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1、考研真题：广东广州大学 2021 年英语考试真题考研真题：广东广州大学 2021 年英语考试真题第一篇Flats were almost unknown in Britain until the 1850s when they were developed,along with other industrial dwellings,for the laboring classes.These vast blocks were plainly a convenient means of easing social conscience by housing large numbers of th
2、e ever-present poor on compact city sites.During the 1880s,however,the idea of living in comfortable residential chambers caught on with the affluent upper and upper-middle classes,and controversy as to the advantages and disadvantages of flat life was a topic of conversation around many a respectab
3、le dinner-table.In Paris and other major European cities,the custom whereby the better-off lived in apartments,or fiats,was well established.Up to the late nineteenth century in England only bachelor barristers had established the tradition of living in rooms near the Law Court:any self-respecting h
4、ead of household would insist upon a West End town house as his London home,the best that his means could provide.The popularity of flats for the better-off seems to have developed for a number of reasons.One is the introduction of the railways,which had enabled a wide range of people to enjoy a hol
5、iday staying in a suite at one of the luxury hotels which had begun to spring up during the previous decade.Hence,there is no doubt that many of the early luxury fiats were similar to hotel suites,even being provided with communal dining-rooms and central boilers for hot water and heating.Rents tend
6、ed to be high to cover overheads,but savings were made possible by these communal amenities and by tenants being able to reduce the number of family servants.One of the earliest substantial London developments of flats for the well-to-do was begun soon after Victoria Railway Station was opened in 18
7、60,as the train service provided an efficient link with both the City and the South of England.Victoria Street,adjacent to both the Station and Westminster,had already been formed,and under the direction of the architect,Henry Ashton,was being lined,with blocks of residential chambers in the Parisia
8、n manner.These fiats were commodious indeed,offering between eight and fifteen rooms apiece,including appropriate domestic offices.The idea was an emphatic departure from the tradition of the London house and achieved immediate Success.Perhaps the most notable block in the vicinity was Queen Annes M
9、ansions,partly designed by E.R.Robson in 1884 and recently demolished.For many years,this was Londons loftiest building and had strong claims to be the ugliest.The block modeled on the American skyscraper,and was nearly 200 feet high.The cliff-like walls of dingy brick completely overshadowed the mo
10、dest thoroughfare nearby.Although bleak outside,the mansion fiats were palatial within,with sumptuously furnished communal entertaining and dining rooms,and lifts to the uppermost floors.The success of these tall blocks of flats could not have been achieved,of course,without the invention of the lif
11、t,or ascending carriage as it was called when first used in the Strand Law Courts in the 1870s.1、Flats first appeared in Britain in the middle of the 19th century whenA.they were principally built for those families with several servants.B.people were not conscious of the crowded housing of the less
12、 well-to-do.C.there was increasing concern over accommodation for the poor.D.people became conscious of the social needs of the rural population.2、English upper-middle-class families preferred toA.live mainly outside London,where it was healthier and cheaper.B.live in the West End.C.live near their
13、working place.D.live in London,but mainly not in the West End.3、One effect of the railways coming to central London was to stimulate the building ofA.large and well-appointed hotels.B.blocks of self-contained fiats.C.rows of elegant town houses.D.fiats similar to hotel suites.4、The immediate success
14、 of the flats in Victoria Street could be attributed toA.the unusual number of rooms each fiat contained.B.their revolutionary style of architecture.C.the ease with which they could be used as offices.D.their French style of architecture.5、Which of the following is true about the interior and exteri
15、or of Queen Annes Mansions?A.They were elegantly decorated both inside and outside.B.They were grim from the outside and had a modest decor inside.C.They were flashy from the street but nondescript inside.D.They were plain outside but with lavish interior.第二篇As a firefighter,I have seen many people
16、die in hotel fires.Most could have saved themselves if they had been prepared.Contrary to what you have seen in the movies,fire is not likely to chase you down and burn you to death.It s the by-products of fire-smoke and panic-that are almost always the causes of death.For example,a man wakes up at 2:30 am due to the smell of smoke.He pulls on his pants and runs into the hallway-to be greeted by heavy smoke.He has no idea where the exit is,so he runs first to the right.No exit.Where is it?Panic
