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1、专题11 状语从句概念：指的是在主从复合句中作状语的从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句由从属连词引导。状语从句放在主句之前时，常用逗号分开；若放在主句之后，一般不用逗号。基本分类： 1.时间状语从句：When Susan goes to town, she will visit her grandma.2.条件状语从句：If he works hard, he will surely succeed.按意义和作用3.结果状语从句：Waste must be treated so that it does not become a danger to life.4.目的状语从句：T
2、hey worked hard in order that they might succeed.5.原因状语从句：Mary didnt go shopping because I advised her not to.6.让步状语从句：Though we are all different, we need never be separate.7.比较状语从句：I was happier than I had ever been in my life.8.地点状语从句：I will go where I am needed.9.方式状语从句：I have changed it as you
3、suggest.考点一：让步状语从句(1)让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导。例如：Though he is young, he knows a lot.Although I am tired, I must go on working.注意：although只能用在句首，而though既可以放句首也可以放句末。(2)although(though)不能和but用在同一个句子中。例如：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out. （）应该说：Though it was raining hard, he still
4、 went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out.考点二：时间状语从句时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。It was raining hard when I got to school yesterday.While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.As he walked along the lake, he sang happily.He had lear
5、ned a little Chinese before he came to China.After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.Ill ring you up as soon as I get to New York.I will tell him everything when he comes back.He wont believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.when，while，as三者均可译为“在时候”。when引导的从句，动词既可以是延续性的，也可
6、以是终止性的。一般来说，当主句的动作正在进行时，when引导的从句的动作才发生；例：He was riding to school when he was hit by a car this morning. 当他被一辆小汽车撞到的时候他正骑车上学。while引导的从句中，动词只能是延续性的，一般来说，当while引导的从句的动作正在进行时，主句的动作才发生；例：They were singing while we were dancing. 我们在唱歌的时候他们在跳舞。as表示随着短暂动作的发生，另一行为伴随发生。例：She sang as she walked. 她一边走一边唱歌。1)用于
7、表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行,指一边.一边.例：The girl sings as she goes to school.2)表示两个同步发生的动作或行为,意思是随着.的发展例：As time went on / by, she became more and more beautiful .3)表示两个短暂行为或事情几乎同时发生.例：I watched her as she read the book.4)接在名词后面表示某一个年龄段时.例：As a young man, he was active in sports.用while或when填空1. Please dont talk so
8、 loud _ others are working.2. _ he came in, his mother was cooking.3. _ we were at school, we went to the library every day.【答案】1. while 2. When 2. While当主句是祈使句或谓语动词是一般将来时态或情态动词时，其时间状语从句中的谓语动词常用一般现在时态表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。这就是我们常说的“主将从现”( 用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态)【例题】例1.Ill ring you up as soon as I _（get） to New Yo
9、rk.例2.I will tell him everything when he _ (come) back.例3. He wont believe it until he _ (see) it with his own eyes. 【答案】1. get 2. comes 3. sees since: “自从”, 重要考点: 现在完成时 (主句) + since+ 一般过去时 (从句)Where have you been since I last saw you?I as well as several colleagues have been in Beijing since 2010.M
10、r. Green has made quite a few friends since three years ago.It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing. It is +一段时间+ since+ 从句 (一般过去时)练习：1. My brother left school in 2005, and since then he _ in Beijing.A. lives B. lived C. will live D. has lived2. Great changes have taken place since we _ E-
11、Times. And the computer is widely used throughout the worldA. entered B. will enter C. have entered3. My aunt is a writer. She _ more than ten books since 1980.A. writes B. wrote C. has written D. will write4. China has offered much help to Japan since it _ by the earthquake and tsunami（海啸）.A. hits
12、B. is hit C. was hit D. will be hit5. Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?Yes, since she _ the Chinese Society.A. joined B. has taken part in C. has joinedD. took part in6. How long has Robert _? Since 2004.A. been to Beijing B. become a policeman C. joined the art club D. studied in this sch
13、ool【答案】ADCCADnot.until/ till. 直到才.till. 直到为止 until表示动作、状态的持续，强调“一直到为止”，或强调某个动作或状态一直持续到另一个动作或状态出现之前。常与表示延续性动作的动词连用。例：I waited until three oclock, but he didnt come. not until表示“到为止；直到才”，常与表示瞬间性动作的动词连用。例：The children didnt come home until it was dark. 注意：一旦看到否定，再看到选项中有until，可以迅速联想到“not.until.”结构，再结合句意
14、进行判断选择。考点三：目的状语从句和结果状语从句so that 表示为了.（表目的）so.that.，such.that. 表示如此.以至于.so形容词/副词that从句例：Nanjing is so beautiful that lots of visitors come here every year. 南京如此美以至于每年许多游客来这。 so形容词a/an可数名词的单数that从句例：Nanjing is so beautiful a city that lots of visitors come here every year. 南京如此美以至于每年许多游客来这。 somany/much/few/little名词that从句；例：He had so little education that he wasnt able to read or write.他所受教育很少以至于他既不会读也不会写。 sucha/an形容词可数名词单数that从句；例：She is such a good girl that we
