……………………………………………………………最新资料推荐…………………………………………………芬蘭的環境相關法令http://www.lexadin.nl/wlg/legis/nofr/eur/lxwefin.htmEnvironmental Law Act on Jointly Owned Forests Act on Mets allitusAct on Trade in Forest Reproductive MaterialAct on Water Services (119/2001) Act on the Financing of Sustainable ForestryDecree on the Financing of Sustainable Forestry Environmental Protection Act Forest Act 1996Forest DecreeForest Management Association ActForest Management Association DecreeNature Conservation Act (1096/1996) Waste Act (1072/1993) Waste Oil Charge Act (894/1986) N:o 86/2000 Issued in Helsinki, February 4, 2000 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT By decision of Parliament the following is enacted: Chapter 1 General provisionsSection 1 Objective of the Act The objective of this Act is: 1) to prevent the pollution of the environment and to repair and reduce damage caused by pollution; 2) to safeguard a healthy, pleasant ecologically diverse and sustainable environment; 3) to prevent the generation and the harmful effects of waste; 4) to improve and integrate assessment of the impact of activities that pollute the environment; 5) to improve citizens' opportunities to influence decisions concerning the environment; 6) to promote sustainable use of natural resources; and 7) to combat climate change and otherwise support sustainable development. Section 2 Scope of application This Act applies to all activities that lead or may lead to environmental pollution as laid down below. This Act also applies to activities that generate waste, and to the recovery and disposal of waste. This Act does not apply to activities prescribed upon in the Act on the Prevention of Pollution From Ships (300/1979) nor in the Act on the Protection of the Sea (1415/1994). Nor does this Act apply to prevention of the harmful effects of radiation in so far as it is prescribed upon in the Nuclear Energy Act (990/1987) or the Radiation Act (592/1991), nor to prevention of pollution of bodies of water as laid down in the Agreement on Frontier Rivers (SopS 54/1971) between Finland and Sweden. Exceptions to the application of this Act may be laid down by decree if so required by national security, emergency supply or the special nature of the Defence Forces' activities. The provisions of international agreements on the protection of the seas that are binding on Finland shall be observed when this Act is applied. In addition, what is laid down elsewhere in the law shall be observed pertaining to prevention of environmental pollution. Section 3 Definitions 2 In this Act: 1) environmental pollution refers to such emission or deposit of a substance, energy, noise, vibration, radiation, light, heat or odour caused by human activity in the environment that either alone or together with other emissions: a) causes harm to health; b) causes harm to nature and its functioning; c) prevents or materially hinders the use of natural resources; d) decreases the general amenity of the environment or degenerates special cultural values; e) reduces the environment's suitability for general recreation purposes; f) damages or harms property or its use; or g) constitutes a comparable violation of the public or private good. 2) activity that poses a threat of environmental pollution refers to the founding or use of an installation, the use of an area or the arrangement of activities in such a way as may result in environmental pollution; 3) harm to health refers to illnesses diagnosed in people, other disturbances of health or the presence of a factor or circumstance that may impair the health of the population or the healthiness of an individual's living environment; 4) best available technique refers to methods of production and treatment that are as efficient and advanced as possible and technologically and economically feasible, and to methods of designing, constructing, maintenance and operation with which the pollutive effect of activities can be prevented or most efficiently reduced; 5) operator refers to natural and legal persons who are engaged in activities that pose a risk of pollution or who are de facto responsible for such activities; 6) water body refers to water areas referred to in chapter 1, section 1, paragraph 2, and to territorial waters referred to in section 3 of the Water Act (264/1961); and 7) groundwater refers to water in the ground or in bedrock. A technique is technologically and economically feasible when it is generally available and may be applied in the relevant field at a reasonable cost. More detailed provisions concerning the factors to be taken into account when defining the best available technique shall be laid down by decree. Section 4 General principles The following principles apply to activities that pose a risk of pollution: 1) harmful environmental impact shall be prevented or, when it cannot be prevented compl。