人教版八年级英语下册 unit 10 i’ve had this bike for three years.（section a grammar focus-4c）课件 （共51张）

表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语在的一段时间状语”连用，如连用，如“for+时间段时间段”、“since+过去时间点过去时间点”、“since+过去过去时的从句时的从句”、“since+一段时间一段时间+ago”。且。且for与与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。引导的时间状语可以相互转换。过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、since 把时间带。把时间带。e.g.Myunclehasworkedatthisfactoryfortenyears.=Myunclehasworkedatthisfactorysincetenyearago.Ivelivedheresince1990自从自从1990年以来我就住在这里。年以来我就住在这里。Ihaventseenhimforthreeyears.我三年没有看见他了。我三年没有看见他了。瞬间动词瞬间动词的肯定式不能和的肯定式不能和时间段时间段连连用。但其否定式可以和时间段连用。用。但其否定式可以和时间段连用。因为，其否定式表示的是一种状态，因为，其否定式表示的是一种状态，而状态总是可以延续的。而状态总是可以延续的。*HehascometoBeijingfortwoyears.HehasbeeninBeijingfortwoyears.*Hehasboughtthatbookforthreeweeks.Hehashadthatbookforthreeweeks.*HehasjoinedtheArmyforoneandahalfyears.Hehasbeeninthearmyforoneandahalfyears.ItistwoyearssincehecametoBeijing.Itisthreeweekssinceheboughtthatbook.ItisoneandahalfyearssincehejoinedtheArmy.*Hisgrandmahasdiedforninemonths.Hisgrandmahasbeendeadforninemonths.Itisninemonthssincehisgrandmadied.含有含有for，since的现在完成时的用法歌诀的现在完成时的用法歌诀:过过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、since 把时间带。把时间带。非延续性非延续性动词用于完成时态，在肯定句中动词用于完成时态，在肯定句中不能与不能与for或或since引出的短语引出的短语(或句子或句子)连用，连用，但在否定句中是可以的，因为一个但在否定句中是可以的，因为一个非延续性非延续性动词动词一旦被否定即成为状态，而状态总是可一旦被否定即成为状态，而状态总是可以延续的。如：以延续的。如：Ihaventseenhimforalongtime.我很久没见到他了。我很久没见到他了。Hehasntcomehereforsometime.他有段时间没来了。他有段时间没来了。Ihaventheardfromhersincesheleft.自她离开以后，我一直没收到她的来信。自她离开以后，我一直没收到她的来信。瞬间性动词瞬间性动词延续性动词延续性动词comebe(in)buyhaveborrowkeepleavebeawaydiebedeadstopbeoverbegin/startbeonopen-beopenclose-beclosed put on wear catch a cold have a cold get to know know go out be out finish be over fall asleep be asleep join be in/be a member of become be make friends be friends在表示持续一段时间的句子中，应将在表示持续一段时间的句子中，应将短暂性动词短暂性动词转化为相同意义的转化为相同意义的延续性动词延续性动词或状态动词。或状态动词。初中英语中常见的有：初中英语中常见的有：短暂性动词短暂性动词延续性动词延续性动词go,leave,movearrive,come,reachjoin,becomebuy,get(得到得到)beaway(off),beoutofbehere,bein+某地某地bein,bea(an)+n.havefallill(asleep)finish,endbegin,startbegintolearn(work,read,rain)gooutgetupborrowgettoknowdielosebeill(asleep)beoverbeonlearn,work,read,rainbeoutbeupkeepknowbedeadbelost短暂性动词短暂性动词延续性动词延续性动词 此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的 动词必须是延续性动词动词必须是延续性动词(否定句除外否定句除外)。1.这本书我买了这本书我买了5年了。年了。I have bought the book for five years.()Ive had the book for five years.()2.你哥哥参军多长时间了？你哥哥参军多长时间了？How long has your brother joined the army?()How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier?()KittyhasleftBeijingfortwodays.KittyleftBeijingtwodaysago.KittyhasbeenawayfromBeijingfortwodays.Kittyhasboughtherpursesincelastyear.Kittyboughtherpurseayearago.Kittyhashadherpurseforayear.不能说不能说:*HehascometoBeijingfortwoyears.*Hehasboughtthatbookforthreeweeks.*HehasjoinedtheArmyforoneandahalfyears.*Hisgrandmahasdiedforninemonths.Hehasgotupfor5minutes.可以说可以说:He has been in Beijing for two years.He has had that book for three weeks.He has been in the army for one and a half years.His grandma has been dead for nine months.He has been up for 5minutes.Theoldmandiedtwoyearsago.这个老人两年前死了。这个老人两年前死了。Theoldmanhasbeendeadfortwoyears.这个老人死了两年了。这个老人死了两年了。Heboughtacarfiveyearsago.他五年前买了一辆轿车。他五年前买了一辆轿车。Hehashadthecarforfiveyears.这辆轿车他买了五年了。这辆轿车他买了五年了。Rewritethesentencesusingfororsince.(4a)1.JimisinJapan.Hearrivedtherethreedaysago.JimhasbeeninJapanforthreedays.2.Theyareveryhungry.Theirlastmealwastenhoursago.Theyhavenoteatenfortenhours.Theyhavebeenveryhungryfortenhours.(Althoughtheirlastmealwastenhoursago,itisntlogicalthattheygothungryimmediatelyaftertheyhadtheirlastmeal.)4aRewrite the sentences using for or since.1.JimisinJapan.Hearrivedtherethreedaysago.2.Theyareveryhungry.Theirlastmealwastenhoursago.Theyhavebeenhungryfortenhours/sincetenhoursago.JimhasbeeninJapanforthreeyears.3.Ihaveacamera.Iboughtitin2009.4.IknowAnna.Ifirstmetherthreeyearsago.5.Lindaisill.ShebecameillonMonday.Ihavehadacamerasince2009.IhaveknownAnnforthreeyears/sincethreeyearsago.LindahasbeenillsinceMonday.4bFill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.1.I_(neverbe)tothewaterparkbefore.Iwantto_(go)nextmonthbeforetheweathergetstoocold.2.They_(neverown)anypets,butthey_(alwayswant)tohaveadog.haveneverbeengohaveneverownedalwayswant3.We_(have)apianosincelastNovember.We_(buy)itfromtheLifamilywhentheymovedtotheUSlastyear.4.CathyandAmy_(notbe)backtotheirhometownfortwoyears.They_(miss)theirhometownalotandhopetovisittheplacenextyear.havehadboughthaventbeenmiss5.Thismuseum_(be)hereforover20years.It_(be)oneoftheoldestbuildingsinthissmalltown.hasbeenis4cFill in the questions and ask two students.Then complete the chart.1.Doyouhavea(n)_?Howlonghaveyouhadit?2.Doyouowna(n)_?Howlonghaveyouownedit?ThingsHow longTonyfavoritebookbasketballfortwoyearssincehewas10yearsoldstudent1Student2【2012黔西南黔西南】He_hishometownfortwentyyears.Hereallymissesit!A.hasbeenawayfromB.leftC.hasleftD.isawayfrom【解析解析】A考查动词的时态。从考查动词的时态。从“for+一段时间一段时间”时时间状语可知用现在完成时，因此，只能选间状语可知用现在完成时，因此，只能选择择A或或C选项；而选项；而leave是瞬间性动词，不能是瞬间性动词，不能持续一段时间，所以要将持续一段时间，所以要将leave变成变成beawayfrom，故选，故选A答案。答案。真真题链题链接接()1.Excuseme,whereisMr.Brownsoffice?Sorry,Idontknow.