大学英语四级讲座 CET 4 写作部分----论说文主讲 蔡红旭文章框架：Introduction「 Topic sentenceMain Body ∣Supporting sentences （一二三原则）∟ ExamplesConclusionv文章结构：总、分、总材料的组织方法v 题题型 文章线线索 组组材方法 现现象解释释 现现象存在的合理 性 描述现现象—阐阐述 原因—表明观观点问题问题 解决 兼顾问题顾问题 涉及的 各方面，圆满圆满 解 决问题问题 提出问题问题 — 分析 问题问题 — 解决问问 题题 对对比选择选择 权权衡两种不同方 法或观观点的利弊 1）分析观观点一的利弊 — 观观点二的利弊— 做 出最佳选择选择 2）两观观点各自的优优点 — 各自的不足—做出选选 择择 观观点论证论证 证证明观观点的正确 性表明观观点— 论论 证观证观 点— 得出 结论结论 四级作文段落 题题型 第一段 第二段 第三段 现现象解释释 描述现现象 说说明现现象产产 生的原因表明个人的观观 点态态度或阐阐述 个人的做法 问题问题 解决 指出问题问题 分析问题问题 ， 给给出解决方 案 表明个人的 观观点态态度或 阐阐述个人的 做法 对对比选择选择 表明一方或 双方的观观点 表明另一方的观观点 及理由/指出双方观观点的不足及理由 表明个人的观观 点或阐阐述个人 的做法 观观点论证论证 提出论论点例证论证论 点 得出结论结论 /表明 个人看法/做法 现象阐释型 题目多是社会问题 提出：现象（What) 要求：分析 (Why) 结论：解决 (How)v第一段 1）引话题 2）承上启下v第二段 1）主题句 2）原因+举例v第三段 总结v（2003.1）It Pays to Be Honest v1. 当前社会上存在许 多 不诚实的现象 2. 诚实利人利已，做人 应该诚实v第一段 陈述现象（不诚实）+举例v第二段 分析现象 1）不诚实的坏处 2）诚实的好处 3）小结句(诚实有回 报)v第三段 1）总结（做人应该诚实）vAlthough honesty is believed to be a virtue, there are still dishonest people in our society. For example, some businessmen sell fake products to their consumers; some students cheat in the exams. vDishonest people are short- sighted. Those who sell fake products may make money at the beginning, but customers won't buy their products any more. As a result, they will lose their fortune or even be sent to prison.vBy contrast, honest people gain a lot. Those who always tell the truth or keep promise not only make others trust them but gain respect from other people as well. Since they are trustable and respectable, everyone would be eager to make friends with them, so they are sure to have a lot of friends. Besides, it is easier for a person with a good record to get a good jobvGenerally speaking, every employer wants his employees to be honest. So we can say that anyone who is honest would be paid back later. In a word, honesty wins trust, respect and honor. Therefore it is important that we should be honest .v写作模板：vAvNowadays __________ is a common phenomenon in society. For example,_________. ________ do more (good) than (harm) to us. vFor one thing, ___________________ . For another, ___________________ . vIn summary, / In a word, it is more valuable ________________ . vBvRecently ______________ has aroused public concern. It has both ___________ and ____________._______ do more (good) than (harm) to us. vOn the one hand,_______________ . vOn the other hand, ______________ . vFrom what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that _________________ .现象解释十二句作文模板一v1.Recently,____________. 描述现象，引出话题。
v2.What amaze us most is___________. 表现较典型的一 个方面v3.It is true that _____________. 对现象做出评论v4.There are many reasons is __________. 承上启下， 解释这一现象的原因v5.The main reason is ____________. 说明原因一v6.What is more,_____________. 原因二v7.Thirdly ,___________. 原因三v8.As a result ________________. 讲述导致的结果v9.Considering all these ,___________. 作者的态度v10.For one thing ,________________. 观点一v11.For another ,____________. 观点二v12.In conclusion ,________. 总结全文现象解释十二句作文模板二1.As is known to all,____________. 摆明现象2.__________seems to get accustomed to __________. 讲明事实，空格内填入people等3.In fact ,_______________. 说明发生的实质变化4.The reasons of ________lie in several aspects. 引起下 文，讲明原因5.Firstly ,____________. 原因一6.Secondly,___________. 原因二7.Thirdly ,_________. 原因三8.Finally ,_________ . 原因四9.As a matter of fact ,_________. 说明作者的观点10.On the one hand , _________. 支持着一观点的理由一11.On the other hand ,___________. 支持理由二12.Therefore ,__________. 得出结论现象解释十二句作文模板三1.Nowadays ,_________. 说明现象 2.For one thing ,__________. 支持这一道理的一个方面 3.For another ,____________. 另一方面 4.It is obvious ____________. 说明现象具有典型的一方面 5.Many remarkable factor contribute to___________. 表 明原因，引起下文 6.First of the all ,___________. 产生这一现象的原因 7.In addition ,__________. 原因二 8.Thirdly ,_______________. 原因三 9.As to me ,_______________. 作者的观点 10.as we know ,___________, 支持这一观点的理由一 11.Besides ,_________________. 支持这一观点理由二 12.In a word ,________________. 结论。
vUseful sentences:vNever in history has the issue of ……been more visible than ……vNowhere in the world has the problem of ……been as evident as……vNow there is a growing awareness / recognition of the necessity of ……vNow, people in growing number are beginning / coming to realize that ……vRecently the problem / issue / question of ……has been brought to public attentionvRecently the problem / issue / question of ……has caused/ aroused worldwide concernv……has become a hot topic, and heated debates are right on their way.v演练题目v Restore Our Traditional Festivalsv现在有很多年轻人更喜欢过西方节日v这种现象的原因是……v我们对待西方节日的态度是……vFast Foodv1. 快餐在中国十分流行，它是现代快节奏社会的最佳反映 。
v2. a. 快餐受欢迎有两条原因 v b. 然而，从营养角度来讲，快餐却差强人意 v3. 对快餐还是以偶尔品尝为宜vOnline Educationv1.目前网络教育形成热潮v2.我认为这股热潮的的原因是……v3.我对网络教育的评价问题对策型v题目社会问题或大学生面临的实际问 题v(1). 阐述问题/提出问题v(2). 问题形成的原因/解决问题的办法v(3). 我的看法/做法v（1997.6）Getting to Know the world Outside the Campusv1.大学生了解社会的必要性 v2.了解社会的途径（大众媒介，社 会服务等） v3.我打算怎么做v第一段 1)引出话题（必要性） 。