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1、第彳讲形客词大脑体操)爪作业完成情况)知识梳理)形容词的用法:(一)概念:形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征,通常可将形容词分成性质形容 词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。1. 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词。【难点】(二)形容词的种类1. 品质形容词:英语中大量形容词属于这一类,他们表示人或物的品质,女口: The play was boring.那出戏很枯燥乏味。You have an honest face.你有一张诚实的脸。2. 颜色形容词有少数表示颜色的形容词,如:She had on a blue coat.她穿了 一件蓝色的外套。3. -ing形
2、容词:有大量现在分词正在或已经变为形容词,如:4. -ed形容词:它们是由它们的过去分词变过来的,一般有被动意义,多数为品质形容 词,女口:She looked tired.5. 合成形容词:warm-hearted热心的,heart-breaking令人心碎的(三)形容词的用法和在句中的位置1、形容词在句中主耍可用作:1)定语:What a fine day!2)表语:She looks happy.3)宾语的补语(构成合成宾语):Do you think it necessary?你认为这有必要吗?4)状语:He arrived home, hungry and tired.他又饿又累的回
3、到家里。【重点】2)当形容词词组相当丁一个定语从句时,或形容词用来修饰somebody, something, anything, nothing等的时候,便会出现后置形容词。如:The boy interested in music is my brother.对音乐感兴趣的那个男孩是我弟弟。Do you have anything interesting to tell us? 你有什么趣闻告诉我们吗?三、形容词的比较等级:(一)形容词的比较级和最高级的构成1. 单咅节词和少数双咅节词的比较级和最高级的构成情况构成方式原级比较级最高级一般情况iJD-er 或-estnewnewernewe
4、stlonglongerlongest以e结尾的词加或stfinefinerfinestlatelaterlatest以“辅咅+y”结尾变y为i再加或earlyearlierearliest的词-esthappyhappierhappiest重读闭咅节的词先双写辅音字母,hothotterhottest末尾只有一个辅再力口或es(thinthinnerthinnest音字母fatfatterfattest2. 多咅节词和部分双咅节词在其前面加more或most。如:原级比较级最高级usefulmore usefulmost usefuldifficultmore difficultmost d
5、ifficult【重点】3. 有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化。原级比较级最髙级good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfartherfarthestoldolderoldest(二)形容词比较级的用法1 形容词的比较级可以单独使用:Be more careful next time. 下次小心点。Which book is better?哪本书更好?2. 也可以和than连用,表示两者相比,than后可以跟:比名词或代词:He is older than me /1.他年龄比我大。
6、b. 动名词:Skiing is more exciting than skating.滑雪比滑冰更刺激。c. 从句:I was a better singer than he was.我唱歌比他好。(三)形容词比较级的修饰语1形容词比较级前可加much, a lot, a bit, a little, slightly之类表示程度的状语: Hes feeling much better today.他感到今天好多了。2. 也可在比较级前any, no, some, even, still这类词:Do you feel any better today?你今天感觉好一点了吗?3. 比较级前还可
7、加其他表示数量的词:My sister is ten years younger than me.我妹妹比我小十岁。【难点】(四)形容词比较级的特殊用法1. 和more有关的词组:1)the more. the more. 越就越。例如:The harder you work, the greater progress youll make. 越努力,进步越大。2)no more than 与.一样。例如:The officials could see no more than the Emperor.官员们看到的和皇帝一样多。3) more than超过,不只是。例如:There are m
8、ore than two thousand people in the hall.2. 和less有关的词组1)less than 不到 不太:It was ready in less than a week.2)no less than多达 不少于No less than 2 million people came.至少来了 2 百万人。3)more or less基本上 大体上 大约The work is more or less finished.这项工作基本上完成了。3. 还有as+形容词或副词原级+ as1)not .so/as.as 例如:He cannot run so/as f
9、ast as you.他没你跑得快。2)当as. as中间有名词时采用以下格式:as +形容词+a+单数名词/;as + many much +名词。例如:This is as good an example as the other is.这个例子和另外一个一样好。I can carry as much paper as you can.你能搬多少纸,我也能。3)表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时,放在as的前面。例如:This room is twice as big as that one.这房间的面积是那间的两倍。Your room is the same size as mine.
10、你的房间和我的一样大。(五)形容词最高级用法1. the +最高级+比较范闱1)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the,例如:The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。 说明形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示”非常“。例如:It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 这是彳、彳艮重要 的问题。注意:使用最髙级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。(错)Tom is the tallest of his three br
11、others.(对)Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.2)下列词可修饰最高级,by far, far, much, mostly, almost。例如:This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.这帽子差不多是最大的了。注意:序数词通常只修饰最高级。例如:Africa is the second largest continent.非洲是第二大洲。3)最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来。例如:Mike is the most intelligent in his class. 或者:Mike is more
12、intelligent than any other students in his class.(六)形容词最高级的特殊用法1. 形容词最高级可用作表语,这时定冠词lhe可以省略。例句:I think her plan is best.我认为她的计划最好。2. 形容词最高级还可和al构成许多短语作状语,如at best, at least, at most等。例句:Ill be with you at latest by ten.我最迟十点钟就来陪你。1、了解形容词,掌握形容词的作用2、形容词的同级。比较级和最高级的用法ELSIES特色讲解)1. We want to go to Japan
13、 to have astudy.A. farther B. farthest C. further D. furthest解析:far有两个比较级farther是路S, further是有抽象的意思进一步,这个题目中是深造,有进一步学习的意思,故答案是c2. The meeting hall isto hold 5000 people.A. large enough B. enough large C. so large D. too large解析:enough修饰形容词和副词放在后边,足够大的表达是large enougho故答案是a3. When spring comes, the tr
14、ees getA. green and green B. green and greener C. greener and green D greener and greener解析:get后加比较级,越来越。后边是两个比较级连用故答案是D4. Mybrother is three yearsthan I.A. old; older B. elder; older C. older; elder D. old; elder解析:题目是我的哥哥比我大三岁,第一个是年长的用elder,后一个是大older,故答 案是B5. This year our school isthan it was last yea匚A. much more beautiful B. much beautiful C. the most beautifulD. beautiful解than用比较级,只有答案A是,故选择A6. the ground is,air becomesA. The high; the thin B The highest; the thinnestC. The higher; the thiner D. The higher; the t