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1、物理化学答案_上册_高教_第五版（Answer _ _ on physical chemistry of higher education _ Fifth Edition）Chapter 1 gasPVTNature1.1 material expansion coefficientIsothermal compression rateThe definition is as followsTest the introduction of ideal gas,Relationship with pressure and temperature.According to the ideal ga
2、s equation1.5 two glass balls with V volume are connected by a small tube, and the bubbles are sealed with standard air. If soA ball is heated to 100 degrees C, while the other ball is maintained at 0 degrees C. The volume of the gas in the pipe is neglected and the container is soughtInternal air p
3、ressure.Solution: from the question to the condition, (1) the total mass of the system is constant; (2) the pressure remains the same in the two ball.Standard state:Therefore,As figure 1.9 shows, the container area partition, both sides are at the same pressure of hydrogen and nitrogen, two are rega
4、rded as idealGas.Page(1) when the temperature in the container is kept constant, the separator is removed and the volume of the barrier itself is negligibleSeek the pressure of two gases mixed.(2) is the molar volume of H2 and N2 equal before and after the separation of the separator?(3) after the s
5、eparation of the separator, the partial pressure of H2 and N2 in the mixture gas and the volume of their respective parts are severalSolution: (1) after isothermal mixingThat is, under the above conditions, the mixing pressure of the system is considered.(2) how is the molar volume of a component in
6、 a mixed gas defined?(3) according to the definition of volumeFor partial pressure1.11 atmospheric pressure air in a autoclave at room temperature for safety during the experiment and the use of pure nitrogen at the same temperatureThe steps are as follows: nitrogen is sent to the kettle until it is
7、 4 times as high as the air, and then the mixture gas is discharged from the tank until it is recoveredCompound atmospheric pressure. Repeat three times. The mole fraction of oxygen contained in the gas is obtained when the final exhaust gas reaches the normal atmospheric pressure.Analysis: every ti
8、me after the nitrogen gas, the gas returned to the atmospheric pressure P, and the mole fraction of the mixed gas remained unchanged.Before the first charge of nitrogen, the mole fraction of oxygen in the system isAfter nitrogen, the mole fraction of oxygen in the systembyThen,. Repeat the process a
9、bove, nAfter secondary nitrogen, the mole fraction of the system is,therefore.1.13 there are 0 degrees C, 40.530 kPa N2 gas, using ideal gas equation of state and van, der, Waals equation calculationIts molar volume. The experimental value is.Solution: the equation of state of ideal gas is usedPageU
10、sing van, der, and Waals calculations, look-up tables are known for N2 gas (Appendix seven)MatLab fzero function is used to obtain the solution of the equationDirect iteration can also be used,Take initial valueIterate ten timesAt 1.1625 degrees C, saturated acetylene gas saturated with water (i.e.,
11、 the partial pressure of the steam in the mixture is saturated at the same temperature)And vapor pressure) the total pressure is 138.7 kPa and is cooled to 10 DEG C at constant total pressure, which condenses some of the water vapor into water. Try to seek forThe amount of material that condenses in
12、 the cooling process of each mole of dry acetylene gas. Saturated vapor of water at 25 C and 10 degrees CThe pressures are 3.17 kPa and 1.23 kPa, respectively.Solution: the process is illustrated as followsIf the system is an ideal gas mixture, then1.17 a tightly packed rigid container filled with a
13、ir and with a small amount of water. But containers are in great balance at 300 K conditions, containersThe internal pressure is 101.325 kPa. If the container is moved to boiling water of 373.15 K, try to achieve a new equilibrium in the containerSome pressure. There is always water in the container
14、, and any volume change of water can be neglected. 300 K the saturated vapor pressure of waterFor 3.567 kPa.Solution: when gas phase is regarded as ideal gas, at 300 K, the partial pressure of air isPageAs the volume is constant (ignoring any change in volume of water), the partial pressure of the a
15、ir at 373.15 K isSince there is always water present in the container, the saturated vapor pressure of water at 373.15 K is 101.325 kPaThe partial pressure of water vapor is 101.325 kPa, so the total pressure of the systemPageThe second chapter is the first law of thermodynamics2.5 the initial state is 25 C, 200 kPa, 5 mol of an ideal gas, by way of a, B two different ways to the same final.By way of a, the adiabatic expansion to -28.47 degrees C, 100 kPa, the steps of the workThe constant volume heats up t
