语法填空无提示词题目的答题技巧 课件【知识精讲+重点突破】高考英语语法复习专题

语法填空无提示词题目的答题技巧 冠词、介词、代词（it）和连词冠 词不定冠词的基本用法不定冠词的基本用法（1）表示泛指，相当于“a certain”。（2）表示类指，指某类中的“任何一个”。（3）表示量指，但数的概念没有one强烈。（4）表示“每”，相当于per，用于价格、速度、频率等表达中。（5）考查固定搭配中的不定冠词。（6）和具有某些特征、状态或情感的抽象名词连用表示具体的概念。定冠词的基本用法定冠词的基本用法（1）特指某人或某物。（2）用于最高级或序数词前，或用于only，very，same等前，构成the only,the very,the same来修饰名词。（3）和形容词、过去分词连用，表示一类人或事物。（4）用在“逢十”的年代前，表示“在某世纪几十年代”。（5）用在世界上独一无二的东西及某些专有名词前。（6）用在乐器名词前。（7）常用在一些固定搭配中。当纯空格在没有当纯空格在没有限定词限定词的的名词名词或或形容词形容词+名词名词前，通常是填限定词前，通常是填限定词(注：限定词主注：限定词主要是指冠词、形容词性物主代词，以及要是指冠词、形容词性物主代词，以及some,any,another等不定代词等），等不定代词等），而语法填而语法填空中纯空格题，一般情况下填冠词空中纯空格题，一般情况下填冠词.然后根据句意及定冠词与不定冠词的基本用法选用恰当的冠词。然后根据句意及定冠词与不定冠词的基本用法选用恰当的冠词。一般情况下，一般情况下，如果加上冠词翻译为“一个或某个”，表泛指，即可使用不定冠词a或an;如果翻译为“这个，那个”，表特指，即可使用定冠词the。1.2019全国II When we got a call saying she was short-listed,we thought it was _ joke.a_单句语法填空单句语法填空1.2021新高考卷 While youre in China,Mount Huangshan is_ must to visit!a 2.2020课标全国卷 The plum trees are _ first to flower even as the snow is melting（融化）.the_3.(2015卷II62)The adobe dwellings(土坯房)built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _ most modern architects and engineers.4.The policy was later relaxed.Parents who were both only children in their family could have _ second child.thea_the易错点 a/an5.All my life I have tried to be _ honest man.6.The mobile phone is becoming _ useful tool for us to communicate with others.anaa useful book a university a European an hour/honest boy/honor_5.(2017全国卷65)As _result,people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.a解析解析 考查冠词。as a result是固定用法。6.(2021全国甲卷68)It took us about 3 hours to go all _way around the Xian City Wall.解析解析 考查冠词。as the way 是固定用法,意为“一直，一路上”thethe 介 词 语法填空对介词的考查主要是考查常见的介词语法填空对介词的考查主要是考查常见的介词in、at、on、for、with、without、through 等词的本质含义等词的本质含义，另外一个重点是考查介词在固定搭配中另外一个重点是考查介词在固定搭配中的用法。的用法。介词在固定搭配中的考查主要有以下几种形式：介词在固定搭配中的考查主要有以下几种形式：（1）与动词搭配，如：）与动词搭配，如：remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事；提醒某人某事；rob sb.of sth.抢劫抢劫某人某物；某人某物；go back to/date from追溯至；追溯至；exchange.for.把把兑换成兑换成（2）与名词或代词搭配，如：）与名词或代词搭配，如：by accident偶然；偶然；by oneself靠自己靠自己（3）与形容词搭配，如：）与形容词搭配，如：be curious about对对感到好奇；感到好奇；be proud of因因而自豪而自豪 当空格后的名词当空格后的名词(前面一般有限定词前面一般有限定词)、代词代词或或动名词动名词在句中在句中不作主语不作主语、表语表语，也不作动词的也不作动词的宾语宾语时，那就是作介词的宾语，那么空格处填介词。时，那就是作介词的宾语，那么空格处填介词。具体填什么介词具体填什么介词,可能是可能是1.由介词与该名词的搭配及其意义来决定由介词与该名词的搭配及其意义来决定；2.也可能是由动词与介词的句式搭配来决定也可能是由动词与介词的句式搭配来决定；3.也可能是由形容词与介词的句式搭配来决定也可能是由形容词与介词的句式搭配来决定；4.也可能也可能根据特殊的结构关系，如根据特殊的结构关系，如with或或without等等 1.【2019新课标I卷63】Modem methods _ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.典例2【2018新课标III卷67】I was searching _ these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing.of/forfor_ 3.2020课标全国卷 Bamboo plants are associated _ health,abundance and a happy home.with单句语法填空单句语法填空1.2020新高考卷 Museums must compete_ peoples spare time and money with other amusements.for解析解析 考查介词。句意：博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语compete for，意为“竞争”。故填for。_2(2020全国卷)The artist was finally humbled(谦卑)by the greatest artist _earth,Mother Nature.解析解析 考查介词。句意：这位画家终于在世界上最伟大的画家大自然面前感到了谦卑。on earth 意为“世界上”，为固定搭配，故填on。3.2021全国甲卷62 It was built originally to protect the city _ Tang Dynasty.in解析解析 考查介词。在.朝代，应用介词 in on_4.2016全国卷 In India,for example,most people traditionally eat In India,for example,most people traditionally eat _ their hands._ their hands.with解析解析 考查介词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处需要用介词with与后面的their own crafts构成介宾短语，表示“用，凭借”，故填with。_代 词 在语法填空中的在语法填空中的纯空格题中纯空格题中，缺主语或宾语，一，缺主语或宾语，一般般是填是填代词或名词代词或名词（多考（多考代词代词，要特别注意，要特别注意it 的用法。的用法。it it用作形式主、宾语用作形式主、宾语,特殊句式等特殊句式等点点5it的用法的用法代词Its quite hot here in summer,isnt it?Its early midnight now.Its about an hours drive from here to Nanchang.指代日期、时间、季节、天气、温度、距离、重量、环境、情况等形式成分形式主语It is difficult to understand why she barks every minute she is outside.真正的主语由不定式、动词-ing形式或从句充当形式宾语Susan made it clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.真正的宾语由不定式、动词-ing形式或从句充当强调句型It was under the bed that my brother hid the ball this morning.It is Mr Bell who/that often comes and looks after the old man.指人时可以用who或that,其他情况一律用that 1.it作形式主语作形式主语(to do/doing/从句从句)1）真正主语是）真正主语是(to do/doing)。如：。如：It is+adj./n/+(for sb/of sb)+to do It is important for you to learn English well.It is nice of you to help me.It is no good/no use/a waste of time doing Its no use crying over spilt milk.It takes sb.some time to do sth.It takes me years to master a foreign language.2）真正主语是主语从句。常见句型如下：）真正主语是主语从句。常见句型如下：a.It+be+名词名词+主语从句。主语从句。It is a great pity(that)he cant swim.*It is a pity/a shame/an honor/no surprise/no wonder that.b.It+be+形容词形容词+主语从句主语从句。eg.It is obvious that walking is good for us.(clear,certain,impossible,natural,obvious,possible等等)c.It+动词的被动语态动词的被动语态+主语从句。如：主语从句。如：*It is said/reported/believed/supposed/thought/known/proved/announced/expected that.2.it作形式宾语作形式宾语1)主语主语+vt.+it+adj./n.+(for sb.)+to do/doing/that clause.常见动词：常见动词：make,find,feel,think,consider 等等 I find it interesting to do the task.He felt it his duty to take good care of them.I think it a pity that you didnt try harder.2）