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1、外文翻译译文外文出处：PistonPumpsInaxialpistonpumpsofthein-linetype,wherethecylindersandthedriveshaftareparallel,thereciprocatingmotioniscreatedbyacamplate,alsoknownasawobbleplate,tiltingplate,orswashplate.Thisplateliesinaplaneplatethatcutsacrossthecenterlineofthedriveshaftandcylinderbarrelanddoesnotrotate.Ina
2、fixed-displacementpump,thecamplatewillberigidlymountedinapositionsothatitintersectsthecenterlineofthecylinderbarrelatanangleapproximately25degreesfromperpendicular.Variabledeliveryaxialpistonpumpsaredesigned,sothattheanglethatthecamplatemakeswithaperpendiculartothecenterlineofthecylinderbarrelmaybev
3、ariedfromzeroto20or25degreestooneorbothsides.OneendofeachpistonrodisheldincontactwiththecamplateasthecylinderblockandpistonassemblyrotateswiththedriveshaftThiscausesthepistonstoreciprocatewithinthecylinders.Thelengthofthepistonstrokeisproportionaltotheanglethatthecamplateissetfromperpendiculartothec
4、enterlineofthecylinderbarrel.Avariationofaxialpistonpumpisthebent-axistypeshowninfiguretypedoesnothaveatiltingcamplateasthein-linepumpdoes.Instead,thecylinderblockaxialisvariedfromthedriveshaftaxis.Theendsoftheconnectingrodsareretainedinsocketsonadiscthatturnswiththedriveshaft.Thecylinderblockisturn
5、edwiththedriveshaftbyauniversaljointassemblyattheintersectionofthedriveshaftandthecylinderblockshaft,Inordertovarythepumpdisplacement,thecylinderblockshaftandvalveplatearemountedinayokeandtheentireassemblyisswunginanarearoundapairofmountingpintlesattackedtothepumphousing.IVALVIMGVAA.VK-Figure4T4Bent
6、-axisaxialpistonpumpThepumpingactionoftheaxialpistonpumpismadepossiblebyauniversaljointorlink.Figure4-15isaseriesofdrawingsthatillustrateshowtheuniversaljointisusedintheoperationofthispump.First,arockerarmisinstalledonahorizontalshaft.(Seefig4-15viewA)Thearmisjoinedtotheshaftbyapinsothatitcanbeswung
7、backandforth,asindicatedinviewBoNext,aringisplacedaroundtheshaftandsecuredtotherockerarmsotheringcanturnfromlefttorightasshowninviewC,Thisprovidestworotarymotionsindifferentplanesatthesametimeandinvaryingproportionsasmaybedesired.Therockerarmcanswingbackandforthinonearc5andtheringcansimultaneouslymo
8、vefromlefttorightinanotherarcJnaplaneatrightanglestotheplaneinwhichtherockerarcturns.Next,atiltingplateisaddedtotheassembly.Thetiltingplateisplacedataslanttotheaxialoftheshaft,asdepictedinfigure4-15,viewD.Therockerarmisthenslantedatthesameangleasthetiltingplate,sothatitliesparalleltothetiltingplate.
9、Theringisalsoparallelto.andincontactwith,thetiltingplate.Thepositionoftheringinrelationtotherockerarmisunchangedfromthatshowninfigure4-15,viewC.Figure4-15viewEshowstheassemblyaftertheshaft,stillinahorizontalpositionJiasbeenrotatedaquarterturn.Therockerarmisstillinthesamepositionasthetiltingplateando
10、scarnowperpendiculartotheaxialoftheshaftTheringhasturnedontherockerpinstripe,sothatithaschangeditspositioninrelationtotherockerarm,butitremainsparallelto,andincontactwiththetiltingplate.ViewFoffigure4-15showstheassemblyaftertheshafthasbeenrotatedanotherquarterturn.Thepartsarenowinthesamepositionassh
11、owninviewD,butwiththeendsoftherockerarmreversed,Theringstillbearsagainstthetiltingplate.Astheshaftcontinuestorotate.therockerarmandtheringturnabouttheirpivots,witheachchangingitsrelationtotheotherandwiththeringalwaysbearingontheplate.Figure4-15,viewGwheeladdedtotheassembly.Thewheelisplaceduprightand
12、fixedtotheshaft,sothatrotateswiththeshaft.Inaddition,tworodsAandB,arelooselyconnectedtothetiltingringandextendthroughtwoholessandingoppositeeachotherinthefixedwheel.Astheshaftisrotated,thefixedwheelturnsperpendiculartotheshaftatalltimes.Thetiltingringrotateswiththeshaftandalwaysremainstilted,sinceit
13、remainsincontactwiththetiltingplate.ReferringtoviewG,thedistancealongrodA,fromthetiltingringtothefixedwheel,isgreaterthanthedistancealongrodB.AstheassemblyisrotatedJiowever,thedistancealongrodAdecreasesasitspointofattachmenttothetiltingringmovesclosertothefixedwheel,whilethedistancealongrodBincrease
14、s.Thesechangescontinueuntilafterahalfrevolution,atwhichtimetheinitialpositionsoftherodshavebeenreversed.Afteranotherhalfrevolution,thetworodswillagainbeintheiroriginalpositions.Astheassemblyrotates,therodsmoveinandoutthroughtheholesinthefixedwheel.Thisisthewaytheaxialpistonpumpworks.Togetapumpingact
15、ion,placepistonsattheendsoftherods,beyondthefixedwheelandinsertthemintocylinder.Therodsmustbeconnectedtothepistonsandtothewheelbyballandsocketjoints.Astheassemblyrotates.eachpistonmovesbackandforthinitscylinder.Suctionanddischargelinescanbearrangedsothatliquidentersthecylinderwhilethespacesbetweenth
16、epistonheadsandthebasesofthecylinderareincreasingandleavesthecylinderduringtheotherhalfeachrevolutionwhenthepistonsaremovingintheoppositedirection.Themainpartsofthepumparethedriveshaft,pistons,cylinderblock,andvalveandswashplates,Therearetwopartsinthevalveplate.ThesePortsmouthconnectdirectlytoopeningsinthefaceofthecylinderblock.Fluidisdrawnintooneportandforcedouttheotherportbythereciprocatingactionofthepistons.(A)Figure4-15Relationshipoftheuniversaljointino
