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1、 考研汉语新难词英译Note:1 素养训练 education for all-round development 万能作文背诵版上写的是：Quality Education，我看不好，素养是多方面的，Quality最多可用来说人的品质吧。2 EQ分两种，一种为训练商数Educational quotient，另一种情感商数Emotional quotient同理，IQ为Intelligence quotient-汉语新难词英译时代飞速进展，汉语新难词不断涌现，翻译时颇难下笔，还有一些政策性很强的词句，翻译时颇费斟酌。故而，中国译协中译外委员会（由来自外交部、中心编译局、中国外交局、新华社、中
2、国国际播送电台、中国日报社的专家学者组成）定期组织研讨会议，争论并标准目前外宣工作中的汉语新难词，向社会公布，以正视听。以下选摘局部（均已注明出处，以显有据可稽）。经济词汇保险业 the insurance industry保证重点指出 ensure funding for priority areas补发拖欠的养老金 clear up pension payments in arrears不良贷款 non-performing loan层层转包和违法分包 mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting城乡信用社 credit coope
3、rative in both urban and rural areas城镇居民最低生活保障 a minimum standard of living for city residents城镇职工医疗保障制度 the system of medical insurance for urban workers出口信贷 export credit贷款质量 loan quality贷款质量五级分类方法 the five-category assets classification for bank loans防范和化解金融风险 take precautions against and reduce
4、financial risks防洪工程 flood-prevention project非法外汇交易 illegal foreign exchange transaction非贸易收汇 foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels非银行金融机构 non-bank financial institutions费改税 transform administrative fees into taxes跟踪审计 foolow-up auditing工程监理制度 the monitoring system for projects国有资产安全 th
5、e safety of state-owned assets过度开垦 excess reclamation合同治理制度 the contract system for governing projects乐观的财政政策 pro-active fiscal policy根本生活费 basic allowance解除劳动关系 sever labor relation金融监管责任制 the responsibility system for financial supervision经济安全 economic security靠扩大财政赤字搞建立 to increase the deficit to
6、 spend more on development扩大国内需求 the expansion of domestic demand拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth粮食仓库 grain depot粮食收购企业 grain collection and storage enterprise粮食收购资金实行封闭运行 closed operation of grain purchase funds粮食销售市场 grain sales market劣质工程 shoddy engineering乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款 arbitrary charges,fund-raising,qu
7、otas and fines骗汇、逃汇、套汇 obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign owedto the government and illegal arbitrage融资渠道 financing channels商业信贷原则 the principles for commercial credit社会保险机构 social security institution失业保险金 unemployment insurance benefits偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税 tax evasion, tax
8、 fraud and refusal to pay taxes外汇收支 foreign exchange revenue and spending以上摘自中国翻译2022年其次期安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents信息化 information-based; informationization智力密集型 concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive外资企业 overseas-funded enterprises下岗职工 laid-off workers分流 repositi
9、on of redundant personnel三角债 chain debts素养训练 education for all-round development豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects社会治安状况 law-and-order situation民族国家 nation state以上选摘自中国翻译2022年第一期“*” “independence of Taiwan“台湾* Taiwan authorities台湾同胞 Taiwan compatriots台湾是中国领土不行分割的一局部。Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chin
10、ese territory.西部大开发 Development of the West Regions可持续性进展 sustainable development风险投资 risk investment通货紧缩 deflation扩大内需 to expand domestic demand计算机帮助教学 computer-assisted instruction ( CAI )网络空间 cyberspace虚拟现实 virtual reality网民 netizen ( net citizen )电脑犯罪 computer crime电子商务 the e-business网上购物 shoppi
11、ng online应试训练 exam-oriented education学生减负 to reduce study load以上选摘自Beijing Review2022年第13期-以下摘自简论汉英新词新语的翻译-杨全红重庆交通学院外语系“厄尔尼诺”（EL Nino）“拉尼娜”（La Nina）“智商”（IQ）“情商”（EQ）“第三产业”（third/tertiary industry,service sector,third sequence of enterprises）“第四产业”（quaternary/information industry）“军嫂”（military spouse）
12、“峰会”（香港译“极峰会议”）”：summit(conference)；“克隆”clone;“冰毒”ice;“摇头丸”dancing outreach;“传销”multi level marketing;“（计算机）2022年问题”Y2K problem(y for year,k for kilo or thousand)；“白皮书”white paper(不是white cover book)“傻瓜相机”Instamatic(商标名，焦距、镜头均固定，被称为foolproof相机)；“白条”IOU note（IOU：债款、债务，由I owe you 的读音缩略转义而来）；“巡回聘请”milk
13、 round（一种聘请毕业生的方式，大公司走访各大学及学院，向求职者介绍本公司状况并与报名者晤谈）。“减员增效”increase efficiency by downsizing staff；“抓大放小”manage large enterprises well while ease control over small ones；“市政府要办的X件实事”x major projects that should be given top priority asdesignated on the municipal governments working agenda；“两个根本点”two fo
14、cal points，two of the major points of the line set bythe 13th Congress of the CPC，I.e.upholding the four cardinalprinciples and the policies reform，opening to the outsideworld and invigorating domestic economy。“投资热点”a region attractive to investors，a muchsought piece of hand，popular investment spot“移动电话”本系cellular（有时简作cel）或mobile（tele）phone“三角债”chain debts或debt chains“拳头
