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1、摘要研究生毕业论文中文摘要首页用纸毕业论文题目：渗透反应格栅技术处理铀矿山酸性废水室内试验研究环境工程 专业 2007 级硕士生姓名： 指导教师（姓名、职称）： 摘要酸性低浓度含铀废水处理是我国铀矿山生产急需解决的难题，寻找经济高效的处理方法对铀矿山的环境保护和可持续发展具有重要的意义。渗透反应格栅 (permeable reaetive barriers，简称PRBs)是目前欧美发达国家普遍研究开始初步商业化应用的一项地下水污染修复技术。该项技术具有原位处理、处理时效长、同时可处理多种污染物、运行维护费用低等优点。本论文以721铀矿性废水为研究对象,分别用零价铁粉、膨润土、石灰石和石英砂4种
2、介质,设计了5个PRBs反应器对铀矿山酸性废水的可行性和有效性进行了试验研究。研究成果如下：1）PRBs反应器处理铀矿山堆浸酸性废水技术是完全可行的。混合材料不同配比反应柱都可使废水中的污染组分（U、Fe3+）达到排放标准，其中D柱处理废水后U出水浓度达到国家排放标准历时最长，反应E柱处理废水后Fe3+出水浓度均达到国家排放标准。2）设计的PRBs中和酸效果理想，处理后pH均在69，符合国家排放标准。3）在处理污染物阶段，不同配比的反应材料反应出不同的水-岩处理机理。零价铁的氧化还原作用可在稳定时间内能将水中的UO22+还原UO2；石灰石具有中和作用，膨润土悬浮液碱性特征能中和酸液，具有较大的
3、比表面积能成功吸附废水中的Fe3+。pH值升高至4.38时，UO22+会水解成UO2(OH)2、Fe3+转化Fe(OH)3沉淀，进而达到处理污染组分的效果。4）在混合材料不同配比中，以零价铁为主要反应介质，石灰石和膨润土为辅助反应介质的PRBs，反应条件在Eh260mV，5.2pH8.5，325h内Fe3+的去除率是100%，75h150h之间U的去除率是99.4%，为试验最佳处理效果。5）D柱为最佳PRBs反应器，反应介质比为1:2:4的膨润土、石灰石、零价铁的混合介质处理酸性废水74h之内，处理水量4795mL，每立方厘米处理水量6.96mL，处理后废水中pH、Fe3+、U浓度达到国家排放
4、标准。因此认为铀矿山堆浸酸性废水的污染控制PRBs技术合理可行。关键词：渗透反应格栅；酸性含铀废水；石灰石；零价铁；膨润土iiiAbstract东华理工学院研究生毕业论文英文摘要首页用纸Thesis：Laboratory study of permeable reaetive barrier technology treatment for uranium mine acidic wastewater Speciality: Environmental EngineeringPostgraduate: Mentor: AbstractAcidic wastewater containing l
5、ow level uranium mine production in China has an urgent need to solve the problem, to find cost-effective approach to uranium mining on environmental protection and sustainable development is of great significance.The“Permeable reaetive barriers” (PRBs) teehnology,a popular method of in situ remedia
6、tion of contaminated groundwater widely used reeently in Europe and Ameriea,is a passive treatment teehnology that removes dissolved contaminants from polluted water.The approaeh,compared to the earlier method，is charaetered with in situ remediation,good long-term performanee, many remediable contam
7、inantsands and low costs. In this paper, with acidic wastewater containing low-level uranium from 721 as the research subject, five PRBs reactorswere designed with themixture of zero valent iron(ZVI),active carbon, zeolite as reaction media. The feasibility and effectiveness of treating acidic waste
8、water containing low-level uranium from 721 by PRBs weretested.The research results are as follows:1) PRBs reactor acid heap leaching of uranium mine waste water technology is feasible. Hybrid materials with different ratio of reaction column can make wastewater pollution components (U、Fe3+) to meet
9、 emission standards, after wastewater treatment incolumn D effluent concentration of U longest national emission standards, oncentration of Fe3+ after wastewater treatment concentration up to the national emission standards in column E.2) PRBs as well as neutralize the acid, pH after treatment were
10、6 to 9, in line with national emission standards.3) Different ratio of reaction materials reflect different water-rock handling mechanism in the treatment of pollutants of the Stage. ZVI in a stable period of time can restore the water UO22+ to UO2; Limestone and bentonite can neutralize acid, bento
11、nit with a larger surface area adsorbs the success of the Fe3+.When pH value increased to 4.38, UO22+ will be hydrolyzed to UO2(OH)2, Fe3+ conversion Fe (OH) 3 precipitation, and thus achieve the effect of pollution components.4) ZVI as the main reaction medium, limestone and bentonite for the auxil
12、iary reaction medium PRBs in the mixed materials of different proportion, Reaction conditions Eh260mV,5.2pH8.5,325h removal rate within the Fe3+ is 100%, the best treatment effect for the trial with 75h150h is the removal rate of between U is 99.4%. 5）D column reactor for the best PRBs,Reaction medi
13、um ratio of 1:2:4 of bentonite, limestone, ZVI treatment of mixed media within 74h of acid waste water, processing water 4795mL, every cubic centimeter of treated water 6.96mL, treated waste water pH, Fe3+, U concentrations in the national emission standards. So the acid leaching of uranium mine was
14、te water pollution control PRBs technology feasible.Keywords：PRBs；Acidic waste water containing uranium；Limestone；ZVI；Bentonite目录目 录摘要iAbstractii目 录iv插图和附表清单vii1 绪论11.1 研究目的及意义11.2 国内外研究现状及存在问题21.2. 国内外研究现状21.2.2存在问题41.3 研究内容、研究方法及研究技术路线41.3.1研究内容41.3.2研究方法51.3.3研究技术路线51.4论文特色与创新62 PRBs技术概论72.1PRBs技
15、术基本概念及结构类型72.1.1 PRBs技术基本概念72.1.2 PRBs的结构类型82.2 PRBs技术反应材料及反应原理82.2.1 PRBs技术反应材料82.2.2 PRBs技术反应机理92.3 前景展望103试验研究123.1 721矿概况123.1.1 721矿简介123.1.2 矿自然环境123.1.3 721矿生产工艺和废处理措物施143.2 试验材料及方法153.2.1 样品来源与处理153.2.2 主要材料及反应机理163.3 主要药品与试剂183.4 主要仪器设备193.5试验装置和试验条件193.5.1试验装置193.5.2试验条件203.6分析项目及方法223.6.1溶液中铁含量的测定223.6.2溶液中铀浓度的测定233.7 试验设计与方法243.8 结果与分析243.8.1 反应介质投加量对试验的影响243.8.2 反应A柱试验结果303.8.3 反应B柱试验结果323.8.4 反应C柱试验结果353.8.5 反应D柱试验结果393.8.6 反应E柱试验结果423.9小结454 PRBs技术试
