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1、查补易混易错17 完形填空（二）说明文解读考点考向 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式，用来说明事物、阐明事理的一种文体。它通过揭示概念来说明事物的特征、本质及其规律性，给人准确的科学知识或传递某种思想。辨析词义，以实词为主，且第一局不设空，生词量有增无减，长句增加，句式灵活，结构复杂。 命题趋势：中考完形填空抛弃了传统的语法知识型”命题模式转变成，情境能力型”的命题趋势。它的一个显著特点就是实出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。中考五星高频考点，题目难度中等偏上，在全国各地中考试卷选填题中有考查。易错点1：在没有把握文章大意
2、的情况下，急着为每一个空白处选答案。说明文往往生词较多，题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要掌握文章大意。易错点02：没有弄清说明顺序想当然地直接选答案。因此选定答案前应弄清楚说明的顺序，从而准确把握文章的脉络，加强对文章的理解，从而选出正确的答案。易错点03 在没有厘清事实细节的情况下选答案。说明性文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。因此我们做题时，一定仔细研读文章，特别时开头和结尾，从主题句入手，找出支持句，然后寻找文章的结论，从而进一步敲定选项。2021真题演练（2021安徽中考真题） It is a basic ability for humans to tell
3、 more from less. Surprisingly, a number of animals 11 this ability too. They will 12 more of something. Horses, for example, will go for a group of three apples instead of two apples.This ability is 13 to animals in lots of ways. It helps them 14 the larger group of friends. Many fishes, for example
4、, join groups for 15 . If a predator (掠食动物) comes, a fish in a group of 40 is less possible to become lunch than a fish in a group of 10. So if a fish has a choice between two groups, its safer to join the 16 one. A sense of number even helps keep the 17 . For example, a monkey group will avoid figh
5、ts with other groups when they find their 18 is not an advantage.Also, the ability to do simple 19 is a sure thing for some animals. They 20 the difference between one, two, and three.Some others can count much higher than three.11AhaveBmissCdoubtDhate12AgrowBcookCpickDleave13AfreshBusefulCcorrectDd
6、irect14AhideBbeatCpushDfind15AsafetyBholidayCdiscussionDexercise16AfasterBlargerCbusierDquieter17AsecretBinterestCpeaceDrecord18AageBnumberCtimeDspeed19AcountingBjumpingCdancingDswimming20AmixBlikeCaskDknow【答案】11A 12C 13B 14D 15A 16B 17C 18B 19A 20D【分析】本文主要讲述了动物辨别多少的能力对它们的帮助。11句意：令人惊讶的是，许多动物也有这个能力。h
7、ave有；miss错过；doubt怀疑；hate憎恨。根据“this ability”可知，此处表示有这个能力，故选A。12句意：它们会选择更多的东西。grow生长；cook烹饪；pick选择；leave离开。根据“for example, will go for a group of three apples instead of two apples”可知，在多与少之间，会选择更多的，故选C。13句意：这种能力在很多方面对动物都很有用。fresh新鲜的；useful有用的；correct正确的；direct直接的。根据“It helps them”可知，这种能力对它们是有帮助的，故选B。1
8、4句意：这能帮助它们找到更多的朋友。hide隐藏；beat击败；push推动；find寻找。根据“the larger group of friends”可知，是寻找更多的朋友，故选D。15句意：例如，许多鱼类为了安全而加入群体。safety安全；holiday假日；discussion讨论；exercise锻炼。根据“a fish in a group of 40 is less possible to become lunch than a fish in a group of 10”可知，鱼加入群体是为了安全，故选A。16句意：所以如果一条鱼在两组鱼中有选择，加入大的那一组会更安全。fa
9、ster更快的；larger更大的；busier更忙的；quieter更安静的。根据“It helps them the larger group of friends”可知，此段介绍的就是动物会选择加入更大的群体，故选B。17句意：数字感甚至有助于维持和平。secret秘密；interest兴趣；peace和平；record记录。根据“a monkey group will avoid fights with other groups”可知，避免了斗争，也就是维持和平，故选C。18句意：例如，当猴子群体发现数量不是优势时，它们会避免与其他群体发生冲突。age年龄；number数字；time时
10、间；speed速度。根据“A sense of number even helps keep the”可知，是发现自己的群体数量没有优势时，就尽量避免冲突，故选B。19句意：此外，简单的计数能力对一些动物来说是肯定的。counting数数；jumping跳跃；dancing跳舞；swimming游泳。根据“Some others can count much higher than three”可知，此处指“数数”能力，故选A。20句意：它们知道1、2和3之间的区别。mix混合；like喜欢；ask要求；know知道。根据“the difference between one, two, an
11、d three”可知，是知道这几个数字之间的区别，故选D。（2021广西贵港市中考真题）Do you like to drink hot water? Compared 1 people in most other countries, Chinese people especially like to drink warm water. Do you know why?In the old days, people drank water from the 2 . The bacteria (细菌) in it could make them 3 . Ancient people aroun
12、d the world used different 4 to kill the bacteria in the water. For the Chinese, they thought drinking boiled water was the easiest way to protect 5 from the harmful bacteria.Whats more, in traditional Chinese 6 , “yin” and “yang” mean cold and hot energy. It was believed that the power of your body
13、 7 “yang”. And drinking hot water could nourish (滋养) the “yang” energy. Thats 8 traditional Chinese doctors always suggest people should not drink cold water.Besides this, before people in northern China had central heating (中央供暖), it was hard for them 9 the cold in winter. Drinking hot water helped
14、 them keep warm. Another reason is that since the early 20th century, the Chinese government has 10 people to drink more warm water. It has also helped the Chinese to form this special habit.1AatBwithCofDin2AriverBdesertCmoonDfridge3AhealthyBstrongCcleverDsick4AwaysBtasksCtoolsDobjects5AourselvesBhi
15、mselfCthemselvesDyourselves6AmedicineBartCmusicDmanner7Acut offBtook offClearnt fromDcame from8AhowBwhyCwhichDwhat9ApreventBpreventingCto preventDprevented10AallowedBplannedCwarnedDencouraged【答案】 1B 2A 3D 4A 5C 6A 7D 8B 9C 10D【分析】文章主要讲了中国人为什么尤其喜欢喝温水。1句意：和大多数其他国家的人相比，中国人特别喜欢喝温水。at在；with和，同；of的；in在里面。compared with与相比较，固定搭配。故选B。2句意：在旧社会，人们
