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1、1 英语时态一般时态：时态名称结构常连用的词基本用法一般现在时1. be动词用am/is/are，后接 n./a./prep. often; usually; every;sometimes; always; never; seldom; once/twice/ a week/month/year; on Sundays/Mondays/ .;1) 表示现在存在的习惯，经常发生的动作或存在的状态。?He takes a walk after supper every day. ?The children go to school at seven every morning. 2)表示主语的特
2、征、性格、能力等。?The children draw well. ?Does she like sports? 3) 表示客观事实或普遍真理。?The sun rises in the east. ?Two plus two makes four. ?Knowledge is power. 4 ）在时间、条件状语从句中表示将来的动作。?When they leave school, they will go to work in Tibet. ?If You see him， will you tell him to ring me? ?Well visit the cotton mill
3、if it is fine tomorrow. 5 ）表示安排或计划好的将来的动作(一般只限于某些表示移动的动词， 如 go ，come ，arrive, leave，begin, start等 ) ，这种安排很固定，不易改变。?The train starts at ten oclock in the morning. ?The film begins in a minute. ?When does the Japanese Youth delegation leave for Xi an?2. 行为动词用v. 或 v.-s 、-es. 精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - -
4、 - - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - -2 一般过去时1be 动词用过去式 was 或were表示。yesterday; the day before yesterday; last week/month/year/ .; ago;a moment ago; just now; on/in+过去的时间 ; 1) 表示过去的动作或状态?We had a good swim last Sunday. ?
5、She suddenly fell ill yesterday. 2) 叙述过去连续发生的一件件事。?He got up early in the morning， fetched water，swept the yard and then went out to work. 3) 表示过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作。?When my brother was a teenager， he played table tennis almost every day. ?It used to be difficult to get drinking water here. 其他用法：(1) 在宾
6、语从句中，由于时态呼应的关系，可用一般过去时表示现在 ：?I didn t know you were here. 我不知道你在这儿。 (were实际上指现在) ?I didn t know you were so busy我没想到你这么忙。 (were实际上指现在) (2) 表示客气委婉的现在：?I wondered if you were free this evening. 不知您今晚是否有空。?I thought you might like some flowers. 我想您也许想要些花。【注】能这样有的动词主要限于want, wonder, think, hope, intend等
7、少数动词。(3) 用于某些特殊结构中: ?It s time we started. 我们该动身了。?I wish I knew his name. 要是我知道他的名字就好了。?I d rather you lived closer to us. 我希望你能住得离我们近点。【注】该用法主要用于it s (high) time, I wish, I d rather, if only, as if, as though 等少数结构后接从句的情形。(4) 表主观想法的虚拟条件句也用一般过去时表示现在：?If I had the money now I d buy a car. 假若我现在有钱，我就
8、买辆小汽车。(5) 当主句中的谓语动词是现在完成时，since引导的从句用一般过去时。?I have lived in the house since I came to the city. ?Great changes have taken place since I visited the city. 2. 行为动词用V-ed 。精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 8 页 - -
9、 - - - - - - -3 一般将来时1. will+v. tomorrow, the day after tomorrow; soon; next week/month/year/.; the week/month/year/. after next; on/in +将来的时间；in+ 一段时间； . 1) 表示将来的动作或状态。?My daughter will be twelve years old tomorrow. ?The indoor swimming pool will be open to the public from October 16. 2) 表示将来经常发生的动
10、作。?We shall work in this factory every day. 2. is/am/are+going to+V，表示计划打算做什么事。其他形式1) be going to + v. 多用于口语中，常表示打算、即将、决心去做的事或可能要发生的事。如：?We are going to visit the Museum of Chinese History.我们要去参观中国历史博物馆。 ( 表打算 ) ?Tom studies very hard. He is going to try for a scholarship.汤姆学习非常努力，他将争取获得奖学金。(表决心 ) ?
11、Look at those clouds. Its going to rain.瞧那些云，要下雨了。(表估计可能 ) ?The wall is going to collapse! 那墙要倒塌了? ( 即将 ) 2) go, come, leave, start等表示移动的动词，可用现在进行时来表示即将发生的动作。?She is going to the dentist tomorrow because she is having a toothache. ?Im coming. 3) be about to + v.表示即将发生的动作。如：?The English evening is ab
12、out to begin.英语晚会即将开始。?We are about to leave， so there is no time to visit him now.我们就要离开了，所以现在没有时间去看他。4) be to do 表示安排或计划好了的动作等。如：?The boys are to go to school next week.这些男孩子下周要上学了。?He and I are to meet at the Shanghai Railway Station.他和我约定在上海火车站见面。?Im to be home before midnight.我午夜前回家。过去将来时was/we
13、re going to +V原形表示对于过去某一时间而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用在宾语从句中。?They wanted to know when you would finish the article. ?We asked him where we should go to work next week. would +V原形其他形式?I was told that the press conference was to be held the next day. ?I was about to leave when it began to rain. ?He told me he
14、was leaving soon. 进行时态：时态名称结构常连用的词主要用法现在进行is/am/are+V-ingnow ；at present; 1) 表示此时此刻 ( 说话人说话时)正在进行的动作。?What are you doing? 精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - -4 时at the moment; Look!(放在句首 );
15、Listen! (放在句首 ); Im doing some washing. ?Look! It is snowing. 2) 表示现阶段正在进行着的动作，虽然此时此刻这个动作可能并不在进行。?He is working on a paper. ?They are compiling a dictionary. 3) 有时可表示将来发生的动作，有意图 或打算 的含义 (用于go ，come ， stay ，leave ，start等表示移动的动词)。?They are taking the children to the zoo on Sunday. ?What are you doing
16、next Sunday? Im going on a picnic with my wife and daughter. 过去进行时was/were+V-ing at that time; at this time yesterday; at+ 时间点+yesterday/lastnight; at that moment; 1) 表示过去一段时间正在发生的动作。?I was practicing the violin at eight oclock yesterday evening. ?She was reading an English magazine when I came in. 2）表示移动的动词go ，come ，start ，stay ，leave等的过去进行时，可以表示过去将来发生的动作。?They wanted to know when we were leaving for Shanghai. 将来进行时will/shall be v-ing at this time +将来时间点1）表示在将来某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。?This time tomorr
