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1、1.名词考点讲解和训练12.形容词、副词考点讲解和训练53.动词考点讲解和训练124.代词考点讲解和训练265.冠词、数词考点讲解和训练286.介词、连词考点讲解和训练337.宾语从句考点讲解和训练398.定语从句考点讲解和训练429.状语语从句考点讲解和训练4610.主谓一致考点讲解和训练5011.短语动词和句型考点讲解和训练5412.交际用语考点讲解和训练6313.单项填空考点讲解和训练6914.完型填空考点讲解和训练7515.阅读理解考点讲解和训练8516.短文填空考点讲解和训练9917.补全对话考点讲解和训练10018.书面表达考点讲解和训练10019.英语句子的考点集汇，讲解和训练1
2、081.名词考点讲解和训练【考点直击】1.可数名词和不可数名词的用法2.名词所有格的构成及用法3.近义名词的辨析【名师点睛】一、名词的数1.单数和复数:可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“-s”构成，其主要变法如下:(1)一般情况在词尾加-S,例如:book-*books girl-*girls,boy-*boys penpens,doctorf doctors,boy-boys(2)以s,x,ch,s h,结尾的词加-e s,例如：bus-*buses,class-*classes,box-*boxes,watchwatches,brush-*brushes(3)
3、以 ce,se,ze,(d)ge 结尾的名词加 s,例 如:orange-orangeso(4)以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es,例如：city-cities,factory-factories,countrycountries,familyf families.但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数 形式只加 s,如：boy-*,boys,day-*days(5)以 o 结尾的词多数都加-es。例如：herof heroes,potato-*potatoes,tomato-*tomatoes,但词末为两个元音字母的词只加-s.例如：zoozoos,rad io-*radio
4、s,还有某些外来词也 只 力 口-s,例如：photophotos,pianopianos(6)以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f为v再加-e s,例如：knifeknives,leaf-*leaves,half-halves复数词尾s(或e s)的读音方法如下表所示.复数词尾s(或e s)的读音方法词何等清辅音后一maps,cats,desks,cakes,z,sh,ch,es等元音后noses,pages,oranges,buses,watches,facesb,d,g，M，r 等浊辅音后dogs,cities,knives(7)少数名词有不规则的复数形式，例如：man-men,woman-wo
5、men,toothTeeth,foot-feet,child children,mouse mice【注意】与 man和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men和-women.例如：an Englishman,two Englishmen.但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；man,woman等作定语时，它的单复数以 其所修饰的名词的单复数而定，如：men workers,women teacherso有个别名词单复数一样,例如：Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish等。但当fish表示不同种类的时，可以加复数词尾。(8 单数形式但其意为复数
6、的名词有：people,police等。(9)数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式，中间加连字符。ten-minutes*walk,an 8-year-old girl,a ten-mile walk(10)还有些名词仅有复数形式，如：trousers,clothes,chopsticks,glasses,goods,ashes,scissors,compasses(1 1)只用作单数的复数形式的名词有：科学名词：physics,mathematics/maths 游戏名称：bowls专有名词：the United States,Niagara Falls 其他名词：news,fall
7、s2.不可数名词“量”的表示方法：在英语中，不可数名词如果要表示“量”的概念，可以用以下两种方法：(1)用 much,a little,a lot of/lots of,some,any 等表示多少，例如:The rich man has a lot of money.There is some milk in the bottle.Is there any water in the glass?I dont like winter because theres too much snow and ice.（2）用 a piece o f 这类定语，例如：a piece of paper a
8、piece of wood a piece of breada bottle of orange a glass of water（milk）a cup of teaa cup of tea a bag of rice three bags of rice如果要表示“两杯茶”、“四张纸”这类概念时，在容器后加复数，例如：two cups of tea four pieces of paper three glasses of water不可数名词也可用a lot of,lots of,some,any,much等来修饰。二、名词的所有格：名词所有格，用来表示人或物的所有，以及领属关系。1.表示
9、有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加s,其复数形式是s,例如：a students room,students*rooms,fathers shoes.2.如其结尾不是s 的复数形式仍加s,如：Childrens Day.3.在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用s,例如：a twenty minutes walk,ten miles journey,a boats length,two pounds*weight,ten dollars wortho4.无生命名词的所有格则必须用 of 结构,例如:a map of China,the end of this term
10、,the capital of our country,the color of the flowers5.双重所有格，例如：a friend of my fathers【注意】如果两个名词并列，并且分别有s,则表示“分别有”，例如：Johns and Mary，s rooms（约翰和玛 丽各有一间，共两间）；Toms and Mary,s bikes（两人各自的自行车）。两个名词并列,只有个s,则表示“共有”,例如：John and Marys room（约翰和玛丽共有一间）；Tom and Marys mother（即 Tom 与 Mary 是兄妹）【实例解析】1.These have s
11、aved many childrens lives.A.woman doctors B.women doctor C.women doctors D.woman doctor答案：C。该题考查的是名词作定语时的变化。woman作定语时要和被修饰的名词保持数的一致。2.This is bedroom.The twin sisters like it very much.A.Anne and Jane B.Annes and Janes C.Annes and Jane D.Anne and Janes 答案：D o 该题考查的是并列名词的所有格。两人共有一个房间时，只在后面的名词后加s。3.Ar
12、e there any on the farm?-Y es,there are some.A.horse B.duck C.chicken D.sheep答案：D o该题考查的是特殊名词的复数形式。从谓语动词来判断，主语应该是复数名词。只有sheep可 用作复数名词。4.What would you like to dr i nk,or orange?Orange,please.A.hamburger B.chip C.tea答案：C o 该题考查的是名词的类别。三种东西中只有tea能喝,【中考演练】一.单项填空1.-Where have you been,Tim?-Ive been to.A
13、.the Henry house B.the Henry family C.The Henr/s home D.Henrys2.In England,if is in the middle of the day,the evening meal is called supper.A.food B.lunch C.breakfast D.dinner3.You looked for it twice,but you havent found it.Why not t ry.A.three times B.a third time C.the third time D.once4.They are
14、 thirsty.Will you please give t hem?Certainly.A.some bottles of waters B.some bottles of water C.some bottle of water D.some bottle of waters5.Mike hurt one of his in the accident yesterday.A.tooth B.feet C.hand D.ear6.There is some on the plate.A.cakes B.meat C.potato D.pears7.In England,the last n
15、ame is the.A.family name B.middle C.given name D.full name8.The are going to fly to Beijing.A.Germen B.Germany C.Germanys D.Germans9.The has two.A.boys;watches B.boy;watch C.boy;watches D.boys;watch10.The little baby has two already.A.tooth B.tooths C.teeth D.teeths11.Whafs your for being late again
16、?A.idea B.key C.excuse D.news12.-Its dangerous here.Wed better go out quickly.But I think we should let go out first.A.woman and children B.women and childC.woman and child D.women and children13.You can see Mr.Smith if there is a sign on the door of his shop.-Thanks.A.ENTRANCE B.BUSINESS HOURS C.THIS SIDE UP D.NO SMOKING14.Are they going to have a picnic on?A.Childrens Day B.Childrens Day C.Childrens Day D.Children Day15.Where are the students?Are they in?A.the Room 406 B.Room 406 C.the 406 Roo
