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1、0755-英语教研组八年级上6一、掌握基本用法should， ought to 和 had betterhad better ， should ， ought to含义及语气有所不同，请看下表：情态动词含义语气备注had better最好最弱should应该较强ought to应该最强二、 should 和 ought to 二者的区别should 与 ought to 常可通用ShouldOught to表示主观看法，有“劝告、建议 ”的意思，即 “按我意思的想法该如何 ”强调主观看法，语气比较委婉.一些建议，劝说时，译作 “应当 ”比 should 语气强 , 更多反映客观情况，“有义务
2、”或“必要 ”做某事，有时带有责备或督促的意味, 译为 “应当，应该 ” .否定表示某动作不一定要做表示做某事一定是错误的虚拟语态例如： We ought to be more careful with our homework. 我们应当更加认真地做作业。You should follow Mr. Wang s advi你ce应. 当听王老师的话。she should be back tomorrow. 她应该明天回来。I ought to do my homework now. 我应该现在就做作业。What s wrong with my answer? It should be 62,n
3、ot 26. 我的答案出了什么错误？它应该是62，不是 26。ShouldOught to肯定句sb. should do sth.sb. ought to do sth.否定句sb. should not do sth.sb. ought not to do sth.一般疑问句Should sb. do sth.?Ought sb. to do sth.?简略回答反义疑问句Yes, sb. should do sth.No, sb. should not / shouldn t do sth. You should study hard, shouldnt you? He shouldn t
4、 speakclianss, should he?Yes, sb. ought to do sth.No, sb. ought not /oughtn t to do sth. You ought to study hard, oughtnt you? He oughtnt to speak in class, ought he?should 和ought to 在用法上要注意以下3 点：1.没有人称和数的变化。2.后面接动词原形。3.可用来构成否定句、疑问句及简明答语。ought to 是唯一一个可加 to 的情态动词 !Should 具体用法 :ought to 具体用法 :1. 表义务，
5、意为 ”应该 ”You should do what your parents tell you. He shouldn t stay up so late.2. 表温和的建议或指正This name is wrong; it should be spelled Symthe, not Smith.3. 表期待，意为 ”可能 ”She should be here in a minute.4. 可用于完成时 ,完成时表示过去应该做而未做的事情At the age of thirty-five I should have understood.5. 用于第一人称疑问句询问对方意愿, 但与其较委婉
6、温和Should I open the window? 6.表惊讶等感情I m surprised that he should say so.How should I know?7.表委婉语气 , 常与 say, think等动词连用I should say he is over thirty. I should think it is a good film.三、 should 和 ought to +have done1. ( 表示义务、责任等 ) 应当, 应该You ought to work harder than that.2. ( 表示劝告、建议等 ) 应该You dont lo
7、ok well. You ought to go to see the do ctor.3. ( 表示猜测、期望 ) 总应该，理应It ought to be a fine day tomorrow morning.4. “ ought to + have +过去分词”表示过去应做某事而实际未做You ought to have told me that (but you didnt).这时 ought to 和 should 可以互换使用。（一） should/ought to + have done意为本来应做但实际没有做，表达遗憾的感情色彩。例如： There was a lot of
8、fun at yesterdays party. Youought to have come , but why didnt you?（二） shouldn t / oughtnt to have don，e 意为本来不应做但实际已做，表达遗憾的感情色彩。例如： I was really anxious about you. You s houldnt have left homewithout a word.四、 should 和 ought to +be doing，表示 “应该在（立即） ” 例如： You oughtn t to be talking so much.你不应当说这么多话
9、。They felt they ought to be doing something.他们感到他们应该做点什么事。五、 had better表示 最好 had better作为情态动词，它只有一种形式，它后面要跟动词原形。陈述句肯定形式： had better do sthYou had better go there at once. 你最好立即去那里。否定形式： had better not do sthYou had better not start at this time.此时你最好别出发。一般疑问句：Had he better start early at once? 他最好立即
10、出发吗？Yes ,he had./ No, he hadn t.反义疑问句：You had better not go home, had you?你最好别回家，是吗？had better可用于的时态1.had better用于指现在。如：She had better water the flowers as soon as possible， hadn t sh？e她最好尽快给花浇水，不是吗？Now you had better listen to the radio. 你现在最好听收音机。You had better be quiet. 你最好安静一些。2.had better用于指将来。
11、如：You had better start tomorrow. 你最好明天动身。We had better buy the more expensive one. It will last much longer and so it will be cheaper in the end.我们最好还是买贵些的,它更经久耐用，所以到头来，它还是更便宜些。3.had better用于进行式，表示讲话人提出建议时，动作正在进行。如：We had better be watching the TV play. 我们最好现在就看到电视剧。We had better be starting back no
12、w. 我们最好现在就动身回去。4.had better + have + V-ed可表示 本该做而没有做的事 。如：You had better have done it . 如果你把那件事办妥就好了。(但实际上你没有那样做)You had better have stayed with us . 要是当时你和我们呆在一起多好啊。(实际上没有 )注意点：一、 had better后面必须跟动词原形；二、主语不论是第几人称，句子不论是什么时态，都要用had better的形式； 三、在祈使句中， had 有时可以省略；Better not do it . 最好别做那事。Better not wa
13、it for them. 最好不要等他们。四、 had better的被动式；You had better do it.-It had better be done.You had better have done it.-It had better have been done.五、had better在表示对别人劝告、 建议时， 不宜用于与陌生人、 长辈及上级的交谈中。对长辈说话时，最好不用 had better 。比较有礼貌的说法是：It might be better for you.； It would be better for you.。It might be better fo
14、r you to help me ， Grandpa.爷爷，您最好能帮我一下。一、用 should, shouldnt, ought, oughtn情态动词专项练习题填空：t1. I m getting fat. Ito eat too much.2. Mary is not feeling well. Shestay at home.3. Heto be here, oughtn t he?4. Childrenplay football in the street.5. Theyto let their dogs run on the road.6. She s always short of money. Shespend too much.7. Mike has a weak body, so heto do more exercise.8. Hopeful gets low marks at school. Hework harder.9. May go swimming this afternoon?No, she. Shedo her homework at home.10. we to buy some batteries?Yes, we. There re no batteries left.11. You should drin
