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1、Unit 5 Working the landLearning about languageDiscover useful structures在复合句中充当主语成分的从句叫做主语从句。Discover useful structuresWhat Yuan Longping really cared about was not money or celebrity.That Yuan Longping had realised his dream of seawater rice surprised the whole world.Its surprised the whole world t
2、hat Yuan Longping had realised his dream of developing seawater rice.Discover useful structures主语从句，即在复合句中充当主语成分的句子。That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.他在很短的时间内写完作文让我们都很惊讶。此复合句主要描述的是某事让我们惊讶，某事就是该复合句的主语，因此“That he finished writing the composition in such a s
3、hort time”便是该复合句的主语从句。引导主语从句的连词主要有：从属连词：that whether连接代词：who whoever whom whose what whatever which whichever连接副词：when where how why whenever wherever however引导词+主语+动词=主语从句试翻译:我们明天是否会去郊游仍旧未知。tomorrow remains unknown.Whetherwewill go for an outingDiscover useful structures主语从句的时态不受主句时态的影响和限制，主语从句常作单数
4、。（1）Who will be our monitor hasnt been decided yet.谁当我们的班长尚未决定。（2）Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.“我们为谁而学习”是个很重要的问题。（3）What caused the accident remains unknown.事故的起因是未知的。（4）Whatever you did is right.你做的任何事都是正确的。（5）Whom the watch belongs to is unknown.手表的归属是未知的。（6）What we nee
5、d is time.我们需要的是时间。（7）What we need are good doctors.我们需要的是好的医生。Discover useful structures归纳总结：归纳总结：主语从句必须有引导词；主语从句用陈述句语气。连词位于句首不能省略主语从句大多数情况下视为第三人称单数，但也有例外。主语从句引导词的选择主要是根据从句的结构和意义来选择。如果从句的意义和结构完整，则用that。如果从句的意义和结构不完整，则根据从句的意义和结构选择相应的引导词。练一练：用适当的连词填空练一练：用适当的连词填空_ bag it is cannot be told._ India need
6、s is a law to make land ownership fairer.It is not yet decided _ cash crop will be produced next year._ he said was right.WhoseWhatWhat/Whateverwhich/whatDiscover useful structures比较that/what1._ he wants is a book.主语从句 2._ he wants to go there is obvious.主语从句 3._ happened is not clear.主语从句4.This is
7、the best TV_ is made in China.定语从句5.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.定语从句that 和what 的选用：that 和 what 都可引导主语从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在主语从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语，相当于the thing(s)that；而that在主语从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。WhatThatWhatthatthatDiscover useful structures为了使句子保持平衡，常用it来代替主语从句，而把主语从句
8、放到后面，尤其是连词that引导的主语从句常用于此种句式中。常用句型如下：It+be+名词+that 从句It+be+形容词+that从句It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句It+不及物动词+that从句Discover useful structures1.Its likely/possible/important/necessary/clear that 很可能/重要的是/必要的是/很清楚 2.Its known/reported/thought/said that 据说/据报道 3.It seems/appears/happens that 显然、明显、碰巧 4.Its been a
9、nnounced/declared that 已经通知/宣布 5.Its no wonder that 难怪/无疑 6.Its a pity/a fact/a common knowledge（众所周知）/a common saying（俗话说）thatDiscover useful structures翻译练习翻译练习1.他多长时间去看望奶奶取决于他能抽出多少时间。2.那一年有多少人死于饥饿永远也不为人知了。3.所有人都知道火药最初是由中国人发明的。4.造成事故的原因仍旧是个秘密。How often hell go to see his grandmother depends on the
10、time he can spare.How many people died from starvation that year will never be known.It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese.It is still a mystery what caused the accident.Discover useful structures下列各句均有一处错误，请改正并分析原因。1.Light travels faster than sound is common knowl
11、edge.改：在Light前加That。that虽无词义但引导主语从句位于句首时不能省略。2.If shes coming or not doesnt matter much.改：将If变为Whether。if,whether都可表示“是否”,但if不能引导位于主句之前的主语从句，它可以引导位于主句之后带有形式主语it的主语从句。3.That the professor said is of great importance.改：将That改为What。that引导主语从句时无词义，只起一个连接的作用。What the professor said表示“教授所说的”，said后面还需要一个宾语
12、，就只能用what。Discover useful structures下列各句均有一处错误，请改正并分析原因。4.Where will the trees be planted has not been decided.改：将will置于trees之后。主语从句要用陈述句语序。5.No matter who breaks the rule will be punished.改：将No matter who变为Whoever。引导让步状语从句时二者可互换，但引导名词性从句时只能用whoever。6.When and where the meeting will be held still re
13、main a question.改：将remain变为remains。主语从句表示单一概念时，谓语要用单数形式。Discover useful structuresDiscover useful structuresTranslate the completed sentences into Chinese.1.这些小麦农场主什么时候加入这个试验仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。2.我们如何才能找到一个适合的解决办法来生产足够的粮食同时保持环境安全是我们 要研究的一个重要主题。3.令人多人担忧的是这些化学药品甚至能导致癌症。4.这些蔬菜甚至能通过这种新技术无土种植，令我们所有人都很吃惊。5.生活方式慢
14、节奏而且健康是很多人更愿意住在乡下而不是城里的原因。Discover useful structures12431.the fact that the vegetables look beautiful on the outside 2.the thing that she is unhappy about 3.the way that they are going to spend their retirement 4.the question whether they can live a healthy life Discover useful structuresWhat I have
15、 forgottenisItWhosehas notDiscover useful structuresCombine each pair of sentences using the word in brackets.1.Can we control pests without causing any ill effects?This still remains a question.(Whether)2.Agriculture is the foundation of our country.This is well known.(It)3.Some less-developed coun
16、tries are suffering food shortage.It is a serious problem in the world.(That)Whether we can control pests without causing any ill effects still remains a question.Its well known that agriculture is the foundation of our country.That some less-developed countries are suffering food shortage is a serious problem in the world.Discover useful structures4.Some herdsmen in Inner Mongolia fix electronic sensors to their cattle to monitor their movements.It is true that they are doing this.(It)It is tru
