《英语高考专题复习之短文改错》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语高考专题复习之短文改错（11页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、英语高考专项复习-短文改错 资源中学英语组 李艳英一短文改错的题型特点英语短文改错是高考命题的必考题型之一，是集多项语法规则和多种语言技能于一身的综合性试题，具有题型小，灵活性大，覆盖面广，综合性强，测试层次多的特点。短文改错试题并不是单纯检测语法知识，突出的是检测考生在改错和书写的过程中，在语篇和上下文理解中运用语言知识去解决实际的语言问题。具体来说，短文改错重要检测考生发现、判断、纠正文章中错误的能力，以考察考生在语篇中综合运用英语知识的精确性。高考英语短文改错的考点涵盖知识的领略、运用、分析、综合等诸多方面，考察目的既波及语言知识的多种方面（词法、句法、语篇构造、行文逻辑等），又涵盖理解
2、、分析、运用和整体思维等诸方面能力。短文改错的文章内容浅显，词数为100左右，多采用记叙文文体，偶尔也有阐明文和应用文。短文改错的文章中的错误重要是词语、语法、篇章构造和行文逻辑等方面的错误，这些错误往往需要在不同限度上借助语境进行判断，它不仅规定考生掌握好一定的词汇、语法知识，还规定考生具有一定的阅读、分析和逻辑推理能力。综上所述，要做好短文改错题，必须明确短文改错考点提示，抓住短文改错特点，然后打开做题思路，才干巧解短文改错题。因此，掌握短文改错的特点和应对技巧，有助于协助同窗们逐渐培养判断、发现、纠正语篇中语言错误的能力，在高考英语中获得高分。二短文改错的设错规律1. 单词的混用这种错误
3、是指误用了某个在形式或意义上与对的的单词相似的单词。如：(1) Between sunrise and sunset, streets and highways are a constant source of voice from cars, buses and trucks. 【解析】原文讲述噪音污染，因此，此处的voice应改为noise。(2) Immediately before him was a very flat piece of bread that looked, to him, very much as a napkin. 【解析】此处as应改为like，as与like都
4、可作介词用，表达“像同样”时，应用like，而as表达“作为”。2. 名词方面的语法错误有关辨别名词的错误应注意名词自身是可数名词还是不可数名词，同步应根据名词前的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数形式来判断名词的单复数。此外，还应检查句子中的名词与否有格和名词前限定词用法等方面的错误。如：(1) We have spent several precious weekend in learning in the English Club (福建)【解析】应把weekend改为weekends。根据several可知，此处weekend应用其复数形式。(2) And I came to understan
5、d that was not easy to earn money, and that knowledges could change my life. (辽宁)【解析】应把knowledges改为knowledge。knowledge是不可数名词，在句中应用其单数形式。(3) The play tells humorous stories that happen in the Greens family. (重庆)【解析】去掉the。此处泛指格林一家不必再加定冠词the。(4) and read the daily newspapers, magazines and the other bo
6、oks (湖北)【解析】去掉the。此处泛指其她课本，故应去掉the。(5) As everyone knows, its famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. 【解析】此处意为“一座名山”，具有数量“一座”的意思，故famous mountain前应加不定冠词a。3. 动词用法方面的错误不规则动词的过去式、过去分词形式错误，特别注意几组易混淆的词，如：bear(忍受) / bear(生育)；find / found (建立)；fall / fell(砍倒)；lie(躺) / lie(说谎) / lay；hang(挂) /
7、hang(绞死)等的过去式与过去分词。非谓语动词用法的选择，特别是充当状语、表语、定语或宾语补足语时是用过去分词还是目前分词(取决于主语、名词中心词与宾语的关系)；在 to 后是用不定式还是动名词(取决于to是介词还是小品词)；以及在并列构造中背面动词的形式，必须与第一种动词保持一致。谓语动词时态形式的选择，是目前时还是过去时还是其她时态；情态动词和 will(would), shall (should) 等助动词背面的动词形式的选择(只能用原形)。如：(1) I followed her advice and should put down 100 words or also each da
8、y. (全国卷)【解析】结合上一行，followed her advice和put down应是并列谓语，should用于此处显然是画蛇添足。(2)and I wonder if youll free then so we could chat about the good older days. (山东)【解析】应在free前加be。Youll是you will的缩写形式，其后不可直接接形容词作表语，必须加系动词be才干构成系表构造。(3)曲Perhaps someone who wanted see the play would take them. (陕西)【解析】应在wanted后加不
