《中考英语二轮复习 必刷子母题第17讲 短文填空(自由填空、首字母填空、杂糅填空、提示词填空、选词填空）（含解析）》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《中考英语二轮复习 必刷子母题第17讲 短文填空(自由填空、首字母填空、杂糅填空、提示词填空、选词填空）（含解析）（21页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、专 题 三 中考题型 语法知语法知识识第17讲 短文填空题型 要点归纳思维导图考向及母题典例考向1：短文自由填空1. 解题步骤：（1）快速浏览，了解大意。对于简单把握的空，可以先填出来；（2）上下求索，填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式；（3）通读全文，检查确认。特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前缀。无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词、代词、介词、连词（并列连词和从属连词）等虚词。（1）名词前面一般用冠词、代词或介词等。（2）如果需要填入代词，就要考虑到是人称代词的主格、宾格或物主代词的变化、指示代词的用法；（3）并列的两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之
2、间设空，一般填入并列连词and, but, or等；（4）两句之间，如果不是并列句，则很可能是主从句，因此需要填入从属连词（what,which, who, how, when等）。或者是宾语从句，定语从句或者是状语从句的连接词。这种空格需要同学们根据句子结构，分析到底是什么从句，从而选择合适的从属连词。母题1（2022广东统考中考真题）请阅读下面短文，在所给的每个空格中填入一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。Would you like to start your day with a cup of tea? If the answer is 1 , you may have the same h
3、abit as many people.You may not know 2 popular tea is. Among all kinds of drinks, tea is one of the two choices. People like it because it is 3 for their health.Tea is mostly produced 4 Asian countries like China and India. Chinese people started to drink tea as early as 5,000 years 5 . At that time
4、, people made tea in a simple way just put fresh tea leaves into hot 6 .Tea wasnt introduced into Europe until the early 17th century. And now it has 7 popular in Europe and America. People there like to 8 tea with sugar or milk in it. As the population of tea drinkers gets larger, tea business is g
5、etting 9 important than before. The first International Tea Day was on May 21st, 2020. Since then, people have celebrated 10 every year. The Day makes people realize the importance of tea workers and.【答案】1yes 2how 3good 4in 5ago 6water 7become 8drink 9more 10it【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍茶文化的发展和变化。1句意：如果答案是肯定
6、的，你可能和很多人有相同的习惯。根据“Would you like to start your day with a cup of tea?”和“you may have the same habit as many people”可知，肯定回答用yes，表示有饮茶习惯，故填yes。2句意：你可能不知道茶有多受欢迎。此处强调的中心词是形容词“popular”，用how，故填how。3句意：人们喜欢它，因为它对他们的健康有益。根据“People like it because it is.for their health.”可知，喝茶对健康有益，be good for“对有好处”，故填good。
7、4句意：茶叶主要产自中国和印度等亚洲国家。根据“Tea is mostly produced.Asian countries like China and India.”可知，用在国家前，用介词in，故填in。5句意：中国人早在5000年前就开始喝茶了。根据“Chinese people started to drink tea as early as 5,000 years.”和常识可知，中国人早在5000年前就开始喝茶了，ago“之前”符合语境，故填ago。6句意：那时候，人们泡茶的方法很简单，就是把新鲜的茶叶放进热水里。根据“people made tea in a simple way
8、 just put fresh tea leaves into hot.”可知，用热水泡茶，water“水”符合语境，故填water。7句意：现在它已经在欧洲和美国流行了。根据“And now it has.popular in Europe and America.”可知，茶现在在欧洲和美国流行了，become“变得”符合语境，用于现在完成时结构中，故填become。8句意：那里的人喜欢喝茶加糖或牛奶。根据“People there like to.tea with sugar or milk in it.”可知，喜欢喝茶的时候加糖或牛奶，drink“喝”，like to do sth“喜欢
9、做某事”，故填drink。9句意：随着饮茶人群的增加，茶叶生意变得比以前更加重要。根据“than before”可知，此处使用比较级，more important“更重要的”，故填more。10句意：从那时起，人们每年都庆祝这一天。此处指“International Tea Day”，用it代替，在句中作宾语，故填it。考向2：短文首字母填空首字母填空是根据句意和已给出的首字母，在句子的空白处填上适当的单词，使句子意思完整，语法正确的一种题型。该题型既考查学生的单词记忆和拼写能力，又考查学生对句子的理解和运用能力。满分技巧1. 跳过空格，不看选项，快速地阅读全文，从整体上感知全文，掌握大意，了
10、解全篇的内容和要旨。快速阅读时宁粗勿细，切忌只盯住一个句子仓促解题，这样势必因胸无全局而误入歧途。快速阅读时，还要注意找出关键词，这些词在文中起支撑骨架的功能，抓住了关键词就抓住了故事的线索。特别是要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填词的正确形式。如短文难度较大，尤其是难于选词时，从本句的前后观察中一时尚不得要领，就要
11、进一步扩大到上下文中分析。3. 三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。母题2（2023江苏镇江统考中考真题）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。At the dinner table, Westerners use knives and forks, while the Chinese use chopsticks. S 11 at least 3,000 years ago, chopstick
12、s have been the eating tool for the Chinese people. Ancient Chinese used pottery pots (陶罐) to cook food during the Pottery Age. And they used branches or bamboo sticks to p 12 up the food. Later on, they developed the habit of using the chopsticks. In general, the material of chopsticks can be d 13
13、into five groups: bamboo and wood, metal, jade, bone and chemical plastics. In Modern Chinese family life, people prefer to use the bamboo or wooden chopsticks b 14 they are good for the environment and cost a little.Using knives and forks or chopsticks brings about a difference not o 15 in lifestyl
14、e. For example, the use of knives and forks makes it c 16 for people to eat individually (分别地). And the use of chopsticks makes it possible for the family members to have meals t 17 . As the Westerners prefer to eat individually, they have the idea and habit of not d 18 on others after they grow int
15、o adults. The w 19 that Chinese people use chopsticks and eat with others around the table is connected with the lifestyle of the Chinese family. Nowadays, an increasing n 20 of foreign students are coming to China. They are happy to learn to use chopsticks and enjoy the pleasure of eating with friends around the table.【答案】11(S)ince 12(p)ick 13(d)ivided 14(b)ecause 15(o)nly 16(c)onvenient 17(t)ogether 18(d)epending 1
