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1、 个性化辅导教案学生科目英语年级高中日期教师教材总课时已上课时（含）课题高中英语定语从句教学内容：定语从句知识要点1 关系代词和关系副词的选用2 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别3 几组的关系词特殊用法一、 定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 The happy man who lives next to me sells vegetables. You must do everything that I do. 被定语从句修饰的词，叫先行词。比如上面两句中的man和everything. 引导定语从句的词，叫关系代词和关系副词。比如who, whom, that,wh
2、ich,where,when,why等 （关系词三重作用：连接主从句 指代先行词在定语从句中担任句子成分） The man who lives next to me sells vegetables.该句中，who lives next to me 是定语从句，修饰先行词theman，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词theman，在定语从句中作主语。二、引导词 引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, which, that, whose, as等和关系副词where, when,why等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。1、用关系代词that, which, wh
3、o, whom引导的定语从句who指人，用作主语whom 指人，用作宾语which 指物 ，用作主语、宾语皆可that 指人和物， 用作主语、宾语皆可The teacher who visits our school today is from Guangzhou.Mrs Read is the person whom you should write to. They palnted some trees which didnt need much water. The fish (which) we bought this morning were not fresh.A plane is
4、 a machine that can fly. The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious.2、由关系代词whose引导的定语从句：先行词既可指人，也可指物，一般译为“谁的”“什么东西的”，请看例子I went to see my friends, the Smiths, whose children I used to look after when they were small.The room whose window faces south is mine.3、由关系副词when、where、why引导的定语从句l when在从句中作时间状
5、语October lst, 1949 is the day when (=on which) the Peoples Republic of China was founded.l where在从句中作地点状语I recently went to the town where (=in which) I was born.l why在从句中作原因状语The reason why (=for which) he was late was that he missed the train. 高考链接：高考试题中对于where的考查趋于复杂，从先行词为明显的“地点”转为“地点的模糊化”。事实上，对于
6、where这个词，不能只理解为表地点。当先行词为situation,case, stage, point等，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，要用到关系副词where引导。 way (方式，方法)后常用in which或that引导定语从句，也可省略： They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other. 他们已经到了必须分手的地步了。Do you know the way (in which/that) he worked out the problem? 1 几种易混的情况 Ill never forg
7、et the days _ we worked together. Ill never forget the days _we spent together. I went to the place _ I worked ten years ago. I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago. This is the reason _ he was late. This is the reason _ he gave. 2 关系代词和关系副词的选用2012年广东高考真题：Of course whenever they turned to loo
8、k at him, they had to look at Mary, _made her feel like a star.2013年广东高考真题：Nicks guests, _had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy sale more cheaply if they could.Sales director is a position _communication ability is just as important as sales skills.A. which B.that C.when D.wher
9、eBy 16:30, _was almost closing time, nearly all the painting had been sold.A. which B.when C.what D. that The prize will go to the writer _story shows the most imagination. A. that B. which C. whose D. what三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 相同点：都属于定语从句 不同点： 形式上：有无逗号。限制性定从无逗号。非限制性定从，有逗号。 意义上：限制性定从对先行词起修饰限制作用；非限制性
10、定从起补充说明作用。 He has found the book (that) he was looking for. Yesterday I met Li Ping, who seemed to be very busy. He told me a story yesterday，which I think is very interesting. (which指a story) Tom has made great progress, which makes me very happy.(which指逗号前面整句话意思)四、几组关系词的特殊用法 限制性定语从句中，用关系代词that不能用w
11、hich的情况： 当先行词是指物的不定代词all, little, few, much, everything, anything, nothing, none, some Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself? 你有什么要为自己要说的吗？ 当先行词前面有the only, the very(恰恰，正好),any, every, some, no, all, few, little, much, the right, the last, just等修饰时。 This is the very bus that Im wait
12、ing for. 当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most interesting film that Ive ever seen. 这是我曾经看过的最有趣的电影。 当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时。 This train is the last that will go to Suzhou. 这是去苏州的最后一趟火车。 当先行词既有人又有物时。 Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? 你知道他们正在谈论的人和事吗？ 当主句的主语是疑问句who或wh
13、ich时，Which is the bike that you lost? 哪辆是你丢的自行车？Who is the boy that won the gold medal?赢得金牌的那个男孩是谁？ 有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用which,另外一个宜用that. They secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution. 当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中也作表语时。 Shanghai is no longer the city that it used t
14、o be. 上海不再是过去的那座城市了。 主句是there be句型且关系词在从句中作主语用，用that不用which引导。 There is a seat in the corner that is still available. 当先行词指事或人时，定语从句中关系代词用which不用that的情况：在非限制性定语从句中，只用which,不用that He broke my cup, which made me angry. 他打破了我的杯子，这使我很生气。当动词短语中的介词提前时，只用which, 不用that. This is a house in which Lu Xun once lived. 这是鲁迅曾住过的房子。注意：在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。This is the pen(which/that) Im looking for.这是我正在寻找的那只钢笔。 只用who而不用that引导定语从句的情况
