《英语专业英语语言文学本科毕业论文》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语专业英语语言文学本科毕业论文（16页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、南华大学外国语学院毕业论文1 Introduction Language is one of the decisive factors that enable man different from other animals to live on earth. Without language we can not learn, and solve problems. Any simple tasks require language. Without language it is difficult to refer to anything away from us in space and
2、 time. Language allows human beings to adapt to changing circumstances far more quickly than would be achieved by evolution. Human language is infinitely versatile. Honeybees have a remarkable way of letting others know the direction in which a source of nectar lies and how far away it is by means o
3、f a dance, but they could not begin to discuss the merits of other food stuffs or alternative ways of constructing their homes. In short, the nature and the dominance of the way of life that the human race possesses are due in very large part to the fact that human beings can speak. Since we have se
4、en the significance of language, then, how might we define it? An earlier American linguist, Edward Sapir, gives a definition.He supports the hypothesis that language relates to communication between human beings. To him language does not include such instinctive forms of communication as smiling an
5、d cries of pain. His definition that Language is a purely human and non-instinctive method of communicating ideas, emotions, and desires by means of a system of voluntarily produced symbols. For comparison we may look at a definition given by a modern British linguist,David Crystal, who wrote the fo
6、llowing:The discussion may be summarized by referring to language as human vocal noise (or the graphic representation of this noise in writing) used systematically and conventionally by a community for purpose of communication. Thus this definition also proposes communication as the principal functi
7、on oflanguage. What it does not do is the attempt to specify what is communicated.2 Literature RelevanceThe theory of this paper is mainly about the definition and the function of the context,and its influences on translation. To finish this paper, Newmark, Peters theory and Nida Eugene A.s on the d
8、efinition and the function of the context, and the theory of the contexts influences on translation of Ye miao, Yue jinsheng, Zhang peiji gave me a great help. We should first understand the meaning of the context, generally speaking, it can be understood as an environment where the communicators co
9、mmunicate, the environment provided by the verbal language itself, which includes the level significance of language, language structure and the logical relationship between sentences provided by the context which constitutes the speech units. Can any speech activity separated from the linguistic co
10、ntest exists!After knowing the definition of the context, we should have a general understanding of the functions of the context. The paper gives two main functions of the context: restrictive function, and the explanation function. Both of the two functions have been given detailed explanation in t
11、he paper. Finally, we should have a clear sense of the contexts influences on translation. The paper gives three main influences:the environment of context influences the ideational meaning of the same word, the linguistic factors that influence the translators and non-linguistic contexts influence
12、on English-Chinese translation.3 On Context3.1 The significance of the study of contextAs a kind of information system, language is unique to human society. The communication with language- the transmitting and receiving of information, occurs only in particular environments and are influenced by an
13、d subject to them as well. These actual environments are the basis of humans social communication; people using language in society all communicate on specific occasions, in a specific range, for specific purposes, and with specific people. In other words, these actual environments are the content s
14、urrounding a word or a passage in written works and speech acts and the social and natural environments, including social status, sex, age of the speaker and the hearer, as well as their geographic, cultural, linguistic, ideological, and social, customary background. This actural environment is tech
15、nically termed context, including linguist context (co-text), situational context, and cultural context. The status and value of context is becoming more and more important in the study of modern linguistics. Why do so many branches of linguistics such as socio-linguistics, pragmatics, semantics, st
16、ylistics, and rhetoric all take up context as an important subject? Why is it necessary for people to refer to context when they express or understand a word, a sentence or even a text? Why a sentence that is appropriate on this occasion is inappropriate on that one? It is all because people are controlled by the context; no matter they are conscious or not. Context is the environment in which language is
