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1、油菜排种器摘 要油菜排种的发展方向将是向高科技化方向发展，制造出适用性强的油菜排种很有发展市场，对不同地区开发出不同的油菜排种是很有发展前途的。由此，相应的制造出高性能的油菜排种是国外收获机的发展概况。该油菜排种油菜排种可一次性完成排种、油菜排种、分离和装袋作业。该机体积小、重量轻，操作灵活，通过性与适应性好，较好地解决了大、中型油菜排种在丘陵、山区和水田难以排种的难题。油菜排种试验机适用于航空航天、石油化工、机械制造、金属材料及制品、电线电缆、橡塑胶、纸品及彩印包装、胶粘带、箱包手袋、纺织纤维、食品、制药等行业。可测试各种材料及成品、半成品的拉、压、弯、剪等物理性能，选购各种不同的夹具可做抗
2、拉、抗压、持拉、持压、抗弯、撕裂、剥离、黏着力、剪力等试验。排种试验是指在承受轴向排种载荷下测定材料特性的试验方法。利用排种试验得到的数据可以确定材料的弹性极限、伸长率、弹性模量、比例极限、面积缩减量、排种强度、屈服点、屈服强度和其它排种性能指标。从高温下进行的排种试验可以得到蠕变数据。金属排种试验的步骤可参见ASTM E-8标准。塑料排种试验的方法参见ASTM D-638标准、D-2289标准（高应变率）和D-882标准（薄片材）。ASTM D-2343标准规定了适用于玻璃纤维的排种试验方法；ASTM D-897标准中规定了适用于粘结剂的排种试验方法；ASTM D-412标准中规定了硬橡胶的
3、排种试验方法。1.准备试件。用刻线机在原始标距范围内刻划圆周线（或用小钢冲打小冲点），将标距内分为等长的10格。用游标卡尺在试件原始标距内的两端及中间处两个相互垂直的方向上各测一次直径，取其算术平均值作为该处截面的直径，然后选用三处截面直径的最小值来计算试件的原始截面面积A。（取三位有效数字）。2.调整试验机。根据低碳钢的抗拉强度b和原始横截面面积估算试件的最大载荷，配置相应的摆锤，选择合适的测力度盘。开动试验机，使工作台上升10mm左右，以消除工作台系统自重的影响。调整主动指针对准零点，从动指针与主动指针靠拢，调整好自动绘图装置。关键词：油菜排种油菜排种；油菜排种； 改进设计Abstract
4、 The development direction of harvester will be to high-tech direction, making out the applicability of harvester is the development of the market, is very promising for different regions developed different harvester. Thus, the corresponding manufacturing combine high performance is the development
5、 of foreign harvester. The rice combine harvester can complete harvesting, threshing, separation and bagging operations at one time. The machine has the advantages of small volume, light weight, flexible operation, through and good adaptability, can better solve the problem of big, medium-sized harv
6、ester to harvest in the hilly, mountainous and paddy field. Thus, the corresponding manufacturing combine high performance is the development of foreign harvester. The rice combine harvester can complete harvesting, threshing, separation and bagging operations at one time. The machine has the advant
7、ages of small volume, light weight, flexible operation, through and good adaptability, can better solve the problem of big, medium-sized harvester to harvest in the hilly, mountainous and paddy field.Thus, the corresponding manufacturing combine high performance is the development of foreign harvest
8、er. The rice combine harvester can complete harvesting, threshing, separation and bagging operations at one time. The machine has the advantages of small volume, light weight, flexible operation, through and good adaptability, can better solve the problem of big, medium-sized harvester to harvest in
9、 the hilly, mountainous and paddy field.Thus, the corresponding manufacturing combine high performance is the development of foreign harvester. The rice combine harvester can complete harvesting, threshing, separation and bagging operations at one time. The machine has the advantages of small volume
10、, light weight, flexible operation, through and good adaptability, can better solve the problem of big, medium-sized harvester to harvest in the hilly, mountainous and paddy field.Thus, the corresponding manufacturing combine high performance is the development of foreign harvester. The rice combine
11、 harvester can complete harvesting, threshing, separation and bagging operations at one time. The machine has the advantages of small volume, light weight, flexible operation, through and good adaptability, can better solve the problem of big, medium-sized harvester to harvest in the hilly, mountain
12、ous and paddy field.Thus, the corresponding manufacturing combine high performance is the development of foreign harvester. The rice combine harvester can complete harvesting, threshing, separation and bagging operations at one time. The machine has the advantages of small volume, light weight, flex
13、ible operation, through and good adaptability, can better solve the problem of big, medium-sized harvester to harvest in the hilly, mountainous and paddy field.Key Words: rice thresher threshing; improved design;19目 录摘 要IIIAbstractIV目 录V第1章 绪论1第2章 总体方案确定22.1 油菜排种工作原理22.2油菜排种总体设计32.2.1油菜排种的类型定位32.2.2
14、 油菜排种的整机结构及选择32.2.3 油菜排种油菜排种的工作流程3第3章 油菜排种结构设计43.1 排种原理43.2 油菜排种类型选择4第4章 动力的选择64.1 整机消耗的功率计算64.1.1 油菜排种的功率消耗的计算64.1.2 撑板强度计算64.2 电机的选择7第5章 轴的设计与计算155.1 轴的材料选择155.2 轴的最小直径确定155.3 轴的结构设计155.4 轴的校核16第6章 键连接选择196.1撑板的设计246.1.1 撑板类型的确定246.1.2 撑板直径的确定246.2 撑板与滚筒之间间隙的确定25结论26参考文献27致 谢28第1章 绪论油菜排种的发展方向将是向高科
15、技化方向发展，制造出适用性强的油菜排种很有发展市场，对不同地区开发出不同的油菜排种是很有发展前途的。由此，相应的制造出高性能的油菜排种是国外收获机的发展概况。该油菜排种油菜排种可一次性完成排种、油菜排种、分离和装袋作业。该机体积小、重量轻，操作灵活，通过性与适应性好，较好地解决了大、中型油菜排种在丘陵、山区和水田难以排种的难题。油菜排种试验机适用于航空航天、石油化工、机械制造、金属材料及制品、电线电缆、橡塑胶、纸品及彩印包装、胶粘带、箱包手袋、纺织纤维、食品、制药等行业。可测试各种材料及成品、半成品的拉、压、弯、剪等物理性能，选购各种不同的夹具可做抗拉、抗压、持拉、持压、抗弯、撕裂、剥离、黏着
16、力、剪力等试验。排种试验是指在承受轴向排种载荷下测定材料特性的试验方法。利用排种试验得到的数据可以确定材料的弹性极限、伸长率、弹性模量、比例极限、面积缩减量、排种强度、屈服点、屈服强度和其它排种性能指标。从高温下进行的排种试验可以得到蠕变数据。金属排种试验的步骤可参见ASTM E-8标准。塑料排种试验的方法参见ASTM D-638标准、D-2289标准（高应变率）和D-882标准（薄片材）。ASTM D-2343标准规定了适用于玻璃纤维的排种试验方法；ASTM D-897标准中规定了适用于粘结剂的排种试验方法；ASTM D-412标准中规定了硬橡胶的排种试验方法。1.准备试件。用刻线机在原始标距范围内刻划圆周线
