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1、1NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Runway Awareness and Advisory System (RAAS)跑道感知与咨询系统 Runway Awareness and Advisory System2NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China It is well recognized that runway incursions and overruns are a high-profile operational safety issue wor
2、ldwide. For example, the USA is currently experiencing at least one runway incursion per day at towered airports alone. Safety data indicate that lack of flight crew position awareness during ground operations and on approach have contributed to such occurrences worldwide. Recent industry safety rec
3、ommendations advocate the need for new flight deck runway incursion prevention systems. Honeywell has developed the RAAS as a practical and low-cost system with significant input from hundreds of pilots. Extensive human factors evaluations confirm the positive operational safety benefits of RAAS: in
4、creased position awareness; enhanced crew decision-making; reduced crew workload; and superior detection of position errors leading to runway incursions.Runway Awareness and Advisory System (RAAS)3NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China The purpose of the RAAS is to provide the flight cr
5、ew with supplemental information of aircraft position relative to runways during surface operations and on final approach. RAAS is an aural-only advisory function, and therefore, a visual display of the information is not provided. RAAS provides timely aural advisory messages to the flight crew in a
6、 significant number of scenarios that have led to runway incursions. It should be noted that RAAS is not intended for navigation purposes, e.g., to guide an aircraft in or around the terminal area. RAAS is integrated with the EGPWS. EGPWS protection and operation is unaltered by the addition of RAAS
7、. Note that RAAS advisories have a lower priority than any EGPWS terrain-related alerts, including radio altitude call-outs.Runway Awareness and Advisory System (RAAS)4NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China The RAAS uses aircraft inputs within the EGPWS such as GPS position, heading, gr
8、oundspeed and a runway database to generate the ten aural advisories shown in the tables 1and 2. Note that GPS availability is a requirement for the operation of RAAS. Aircraft position is referenced to the GPS antenna position. RAAS does not have knowledge of taxiways, Automatic Terminal Informatio
9、n Service (ATIS) & Notice to Airmen (NOTAM) information, other traffic, pilot intent, ATC clearance, ground markings and signage. Crews should be cognizant of the prevailing ATIS and any NOTAMs. RAAS operates automatically, without any action required from the flight crew.The Principle of RAAS 5NBAA
10、 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China RAAS advisories are heard over the same aircraft audio systems that presently provide EGPWS audio caution and warning alerts in the flight deck. The volume of RAAS messages is controlled by the EGPWS and the RAAS message volume level is based on the ex
11、pected flight operation for each advisory. RAAS operates automatically, without any action required from the flight crew. The EGPWS circuit-breaker disables all EGPWS functionality including RAAS. The EGPWS Self-Test push-button (if available) allows the crew to verify the operational availability o
12、f all EGPWS functions, including the RAAS. An optional RAAS Audio Inhibit Switch may be installed. A single push of the Audio Inhibit Switch inhibits all RAAS advisories. De-pressing the switch reactivates all RAAS advisories.The Principle of RAAS 6NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China
13、 Appropriate flight crew actions to RAAS advisories are:On Ground: If in doubt, stop, VERIFY POSITION, and contact ATC for assistance if necessary. Do not hesitate to request progressive taxi instructions.In-Air: If the advisory is in conflict with expectations, VERIFY POSITION, contact ATC for assi
14、stance if necessary. Consideration should be given to a go-around in accordance with company SOPs.The Principle of RAAS7NBAA 2003跑道感知（Runway Awareness） 常规咨询（Routine Advisories）靠近跑道 在地面 (Approaching Runway On Ground)在跑道上 在地面 (ON Runway On Ground)靠近跑道 在空中 (Approaching Runway In Air) Civil Aviation Fli
15、ght University of China System Operation Description8NBAA 2003靠近跑道（Approaching Runway） - 在地面（On Ground）34L16RA9A6A7A5A4A3A2A1AAB112934R16LG1G2G3G4G5G6GDD1D2D3D4A8Conditions for Advisory:Advisory is function of aircraft groundspeed, heading and nearest runway end Earlier call-out at higher speeds Inh
16、ibited above 40 knots No distraction during take-off/landing ground roll“ “ApproachingApproaching One-One” One-One” Civil Aviation Flight University of China System Operation Description9NBAA 2003 在跑道上 （On Runway ）- 在地面 （On Ground ）34L16RA9A6A7A5A4A3A2A1AAB112934R16LG1G2G3G4G5G6GDD1D2D3D4A8“On Runway “On Runway ThreeThree-Four Left”-Four Left” Conditions for Advisory: Aircraft on runway Within 20 deg. of runway heading Civil Aviation Flight University of China System Operation Description10NBAA
