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1、学习必备欢迎下载第 4 讲名词性从句单词短语回忆单词荟萃1. adj .吓人的， 可怕的 adj . 可怕的 vt. 使可怕 frightn. 惊吓2. n. 力气，力气；特长v. 加强strong adj . 强壮的3. n. 环境，环绕，外界 environmental adj.环境的；有关环境的4. pollute v. 污 染 adj .受污染的 n. 污染5. major adj .主要的，较大的 n. 大多数6. adj .关怀的，担忧的 concern n. 关怀，担忧7. adj . 急迫的，紧急的 urgency n. 紧急；紧急的事8. complain v. 抱 怨，投诉
2、 n. 埋怨，投诉9. adv. 确定地，完全地 absolute adj. 确定的，完全的10. protection n. 保 护 v.爱护，防护短语积存1. 受困于，遭受2. 砍倒3. 作为的结果；由于4. 建议某人做某事5.阻挡某人做某事6. 接受；懂得；吸取7.分发；发出；用完；耗尽8. 忍不住做某事9.简言之；概括地讲10. 改善环境一、考点、热点回忆在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句；它包括主语从句、 宾语从句、 表语从句和同位语从句； 名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目，在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到，并且每年的命题各有变化；分析历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下
3、六个方面：1. 考查名词性从句的语序问题；2. 考查引导词that 与 what 的区分；3. 考查 it 在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法；学习必备欢迎下载4. 考查 whether 与 if 的区分；5. 考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever 引导的名词性从句与no matter+ 疑问词引导的状语从句的区分；6. 考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题；二、典型例题单项：1. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China.- Sorry. I don t know .A. when did he go abroadB. why he is going
4、abroadC. how soon will he be backD. how long he will stay abroad2. Now there is a danger the ground may fall in 沉下 under the heavy traffic.A. whetherB. ifC. D. that3. The problem is will go to the meeting.A. whyB. whenC. whatD. who4. Do you know the man with sunglasses is.- I m not sure. Maybhee is
5、a reporter.A. whoB. whatC. whereD. how分析句子：判定以下各句哪句含出名词性从句，并指出是什么从句：1. China is no longer what it used to be.2. The truth that the earth turns around the sun is known to all.3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station.4. How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.5
6、. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.6. The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.7. That is where Lu Xun used to live.8. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.9. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school
7、.10. I wonder why she refused my invitation.三、课堂讲解 &. 习题练习名词性从句主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词；因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句；学习必备欢迎下载引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词： that, whether, if（不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词： what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词： when, where, how, why（一）主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句；主语从句通常由从属连词that，
8、whether， if 和连接代词 what， who ， which ， whatever，whoever以及连接副词 how ， when， where，why 等词引导；that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分；例如：What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我们说什么，仍不清晰；It is known to us how he became a writer.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的；Where the English evening will be held
9、has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举办，仍没有宣布；有时为防止句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语 it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末；主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式；常用句型如下：A. It +be +形容词+ that从句obvious, true, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.如：It is certain that she will do well in her exam.B. It + be +名词词组+ t
10、hat从句an honor, a fact, a pity, etc. ）如：It sa pity that we can gto.C. It + be +过去分词+ that 从句said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, etc. ） 如：It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing.D. It +不及物动词或短语+ that从句 seem， happen, doesnmattter ,turn out ） ；如：It happened that I was out tha
11、t day.It doesn mtatter whether she will come or not.另留意在主语从句中用来表示诧异、不信任、 惋惜、 理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气 “should +do ，”常用的句型有：It is necessary important, natural, strange, etc. that It is a pity a shame, no wonder, etc. that 学习必备欢迎下载It is suggested requested, proposed, desired, etc. that（二）宾语从句一、 定义：在句中担当宾语的
12、从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语；Eg：He said he was good at drawing. 动词宾语 He asks him how long Mike has been down. 动词宾语 Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. 介词宾语 二、宾语从句的引导词有三类：(1) 由 that 引导的宾语从句；that 只有语法作用， 没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略；例如：Eg：The radio says that the clouds will lift later on. She told me th
13、at she would like to go with us.(2) 以连接代词which, what, who 等或连接副词how, where, why 等引导的宾语从句：A .特别疑问词不是作主语，疑问词放在句首，其它部分按陈述句语序；B.如特别疑问词作主语，语序不用动；Do you know what he did with that thing.他知道他怎样处理那件事的吗？Could you tell me who can look after her.你能告知我谁能照料她吗？注： A .主句是一般疑问，句尾用问号、 用升调；B.主句不是一般疑问句，句尾用句号，用降调；eg, Co
14、uld you tell me whats the matter with you.I want to know how soon it will begin.(3) 以 whether或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或挑选疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序:Eg: I wonder if /whether you have told the news to Li Lei.留意：在以下几种情形下，只能用whether,不能用 if:当 or not 紧随连词之后时；如I dont know whether or not he will come on time.我不知道他能否按时来；从句用作介词宾语时；如：I am interested in whether he joined the army. 我对他是否入伍很感爱好；在带 to 的动词不定式前； 如：She doesnt know whether to go to the cinema or to watch TV at home.学习必备欢迎下载当宾语从句移至句首表强调时；如：Whet