9、定式符号to。want表达“想要”的时候不能直接接动词原形作宾语，而必须接带to的不定式作宾语。4. 动词非谓语形式方面的错误辨别非谓语动词的常用错误时需要注意如下几点。看介词后接的与否是动名词；检查某些特定动词的背面只可接动名词的(如advise, admit, avoid, allow, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, imagine, include, mention, miss, mind, practise, prevent, quit, resist, risk, stand, suggest, understand等
10、)与否误用了不定式；检查某些特定动词的背面只可接带to的不定式的(如ask, afford, agree, decide, demand, dare, expect, fail, happen, hope, hesitate, manage, offer, ought, plan, intend, prepare, pretend, wish, refuse, promise等)与否误用了动名词；检查某些特定词的背面只跟不带to的不定式的(如had better, would rather, rather than等)与否多加to；检查需要用动词不定式的一般式的与否误用了其完毕式；检查需要用动
11、词不定式的完毕式的与否误用了其一般式；检查句子中需要用目前分词作状语的与否误用了过去分词；检查句子中需要用过去分词的与否误用了目前分词；当不定式作宾语，且背面又有宾语补足语时，检查与否漏用it作形式宾语，由于这时一般将不定式后置了；注意辨别几组特别的动词的-ing形式和过去分词之间的不同，如surprising(令人吃惊的)，surprised(感到惊讶的)；interesting(令人感爱好的)，interested(感爱好的)；disappointing(令人失望的)，disappointed(感到失望的)；encouraging(令人鼓舞的)，encouraged(感到鼓舞的)。如：(1
12、) Besides, the foreign teachers here work hard and try his best to make the activities lively and interested. (福建)【解析】应把interested改为interesting。activities(活动)应当是“令人感爱好”的才对，故此处要将interested改成interesting。(2) I really enjoy study because Im growing old and know what I want it. (陕西)【解析】应把study改为studying。
13、enjoy后一般接动名词而非不定式作宾语。(3) My father was so pleasing that he suggested I go to England for a holiday. (全国卷I)【解析】应把pleasing改为pleased。由于主语是my father，因此要用过去分词。(4) I just Want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person. (天津)【解析】应把becoming改为become。help后不接动名词作宾语，而是接动词不定式作宾语。(5) Wed better not t
14、o miss the chance to enjoy it. (重庆)【解析】应去掉not背面的to。had better后接不带to的不定式作宾语。(6) and will do all they can make sure that I get a good education. 【解析】应在make前加to，make在此处并非做谓语，而应当是不定式作目的状语，符号to不可省。 (7) But then there are always more mysteries look into.【解析】应在look前加to，此处应当用不定式作定语，修饰mysteries，故look into前缺t
15、o。(8) We are looking forward to see you on the birthday party.【解析】短语look forward to中的to是介词，其后应接动名词，故应将see改为seeing。(9) Im sorry I keep you wait for a long time. I got caught in the traffic. 【解析】在任何状况下keep均和doing连用，如keep doing sth, keep sb(sth) doing sth, keepfrom doing等。(10) Id like to your pen frien
16、d, and get to know more about your country.【解析】to后应加be。由于其背面是名词，而不是动词原形，因此不能直接用to。5. 动词语态方面的错误辨别语态的错误应当注意如下几点。检查句子与否该用被动语态；检查句子中使用的被动语态形式与否对的；检查被动语态的时态与句子中的其她时态与否相呼应，被动语态的数与否与其主语一致。如：(1) Im glad to learn that youve been settled down in Boston and are getting used to the local ways of life. (山东)【解析】应去掉been。此处表达“我”已经定居某地，是积极的动作，因此此处要用目前完毕时的积
