考研英语-必考点专题分析详解总结

考研英语必考点专题分析详解 例证题 真题来源 2009英语Text 4 ①We should not forget, however, that most New Englanders were less well educated. ②While few craftsmen or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized. ③Their thinking often had a traditional superstitious quality. ④A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs. ⑤Sexual confusion, economic frustrations, and religious hope—all came together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: “Come out from among them, touch no unclean thing, and I will be your God and you shall be my people.” ⑥One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the Bible that he heard in Puritan churches. 39. The story of John Dane shows that less well-educated New Englanders were often ______. [A] influenced by superstitions [B] troubled with religious beliefs [C] puzzled by church sermons [D] frustrated with family earnings 题目解析 39. 解析： 题干中的the story of John Dane很明显是一个具体的例子，shows一词表明这是一道例证题，问的是这个例子所反映的观点。 John Dane的故事出现在第四段句④至句⑥，而按照西方人的写作习惯，观点一般都出现在例子的前面，因此我们重点看句③。 这句话指出，他们的想法往往带有传统的迷信色彩(Their thinking often had a traditional superstitious quality)。“他们”指的就是句①中提到的并未受过良好教育的新英格兰人，刚好对应题干中的信息。 因此本题应选A，其中superstitions对应句③中的superstitious。 ★破题点 例证题的解题原则只有一个，那就是例子支撑的永远是观点 干扰选项分析： 例证题最常见的干扰信息就是讨论例子本身，就事论事。选项B、C和 D分别针对本段句⑤中的religious hope、句⑥中的“sermons … in Puritan churches”和句⑤中的economic frustrations设置干扰，它们都属于例子的细节信息，而不是例子要证明的观点。对于例证题，同学们在阅读选项时一定要尽量绕开直接谈论例子的选项。 真题来源 2017英语一Text 1 ①Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. ②The crash of EgyptAir Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. ③But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. ④And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans’ economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating. 21. The crash of EgyptAir Flight 804 is mentioned to ______. [A] explain American’s tolerance of current security checks [B] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide [C] highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S. airports [D] emphasize the importance of privacy protection 题目解析 21. 解析： 本题是一道例证题，这种题型的解题思路只有一个，那就是例子支撑的永远是观点。 埃及航空804航班坠毁这个事例出现在第二段句②，而按照西方人的写作习惯，观点一般都出现在例子的前面，因此我们重点看句①。 该句指出，为了提升安全性，美国人愿意忍受费时的安检程序(Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures)。 因此，文中提及埃及航空804航班的坠毁是为了解释美国人为何愿意容忍当前费时的安检，故本题应选A，其中tolerance of current security checks对应句①中的tolerate time-consuming security procedures。 ★破题点 例证题的解题思路只有一个，那就是例子支撑的永远是观点，也就是说，只有找到观点才能找到正确答案。 干扰选项分析： 本段讨论的是航空旅行安全方面的问题，选项B却将其放大为“全球安全”，与原文不符，故排除。 文中并未提及有必要对美国主要机场进行升级，选项C属于无中生有，故排除。 选项D针对本段句④中的private lives设置干扰，原文是说浪费的时间对美国人的个人生活是一种拖累(Wasted time is a drag on Americans’ … private lives)，与“隐私保护”无关，故该选项与原文不符，故排除。 细节题 真题来源 2009英语Text 1 Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on autopilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd,” William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negative implication. So it seems paradoxical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks. Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits. In fact, the more new things we try—the more we step outside our comfort zone—the more inherently creative we become, both in the workplace and in our personal lives. But don’t bother trying to kill off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the brain, they’re there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately press into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads. “The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,” says Dawna Markova, author of The Open Mind. “But we are taught instead to ‘decide’, just as our president calls himself ‘the Decider’.” She adds, however, that “to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.” All of us work through problems in ways of which we’re unaware, she says. Researchers in the late 1960 discovered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. At t