworstmany / muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther, furtherfarther, furtheroldolder, elderoldest, eldest（2） 比较级前的修饰语still, even, any, quite(a bit), almost, nearly, just, rather；a little, a bit；much, a lot, far, many（3）形容词的比较等级常见句型 A=B A+ V
9、+ as + adj./adv. + as + B （与。一样）He is as tall as I/me. 他和我一样高。He is as good a teacher as his father.他和他的父亲一样是个好教师。A B A + V + not + as/so + adj./adv. + as + B （与。不一样）They didnt do as much work as you did. 他们干得事没有你多。Ive never seen as old a car as this.我从来没有见过像这样旧的车。A B 或A B A + V + 比较级 + than + B （比。
10、）Tom is two years older than his brother. 汤姆比他的弟弟大两岁。Our classroom is bigger than theirs. 我们的教室比他们的大。表示倍数A + V + twice/four times/ + as + adj./adv. + as + B（A是B的两倍/四倍/）This room is twice as large as that one. 整个房间是那房间的两倍大。The earth is 49 times as big as the moon.地球是月球的49倍大。表示程度的递增主语 + V + 比较级+ and+比
11、较级 (越来越) 主语 + V + more and more+ +adj./adv. (越来越) The days are getting shorter and shorter.白天变得越来越长了。Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的国家变得越来越美了。表示两种情况同时变化The+ 比较级+ 主语+ V + ，the+ 比较级+ 主语+ V + (越越) The more we get together, the happier well be.=If we get together more, well be happie
12、r.我们聚得越多，我们就会越高兴。The harder you study, the better youll be at English.= If you study harder, youll be better at English.你学习越努力，你的英语成绩越好。 主语+ be +one of the+ 最高级 + n.(pl.) + in/of (是最之一) Beijing is one of the oldest cities in China.北京是中国最古老的城市之一。 主语+ V。+ the+ 最高级 + in/of (最) Ann studies hardest of al
13、l the girls in our class.安妮是我们班学习最用功的学生之一。 主语+ V。+ the+ 比较级 + of the two (较的) Lily is the taller of the twins.莉莉是这两个双胞胎中较高的那个。主语+ V。+ 比较级 + than + any other +n. (单数) + in (比任何其他的更)主语+ V。+ 比较级 + than + any of the other +n. (复数) + in(比任何其他的更)He is taller than any other student in his class.他比他班级中其他的任何
14、学生高。= He is taller than any of the other students in his class.= He is the tallest students in his class. 11A+ V + more/ fewer + 可数名词复数+ than B (A比B 做更多、更少。) A+ V + more/ less + 不可数名词复数+ than B (A比B 做更多、更少。) Jhon studies more subjects than Nancy.Jhon比Nancy学更多科目。Students in the USA have more weeks off in the summertime than British students.在夏天美国学生比英国学生有更多周不上课。12. A+ V + the same （size/ colour/ age.）a
