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1、专题18 阅读理解七选五1. 掌握七选五命题规律2. 掌握段首句解题策略3. 掌握段中句解题策略并熟知逻辑关系词4. 掌握段位句解题策略 七选五是高考英语试卷阅读理解的第二节，一篇300字左右的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。考试说明对该题型的命题目的表述是“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握”。该题型主要测试考生的两大能力：一是把握整篇文章布局和结构能力，二是把握微观信息之间关联性的能力。第一步：看位置定类型句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式，正是利用
2、挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查考生的逻辑思维能力。段首、段中、段尾题在文中所起的作用可归纳为下表：挖空位置逻辑关系具体解读段首题主旨句常以段落小标题或主题句的形式出现。承上启下句此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。段中题例证关系前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点到例子)。常见的表示例证关系的标志词语有：for example, for instance, in fact/as a matter of fact, actually, in other words/that is to say等。转
3、折关系若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的逆转， 则空格处很有可能表示转折。表示转折关系的标志词语有： but, however, yet, while/though/although, or/otherwise, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless(然而), still, in contrast/comparison, by comparison等。因果关系表示因果关系的标志词语有：so, therefore, thus, consequently(结果), as a result (of), so/such .that ., so that .等。递进关系
4、若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个表示递进的句子。表示递进关系的标志词语有：too, also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, likewise, similarly, whats more, whats worse, in addition, as well, to make matters worse, not . but ., not only . but also等。并列关系表示并列关系的标志词语有：and, first(ly), second(ly); first, then/next; to begin w
5、ith, some . others .; for one thing, for another thing; then/next, finally/last等。段尾题总结句用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。承上启下句此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。典例1（2020全国卷I）A Few Tips for Self-AcceptanceWe all want it. to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 36 Heres a handf
6、ul of ways that will set you in the right direction. 37 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this wor
7、ld.E Set an intention for self-acceptance.F. Stop comparing yourself with others.G. When does the comparison game start?Dont forget to forgive yourself._ 5 But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you dont do it.DTry to see things from your offenders angle.EFor some people，forgiving themselves
8、is the biggest challenge.FTo make your anger die away，try a simple stressmanagement technique.GIf you wait for people to apologize，you could be waiting an awfully long time.分析 设空在段中，先看前句E项中的信息forgiving themselves与前句意义一致，并且选项E与后面的句子之间用but连接，有转折的语气，因此构成了一种意义上的对比关系，尤其是but这个词，更加突出了对比的意义，因此选项E符合这里的意义和结构。
9、答案 E典例 2Dont forget to forgive yourself._ 5 But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you dont do it.DTry to see things from your offenders angle.EFor some people，forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.FTo make your anger die away，try a simple stressmanagement technique.GIf you wait for p
10、eople to apologize，you could be waiting an awfully long time.分析 设空在段中，先看前句E项中的信息forgiving themselves与前句意义一致，并且选项E与后面的句子之间用but连接，有转折的语气，因此构成了一种意义上的对比关系，尤其是but这个词，更加突出了对比的意义，因此选项E符合这里的意义和结构。答案 E典例 3（2020全国卷I） Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to l
11、ook at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 39 Now that youve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you dont fe
12、el good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 40 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?A. Feeling upset again?B. Where do you start?C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.D. Remember, you are only human.分析 本题设空在段尾，首先看前文。根据上文List al
13、l of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位。)可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝。C项意思，没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的，对上文的总结概括，符合文意。答案 C第二步：由类型定技法1.主旨概括题主旨概括题主要考查考生对文章或段落进行概括的能力，它要求考生在阅读文章时，能够提炼其中心思想，体会作者的写作意图，充分运用概括能力提取文章的主题、观点以及作者的情感态度。这类题
14、常以考查段落标题为主，设题位置一般在段首，有时总结性的语句也会出现在段中或段尾。这类题有时也会考查整篇文章的主旨大意，即文章的主题句，一般会在首段设空。概括起来讲，命题人通常从两个方面设题：概括文章或段落的主题句或结论性语句；段落标题。解答主旨概括题通常采用浏览的方式，即重点搜索本段的主题线索词并快速理清主旨大意，然后浏览选项，准确判定出与主旨大意匹配的选项。典例4_39_ Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening.
15、Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.AYou will stick to your diet.BYour quality of sleep improves.CYou prefer healthy food to fast food.DThere is no reason you should exercise in the morning.EYou can keep your head clear for 410 hours after exercise.FAfter you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.GIf you are planning to do exercise regularly, or youre doing it now, then listen up!分析设空位于段首，应为本段主题句。主题句一般是对上文或下文内容的总结，快速浏览本段，本段提
