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1、2022年职称英语考试阅读理解冲刺练习题5第5篇、Late-Night DrinkingCoffee lovers beware. Having a quick “pick-me-up” cup of coffee1 late in the day will play havoc with2 your sleep. As well as being a stimulant, caffeine interrupts the flow of melatonin, the brain hormone that sends people into a sleep.Melatonin levels no
2、rmally start to rise about two hours before bedtime. Levels then peak between 2 am and 4 am, before falling again3. “Its the neurohormone that controls our sleep and tells our body when to sleep and when to wake,” says Maurice Ohayon of the Stanford Sleep Epidemiology Research Center at Stanford Uni
3、versity in California. But researchers in Israel have found that caffcinated coffee halves the bodys levels of this sleep hormone. Lotan Shilo and a team at the Sapir Medical Center in Tel Aviv University found that six volunteers slept less well after a cup of caffeinated coffee than after drinking
4、 the same amount of decal. On average, subjects slept 336 minutes per night after drinking caffeinated coffee, compared with 415 minutes after decal. They also took half an hour to drop off4 - twice as long as usual - and jigged around5 in bed twice as much.In the second phase of the experiment, the
5、 researchers woke the volunteers every three hours and asked them to give a urine sample, Shilo measured concentrations of a breakdown product of melatonin. The results suggest that melatonin concentrations in caffeine drinkers were half those in decaf drinkers. In a paper accepted for publication i
6、n Sleep Medicine, the researchers suggest6 that caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that drives melatonin production.Because it can take many hours to eliminate caffeine from the body, Ohayon recommends that coffee lovers switch to decaf after lunch.1. The author mentions “pick-me-up” to indica
7、te that A melatonin levels need to be raised. B neurohormone can wake us up. C coffee is a stimulant. D decaf is a caffeinated coffee.2. Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep? A Caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that stops melatonin production. B Caffeine interrupts the f
8、low of the hormone that prevents people from sleeping. C Caffeine halves the bodys levels of sleep hormone. D Caffeine stays in the body for many hours.3. What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss? A Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decaf on sleep. B Different findings of Lotan Shilo and a tea
9、m about caffeine. C The fact that the subjects slept 415 minutes per night after drinking decaf. D The proof that the subjects took half an hour to fall asleep.4. What does the experiment mentioned in paragraph 4 prove? A There are more enzymes in decaf drinkers urine sample. B There are more melato
10、nin concentrations in caffeine drinkers urine sample. C Decaf drinkers produce less melatonin. D Caffeine drinkers produce less sleep hormone.5. The author of this passage probably agrees that A coffee lovers sleep less than those who do not drink coffee. B we should not drink coffee after supper. C
11、 people sleep more soundly at midnight than at 3 am. D if we feel sleepy at night, we should go to bed immediately.答案与题解 :1. C pick-me-up指提神饮料，也就是一种剌激物，在这篇文章里详细指咖啡。所以，答案应选 C。2. C 其次段的第三个句子谈到，“限制我们睡眠的是神经激素”，而这一段的昀后一个句子也告知我们“含咖啡因咖啡能使这种睡眠激素减半”。这正是咖啡因影响睡眠的原理。3. A第三段涉及的是一个试验，这个试验的目的是测试含咖啡因咖啡和脱咖啡因咖啡对睡眠的影响
12、，该段主要谈论的是这个试验的结果。4. D 第四段是第三段试验的接着，是该试验的其次个阶段。探讨人员通过对志愿者尿样进行化验发觉，咖啡因摄入者体内的褪黑激素仅为非咖啡因摄入者的一半。褪黑激素就是睡眠激素，所以，答案应当选 D。5. B 文章的结尾谈到， “Ohayon建议爱喝咖啡的人午饭后应当换喝脱咖啡因咖啡”。另外，整个文章都在探讨咖啡因影响睡眠的机理，所以，作者也许会同意“晚饭后不应当喝咖啡”的说法。选项 A是一个全称推断，这等于说“全部喜爱喝咖啡的人都比不喝咖啡的人睡觉少”。这不肯定，因为假如咖啡适量，喝咖啡的时间适当，咖啡不会影响睡眠。所以，作者可能不会同意这种说法。依据文章其次段其次
13、个句子，选项 C是错的。依据文章其次段的第一个句子，我们体内褪黑激素 (睡眠激素 )的浓度在我们上床时间前两个小时起先上升，而这个时候我们会起先有困意。反过来说就是，人们并非一有困意就睡觉。所以，选项 D不是答案。译文：咖啡喜爱喝咖啡的人要当心了。晚上喝一杯快速提神的咖啡对你的睡眠造成严峻破坏。并且咖啡因作为一种刺激物会打断褪黑激素的流淌。褪黑激素是使人们进入睡眠的神经激素。褪黑激素的浓度在睡前两小时起先上升。凌晨2点和4点之间达到植，然后再次下降。加利福尼亚斯坦福高校的斯坦福睡眠流行病学探讨中心的Maurice Ohayon说：“限制我们睡眠是神经激素，它告知我们的身体什么时候睡觉什么时候醒
14、。”但是以色列的探讨者发觉含咖啡因咖啡能使人体中这种睡眠激素减半。特拉维夫高校的塞帕医学中心的Lotan Shilo和一个小组发觉六个志愿者在喝了一杯含咖啡因的咖啡后平均每晚睡336分钟，而喝完脱咖啡后平均每晚睡415分钟，他们用半个小时才能睡着比平常长一倍，而且翻来覆去的时间比平常多一倍。在试验的其次阶段，探讨者每三个小时叫醒志愿者一次，并要他们供应一个尿样。Shilo测量了褪黑激素分解物的浓度。结果表明饮用含咖啡因咖啡的人体内的褪黑激素的浓度是饮用脱咖啡因咖啡的人体内褪黑激素浓度的一半。在睡眠知学上发表的一篇论文中，探讨者表示咖啡因阻碍促使褪黑激素产生的酶的形成。Ohayon建议爱喝咖啡的人午饭后应当换喝脱咖咖啡，因为要解除体内的咖啡因要用好几个小时。本文来源：网络收集与整理，如有侵权，请联系作者删除，谢谢！第4页 共4页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页
