《绿色能源最终1》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《绿色能源最终1（32页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Page1Green energyProducer：Tommy、Jeremy、Sam、DamonPage2What is green energy?Greenenergyisenergythatisproducedinsuchawayastominimizeitsnegativeimpactontheenvironment.suchassolar,hydroenergy,wind,andhydrogenenergy.Evennuclearenergyissometimesconsideredagreenenergysource,becausesometypesofnucleartechnolo
2、gyproducemuchlesswastethanoilandcoal.Page3Traditionalenergysources,mostnotablyfossilfuels,producegreenhousegasesthatarebelievedtobetheprimarycauseofaneffectknownasglobalwarmingorclimatechangeandpollutetheenvironment.Atthesametimetheenergycrisisalsomakesgreenenergyinamoreprominentpositionwhy green en
3、ergy is important?Page4HydroenergyHydroenergyissimpleenergythatistakenfromwaterandconvertedintoelectricity.Hydroenergyarisesduetopotentialenergyofwater.Indams,waterisstoredathighlevel.Itmakespressurewhichrunsturbinecoupledtogeneratorandmakeselectricity.Page5Table1showsthattheutilizationrateofhydropo
4、werinthedevelopedcountriesareveryhigh,especiallyinEuropecountries!Itsknowntoallthattheenvironmentofthesecountriesisfirst-rate.Page6Thedisadvantagesarethatthechangeinwaterflowwilleffectthefishandmakingspacetoputthehydrofacilitycancausethedeathsofplantsandanimalsaswellasdestructionofhabitat.Itcankilll
5、otsoffishy.Also,itaffectstheriverdownstreamfromthedambuilt.Page7Wind EnergyWhatiswindenergy?Page8WWI IN ND DPage9Howiswindenergycollected?Page10windhasbeenusedforcenturiestoempowerwindmillstomillwheatorpumpwater.Page11Page12Whereiswindenergycollected?Page13Thisenergycanbeharnessedinareassubjecttorea
6、sonablyconsistentandstrongwinds.Theymaybelargeareasofflatlandorthosenearcoaststhataresubjecttoprevailingwinds.Page14InChina,windenergycanbeeffectivelyharnessedinareaslocatedinNorth,NorthwestandNortheast.Page1519302013NumberofwindturbinesintheworldWindenergyhadbeengreatlyutilizedsince1930.Itreachthet
7、opat2021.Assemblingawindturbinerequiresonlyafewweeks,andconstructionofawindpowerplantrequiresonlyayearoryearandahalf.Page16Page17HydrogenEnergyPage18IntroductionofHydrogenAs we all know，hydrogen is located in the first place of the periodic table of the elements. It is the smallest one ,but the most
8、 common element in the universe .The Cosmos H：75%The Sun H：84%The EarthQH of water 9000QFossil FuelPage19AdvantagesCoalwillrunoutaround2200.Petroleumwillrunoutaround2050.Naturalgaswillrunoutaround2070. H2O H2 + 1/2O2 H2 + 1/2O2 H2OTheoreticallyhydrogenwillmaintainforeverHydrogenCombustionNO DUST NO
9、SO2 NO CO2Page20ProblemandProspectProducing of hydrogen gas costs a lot at present. One ideal way to get H2 is inventing a suitable catalyst on which water can decompose to H2 and O2 directly with sunshine.Page21The technology of hydrogen storage must be enormously improved before Hydrogen Energy be
10、ing widely used. Fortunately, many scientists devote themselves to this field and a series of materials have been developed. Though these materials all have different problems now, we will invent a proper material for hydrogen storage in the near future.ProblemandProspectPage22Nuclear powerFundament
11、als of nuclear powerAdvantages and disadvantages of nuclear powerDevelopment of nuclear powerNuclear power plant accidentsPage23Fundamentals of nuclear powerNuclearpower,ornuclearenergy,istheuseofexothermic(放热)nuclearprocesses,togenerateusefulheatandelectricity.Thetermincludesnuclearfission,nucleard
12、ecayandnuclearfusion.ThefundamentalreasonforthenuclearpowerisAlbertEinsteinsformula E=mc2,expressingtheequivalenceofenergyandmass.Bythisformula,addingenergyalsoincreasesmass(bothweightandinertia),whereasremovingenergydecreasesmass.Whennucleonsbindtogethertoformanucleus,theymustloseasmallamountofmass
13、,i.e.,thereismasschange,inordertostaybound.Thismasschangemustbereleasedasvarioustypesofphotonorotherparticleenergyasabove,accordingtotherelationE=mc2.Page24Nuclear fission ：thenucleusofaparticlesplitsintosmallerparts(lighternuclei).Thefissionprocessoftenproducesfreeneutronsandphotons(intheformofgamm
14、arays),andreleasesaverylargeamountofenergy.heavyelementslightelementsNuclear fusion :anuclearreactioninwhichtwoormoreatomicnucleicollideataveryhighspeedandjointoformanewtypeofatomicnucleus.Duringthisprocess,matterisnotconservedbecausesomeofthemassofthefusingnucleiisconvertedtophotons(energy).Binding
15、energycurvePage25Nuclearpowerplantsconverttheenergyreleasedfromthenucleusofanatomvianuclearfissionthattakesplaceinanuclearreactor.Theheatisremovedfromthereactorcorebyacoolingsystemthatuses the heat to generate steam, which drives asteam turbineconnected togeneratorproducingelectricity.Thenuclearreac
16、toriscontainedinsidethesphericalcontainmentbuildinginthecenter-leftandrightarecoolingtowerswhicharecommoncoolingdevicesusedinallthermalpowerstations,andlikewise,emitwatervaporfromthenon-radioactivesteamturbinesectionofthepowerplant.Page26Advantages and disadvantagesAdvantagesofnuclearenergy:1.Nuclearpowerdoesnotcauseairpollutionanddoesnotproducecarbondioxidewhichaggravatesglobalwarming.2.Nuclearfuelhassmallsizesoitiseasyfortransportationandstorage.3.Fuelcostsaccountsforalowerproportioninthecosto
