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1、学习必备欢迎下载学问点： 现在完成时一.一般现在时用法：过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果：强调结果e.g.Yesterday I finished my homework, thathsavtoe sfianyis,hIed my homework now.过去已经开头始终连续到现在的动作或状态：强调连续e.g.I have lived here since 1990.二. 现在完成时的构成have/has+过去分词三. 现在完成时的四个基本句型确定句He has finished the work.一般疑问句Has he finished the work.否定句He has not f
2、inished the work.两回答Yes ,he has. / No,he hasn. t特别疑问句What has he done.四. 在以下情形下用现在完成时（ 1）九词语 already 已经确定句中或句尾e.g. I have already found my pen. = I have found my pen already. yet 已经否定句和疑问句句尾e.g. I have not finished the work yet. Have you bought a computer yet. ever 曾经句中e.g.Have you ever seen pandas.
3、 never 从不 句中e.g. I have never been to Beijing. just 刚刚句中e.g.I have just done my work. before 以前句尾e.g.I have never been there before. so far 到目前为止e.g.So far he has learnt 200 words. how long 多久e.g. How long have you lived here. how many times 多少次e.g. How many times has he been to Beijing.（ 2）两词组学习必备欢
4、迎下载havegone to去了某地例： He has gone to Beijing去了北京 havebeen to去过某地例： He has been to Beijing.去过北京 （ 3）两结构for two monthsfor +一段时间Jim has lived here for 2 months. since last yearsince 3 years ago since 1990since he came heresince +过去点时间since +过去时态句子Lucy has been in Beijing since 3 years ago.He has been in
5、 China since he came here.（ 4）假如句子里面没有时间状语，汉语意思能够加“已经”，往往用现在完成时态；e.g. Have you lost your library book.你已经弄丢了从图书馆借的那本书吗？（ 5）现在完成时态仍经常用于以下句型They have planted many trees in the last few years在.很多树；过去的几年，他们已经种了This is the best book I have ever read这.是我曾经读过的最好的一本书；It is the first time I have played the c
6、omputer games这.是我第一次玩电脑嬉戏；五. 在现在完成时中，一次性动词不能和一段时间状语连用e.g. He has bought the book for 3 year（s. 错）因 buy 这个一次性动词不能和一段时间for 3 years 连用, 改正的方法有五种： He has bought the book.去掉一段时间 for 3 years He bought the book 3 years ago变改 为一般过去时，使句子的意思不 It s 3 years since he bought the book. = 3 years has passed since h
7、e bought the book.（改为固定句型It is -since-） He has not bought the book for 3 years（.改为否定句） He has had the book for 3 years.（用连续性动词have 代替 buy）学习必备欢迎下载六.仍有其他一次性动词也是这种情形，可参照前面的五种方法改正，前四种改法都一样，第五种改法各不相同，举例如下： come/arrive/get to/reach be here例： I have come here for 3 years（. leave/go be away错）改为： I have bee
8、n here for 3 years.例： He has left for 3 hours.（错）改为： He has been away for 3 hours. begin/start be on例：The film has begun for 3 minutes（.3 minutes. open be open / close be closed错）改为：The film has been on for例： The shop has opened for 3 years错. 改为： The shop has been open for 3 years. die be dead例：His
9、father has died for 3 years.错 3 years. finish/end be over改为：His father has been dead for例： He has finished the work for 3 days.错改为： The work has been over for 3 days join例： I have joined the army for 3 years（.错）改为： I have been in the army for 3 years或. soldier for 3 years. buy /catchhaveI have been
10、ae.g.I have bought the bike for 3 years（. years.错）改为： I have had the bike for 3e.g.He has caught a cold for 3 days（.days. borrow keep错）改为： He has had a cold for 3e.g. I have borrowed the book for 3 years（. for 3 years.错）改为：I have kept the book学习必备欢迎下载仍有其它的归纳如下：break be brokenget up be upmarry be mar
11、riedbecome belose be lost七. 连续性动词和终止性动词连续性动词： 表示的动作是能连续的动作， 这种动作可以连续下去或产生长久的影响；如：learn work stand lie know walk keep have wait watch sing read sleep live终止性动词：也叫非连续性动词，瞬时动词，一次性动词；表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生后立刻终止，产生某种结果；在有了某种结果后，动作就不能再连续下去；如：leave ,start, set out ,arrive ,reach ,get to, begin, stop, shut, turn o
12、ff, marry ,put ,put on, get up, wake, fall, join ,meet, receive, finish, end, complete ,become, come, go, die, open, close, break, give, jump ,buy, borrow八. 终止性动词不能和一段时间状语连用；He has died for three days（.连用）错，终止性动词die 不能和一段时间for three days同步练习 ：单项挑选题1、Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey whatshappenedtohim
13、 .A. knewB. have knownC.must knowD.will know2、Hehas beentoShanghai, hashe .A. alreadyB. neverC.everD. still3、HaveyoumetMr. Li ？A. justB.agoC. beforeD. a moment ago4、The famous writer one new book in the past two year .A.iswritingB.waswritingC. wroteD. haswritten学习必备欢迎下载5、 Our country a lot so far .
14、Yes .I hope it will be even .A.haschanged;wellB.changed ; goodC.haschanged;betterD.changed ; better6、Zhao Lan already in this school for two years .A. was ;studyingB. will;studyC. has;studiedD.are;studying7、We XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.A. knowB.hadknownC. haveknownD.knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I it twice .A.willseeB.haveseenC.sawD.see9、 ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStat
