1Suggested Answers Unit 1 Starting Up A. Choose the sentence halves from a, b, c, d listed below. 1. d 2. c 3. b 4. a B. Possible Answers 1. Appraisal offers a valuable opportunity to focus on work activities and goals, to identify and correct existing problems, and to encourage better future performance. 2. Performance appraisal provides employees with recognition for their work efforts. 3. Performance appraisal offers an excellent opportunity perhaps the best that will ever occurfor a supervisor and subordinate to recognize and agree upon individual training and development needs. 4. Performance appraisal can make the need for training more pressing and relevant by linking it clearly to performance outcomes and future career aspirations. 5. Performance appraisal can provide a regular and efficient training needs audit for the entire organization. C. Possible clues for the discussion 1. Tell me what you want me to do. 2. Tell me how well I have done it. 3. Help me improve my performance. 4. Reward me for doing well. D. Complete the description of employees evaluation with expressions from the box.1. legitimate 2. tension 23. priorities 4. clash 5. process 6. recoil from 7. anxiety and distress 8. serve the needs of 9. objectively 10. balanced Reading A. Match the words and phrases with their definitions. 1. d 2. a 3. e 4. c 5.b B. Read the article below quickly and answer the following questions. 1. Performance appraisal began as an attempt to rationally correlate rewards and outcomes. 2. Such as morale and self-esteem. 3. Began from the 1950s. C. Read the article again and choose the correct answer from a, b, c, d. 1. d 2. b 3. c 4. d 5. d D. Decide whether the following statements are True or False. 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. F 6. T E. Match the terms with their explanations from a-j in the following box. 1. d 2. b 3. f 4. j 5. e 6. c 7. i 8. a 9. h 10. g Highlights Performance Appraisal Terms & Exam Practice A. Fill in the blanks with the appraisal terms from the box. 1. perceived meaning 2. selective perception 3. halo effect 4. horns effect 5. central tendency 6. feedback-seeking 37. constructive evaluation 8. trait relevance B. Identify the appraisal methods for the following statements.1. MBO 2. MBO 3. EM 4. EM 5. RS C. Listen to the passage about the rating scale method and fill out the blanks. 1. a high degree of structure 2. trait or characteristic 3. a bipolar scale 4. employee attributes 5. initiative 6. punctuality 7. nature and scope 8. relevant to the appraisees job 9. legal action 10. discrimination Script: The rating scale method offers a high degree of structure for appraisals. Each employee trait or characteristic is rated on a bipolar scale that usually has several points ranging from “ poor”to “ excellent” (or some similar arrangement). The traits assessed on these scales include employee attributes such as cooperation, communications ability, initiative, punctuality and technical (work skills) competence. The nature and scope of the traits selected for inclusion is limited only by the imagination of the scale s designer, or by the organization s need to know. The one major provision in selecting traits is that they should be in some way relevant to the appraisees job. The traits selected by some organizati ons have been unwise and have resulted in legal action on the grounds of discrimination. D. Listen to the passage about the advantages of rating scale methods. Note down the advantages.1. they are structured and standardized 2. ratings to be easily compared and contrasted even for entire workforces 3. equality in treatment for all appraisees 44. standard measures of performance across all parts of the organization 5. easy to use and understand 6. the simple and efficient logic of the bipolar scale Script: The greatest advantage of rating scales is that they are structured and standardized. This allows ratings to be easily compared and contrasted even for entire workforces. Each employee is subjected to the same basic appraisal process and rating criteria, with the same range of responses. This encourages equality in treatment for all appraisees and imposes standard measures of performance across all parts of the organization. Rating scale methods are easy to use and understand. The concept of the rating scale makes obvious sense; both appraisers and appraisees have an intuitive appreciation for the simple and efficient logic of the bipolar scale. The result is widespread acceptance and popularity for this approach. E. Listen to the passage about MBO methods and fill out the blanks. 1. results-oriented 2. predetermined work objectives 3. the supervisor and subordinate 4. self-audit 5. achieve the objective 6. strengths and weaknesses Script: MBO (management by objectives) methods of performance appraisal are results-oriented. That is, they seek to measure employee performance by examining the extent to which predetermined work objectives have been met. Usually the objectives are establis。