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1、中考复习之非谓语动词Teacher ： 1动词不定式作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语的用法。2动名词的用法。3现在分词和过去分词的用法。中考考点中考考点知识点回顾考点一 动词不定式动词不定式的构成： to动词原形。它没有人称和数的变化。 1作主语 常用it作形式主语、将真正的主语(动词不定式)置于句末。To ask the teacher for help is necessary. It is necessary to ask the teacher for help.向老师求教是必要的。考点一 动词不定式动词不定式的构成： to动词原形。它没有人称和数的变化。 2作宾语(1)后接
2、不定式作宾语的动词有： want, try, decide, hope, need, wish, agree, expect, refuse, learn，remember, forget, would like/love等。如：I hope _ there before dark. (2)在think, find, make等动词后通常用it作形式宾语，而把不定式移至形容词之后，构成“主语动词it(形式宾语)宾补(形容词/名词)不定式”结构。如：I found it difficult to solve the problem. to get 考点一 动词不定式3作宾语补足语(1)后面能接带
3、to的不定式作宾补的动词有： tell，ask，allow，want，help，wish，teach，warn，invite，like，encourage等。如：Tom wanted a cup of beer.(作宾语)to have动词不定式的构成： to动词原形。它没有人称和数的变化。 考点一 动词不定式3作宾语补足语(2)在使役动词let，make，have和感官动词see，hear, watch, notice, feel, find等后要用不带不带toto的动词不定式作宾补。但是，当上述动词变为被动语态后，其后的不定式必须补上to。如：We often see her dance.
4、 被动语态： She is often saw to sing.动词不定式的构成： to动词原形。它没有人称和数的变化。 4作状语（Later he left home） to work in different cities. 5作定语(须后置)I have nothing to say.(作定语)6作表语Their duty is _ the animals. His wish is to be a driver. (作表语)完整句子不定式短语作状语to look after 考点一 动词不定式7. “疑问词不定式”结构动词不定式可以和疑问词what, which, when, where
5、, how等连用，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。如：He doesnt know _. Where to go (go) has not been decided.what to say(作宾语)(作主语)提醒 动词不定式的否定结构是：not to do sth。考点一 动词不定式考点二 动名词1作主语Learning English is very difficult .(作主语)2作宾语常接动名词作宾语的动词或短语有： enjoy, finish, consider, miss, keep, mind, practice, suggest, be busy, fe
6、el like, give up, cant help等。Have you finished _ the book?3作表语The nurses job is _ the patients.readinglooking after考点二 动名词4作定语I often go to the _. A swimming pool(作定语)提醒 有些词既可接不定式又可接v.ing 形式作宾语，但表达的意义不同，常见的有：(1)stop to do sth停下来去做另外一件事(不定式作目的状语)stop doing sth停止做某事(v.ing 作宾语)(2)try to do sth 试图(企图)做某
7、事 try doing sth尝试着做某事(3)forget to do sth忘记要去做某事(还没做)forget doing sth忘记做过了某事(已做)reading room 考点二 动名词4作定语I often go to the _. 我经常去阅览室。提醒 有些词既可接不定式又可接v.ing 形式作宾语，但表达的意义不同，常见的有：(4)remember to do sth记着要去做某事(还没做)remember doing sth记得做过了某事(已做)(5)go on to do sth做完一件事后继续做另外一件不同的事go on doing sth继续做原来所做的同一件事(6)
8、need doing(某事)需要做(被动意思)need to do 需要去做某事(主动意思)reading room 考点二 动名词D。regret doing sth 表示对已经发生的事感到“后悔”;regret to say / tell / inform / announce 用以报告令人不快之事，表示对将要说的话感到“遗憾、抱歉”，主语通常是 I / we, regret 用一般现在时。例题. You were brave enough to raise objection at the meeting.Well, now I regret _ that.A. to do B. to
9、be doing C. to have done D. having done1. He kept on _ (talk) until the class was over.【答案】填talking2. Would you mind _(close)the window? Its raining outside.【答案】填closing3. Playing computer games is delightful, but _ (spend) too much time on it may do harm.【答案】填spending4. The first step towards _ (pr
10、otect) the environment is to try to throw away less rubbish.【答案】填protecting5. What about _ (have) a birds eye view of Shanghai?Great! I cant wait to. 【答案】填havingFilling the blanksFilling the blanks考点三 分词分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词v.ing ，有主动、进行之意；过去分词v.ed ，有被动、完成之意。1作定语China is a _ country. America is a _ c
11、ountry. （develop）I know the boy called Li Ming. 2作表语The book is interesting. Im interested in it. His bike is broken, he is worried about it.developingdeveloped-ing 结尾修饰事，物；-ed结尾修饰人考点 过去分词作定语例题. The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A. having w
12、ritten B. to be writtenC. being written D. written1. D。表示“被动、完成”用过去分词作定语。考点三 分词3作宾语补足语I saw her going upstairs. I want to have some photos taken. 4作状语He sat there，reading a newspaperreading a newspaper.(作状语)Faced with difficulties，we must try to overcome them.现在分词短语作宾补过去分词短语作宾补现在分词短语作状语过去分词短语作状语过去分词
13、作状语例题. _ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.A. Being founded B. It was foundedC. Founded D. FoundingC。Harvard(哈佛大学)与 found(建立)是被动关系，且早在1636年已建立，故用过去分词。重难点小结非谓语动词重难点1. 须用省去to 的不定式(do)作宾补的11个动词。五看(see、watch、notice、observe、look at)两听(hear、listen to)三使(make、let、
14、have)一感觉(feel)根据谐音记忆法，我们可以记做“吾看两厅三室一感觉”。例如：I saw a big bird fly over the roof of the house yesterday.昨天，我看到一只大鸟飞过了屋顶。Exercises 用所给词的适当形式填空1Its very nice of you _( help) me.2Hes interested in _(play) chess.3Please stop _ (smoke). Its bad for you.4The kids had fun _ (swim) in the water.5She didnt know
15、 which sweater _(choose)6We decided _(visit) the Great Wall.7Id like you _ (go) shopping with me.8Why not _ (join) an English club to practice _ (speak) English?考点过关to helpplayingsmokingswimmingto chooseto visitto gospeakingjoin考点过关 9As we all know, its impolite to keep others _ (wait) for a long ti
16、me.10My computer doesnt work. I must have it _ (repair)11They spent two hours _ (clean) the classroom.12John used to _(get) up late, but now hes used to _ (get) up early.waitingrepairedcleaninggetgetting二、非谓语动词1. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _ on a big rock.A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest2. Do you know the boy _ under the big tree?A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying3. Youd better _ your bike _ at once. It is Monday tomorrow, you know.A. to have, mend B. have, mended
