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1、仁爱英语九年级单元语法综合精讲精练Unit 4第I部分 一般过去式&一般将来时的被动语态一般过去时的被动语态的基本结构为: was/were+及物动词的过去分词;一般将来时的被动语态的基本结构为: will+be+及物动词的过去分词。01一般过去时的被动语态的基本句式1.一般过去时被动语态的基本句式与一般现在时被动语态的基本句式大致相同，只不过助动词be的形式不一样:一般现在时用am/is/are, 一般过去时用 was/were。如:TheMP3playerwasmadeinJapanlastyear.这个MP3播放器是去年在日本生产的。She was not given a paintin
2、g by him. 她没有得到他的画。-Were these computers made in China?这些电脑是中国生产的吗?-Yes, they were./No, they werent. 是的。/不是。what were the bikes made of?自行车是用什么材料制成的?02一般将来时的被动语态的基本句式(1)肯定式: 主语+will +be+过去分词+(by .)。如:She will be met in the station by her father她父亲将去车站接她。(2)否定式: 主语+will+not+be+过去分词+(by .)。如:The desk
3、will not be repaired by him.他将不会修理这张桌子。(3)疑问式:will+主语+be+过去分词+(by.)? 如:WillafootballmatchbeheldnextSaturdayafternoon?下周六下午将举行一场足球赛吗?温馨提示被动语态也遵循“主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句用一般现在时的规律。如:Youllbeinvitedtothepartyifyouarefree.如果你有空，就邀请你参加晚会。03几种特殊句式变被动语态的方法(1)含有直接宾语和间接宾语的主动结构，变为被动结构时，可以将其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个不动。一般是主动结构中指人
4、的间接宾语变成被动结构的主语，这样句子显得自然一些。但也可以把指物的直接宾语变为主语，这时在间接宾语前须加介词 to或 for。如:Wegave them somebooks. 间接宾语 直接宾语Theyweregivensomebooks. 或Somebooksweregiventothem.(2) 带复合宾语的动词变被动语态，只把宾语变为主语，宾语补足语留在原处变为主语补足语，但如果宾语补足语是不带to的动词不定式，句子变为被动语态后则要加to,以便将两个动词隔开。如:Hesaw athief stealsomethingfromtheroom. 宾语 宾语补足语Athief wassee
5、ntostealsomethingfromtheroom.主语 主语补足语Herstepmothermade her doallthehousework. 宾语 宾语补足语She(主语) was made to do all the housework(主语补足语) by her stepmother.(3) 当及物的动词短语变为被动语态时，要注意保持动词短语的整体性, 不可丢掉其后的介词或副词。常见的动词短语有:look for, look after, take care of 等。如:We should look after the old. 我们应该照顾好老人。The old shou
6、ld be looked after (by us).老人应该由我们照顾好。巧学妙记巧记变被动语态的方法(二)原句若是双宾语,一变“主”来一保“宾”。 “间宾”要把主语变，原来“直宾”还是“宾”。“直宾要把主语变，“间宾”前加to或for。 若碰动词带“复宾”，宾语提前作主语。原句“宾补”变“主补”，位置不必挪寸分。 “短语动词”变“被动”，相当“及物”莫疑心。不过其后“介”或“副”,变后还得要承认。04常见主动形式表示被动意义1) 一些动词形式上是主动语态,但有被动的意思。如:book, feel, sound, smell, read, write, wash, draw, sell ,
7、常与副词well, easily，smoothly 等连用。如:The flowers smell sweet.这些花闻起来好香。The latest model cars sell well. 这种最新型的汽车卖得很好。This kind of ball-pen writes smoothly.这种圆珠笔书写流畅。Your coat doesnt wash easily. 你的外套很不好洗。(2) 动词need, require, want, be worth 后接v.ing主动结构表被动含义。如:Mycarneeds/wants/requiresrepairing.= My car nee
8、ds/ wants/ requires to be repaired. 我的车需要修理。These places of interest are well worth visiting.这些名胜很值得参观。05被动语态与系表结构的区别被动语态表示以主语为承受者的动作，而系表结构则表示主语的特点或所处的状态。如:The letter was written yesterday. 信是昨天写的。(动作)The letter is written in English.信是用英文写的。(状态)The store is closed at five.这个商店五点钟关门。(动作)The store is
9、 closed today.这个商店今天不开门。(状态)温馨提示为了明确地表示该被动语态是表示动作的，可用get来代替be动词。如:My bike got( 代替was)stolen.我的自行车被偷了。经典例题1.-Whos the little girl in the photo, Laura? -Its me. This photo _when I was five. A. is taken B. takes C. was taken D. took解析 C 考查被动语态。根据was可知用般过去时，且主语photo与take是被动关系，故用被动语态。故选C。2. This kind of
10、pen _, and is also very cheap. I think you can buy some. A. writes well B. writes good C. is written well D. is written good解析 A 考查动词语态和副词辨析。write为动词，需用副词修饰。write这个动作是由pen发出的,不可用被动语态,故选A。3. The 2022 Winter Olympic Games _ in China. Im sure it will be a great success. A. hold B. will hold C. were hel
11、d D. will be held解析 D 考查被动语态。可知主语是动作的承受者，且时间是将来，所以用一般将来时的被动语态 will be+过去分词。故选D。4. Dr Bethune _ still _in both China and Canada today. A. is; remembered B. is; remembering C. will; remember D. has;remembered解析A 考查般现在时的被动语态。根据题干Dr Betuine和in both China and Canada today可知两者之间表示被动，句子是般现在时的被动语态，故选A。专项训练(
12、 )1. Two bridge _ over the river five years ago in our city. A. build B. built C. were built D. are built( )2. Mr. Green _ to sing an English song at the party and he sang well. A. was invited B. invited C. is invited D. invites( )3. -Your classroom is so clean. -Of course. It _ every day. A. is cle
13、aned B. was cleaned C. cleans D. cleaned( )4.-_ an English contest(竞赛) _ in No.1 High School next Friday evening? -Yes, it will. A. Will, hold B. Will, be held C. Does, hold D. Is, held( )5. This picture _ by my cousin last year. A. draw B. drew C. is drawn D. was drawn( )6. He _ in the classroom just now. He must be there now. A. heard to sing B. was heard sing C. heard sing D. was heard to sing( )7. A talk on developments in science and technology _ in the school hall next week.A. will give B. gives C. was given D. will be given( )8. Its said that an airport _ in Meishan in the future.
