牛津译林版英语八年级上册Unit 2 同步语法讲解和练习 Unit 2数量的比较和副词比较级、最高级 一. 语法讲解 1.比较事物的数量 a.我们用more…than, less…than, fewer…than来比较两种事物之间的数量关系 其中more…than之间加可数名词的复数或不可数名词. eg: Tony has more friends than Jim.；less…than之间加不可数名词. eg: He eats less food than I for breakfast.；fewer…than之间加可数名词的复数形式eg: Simon has fewer oranges than Nancy. b.我们用the most…, the least…, the fewest…来比较三者或三者以上事物之间的数量关系 其中most, fewest, least分别是many/much, few, little的最高级。
the most…表示“最….; 最多”，后既接可数名词又可接不可数名词. eg: Lily has the most points of the three girls.；the fewest表示“最少”，后接可数名词的复数形式.eg: Who picked the fewest apples today?the least表示“最少”，后接不可数名词eg: He has the least water. 2.副词的含义 副词用来说明动作或状态的特征，在句中可以修饰动词、形容词或副词的一类词 eg: run fast结构为副词fast修饰动词run; very good结构为副词very修饰形容词good so quickly结构为副词so修饰副词quickly. 注意：形容词在句中常修饰名词，并放在名词前 3.构词法 a.形容词变副词：(1).多数形容词词尾加ly. eg: quiet---quietly (2).以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词，变y为i加ly. eg: easy---easily (3).少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加ly. eg: true---truly. 但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍要直接加ly. eg: polite---politely 注意：有些词既可以做形容词，也可以做副词：far; fast; hard; high; late; well等 总之：形容词变副词通常加ly.请记住口诀：元e去e加，辅y改i加，le结尾e改y b.名词变形容词：(1).名词后加y. eg: health---healthy (2).名词后加ly. eg: friend---friendly (3).方位词后加ern eg: east---eastern; south---southern 4.副词的比较级、最高级变化规律 a.单音节副词后，直接加er或est. eg: high---higher---highest b.以不发音的字母e结尾的副词，在词尾加r或st. eg: late---later---latest c.以辅音字母加y结尾的副词，要变y为i加er或est. eg: early---earlier---earlier d.多音节或部分双音节词，在词前加more或most. eg: carefully---more carefully---most carefully e.不规则变化well—better--best; badly—worse--worst; far—farther—farthest 二. 专项练习 Ⅰ. 写出下列词的比较级和最高级(20*1’=20’) 1. far_____________ _____________ 2. slowly____________ ____________ 3. badly___________ ______________ 4. well____________ _____________ 5. hard ___________ ______________ 6. quickly __________ ___________ 7. much___________ ______________ 8. little ____________ ____________ 9. high____________ ____________ 10. often __________ _____________ Ⅱ. 用所给单词的正确形式填空。
10*2’ =20’） 1. Linda has ___________(few) pens than Simon. 2. Lucy has ___________(little) rice than Lily. 3. He has _____________(many) pens in our class. 4. Kate has _____________(much) milk among her friends. Unit 2数量的比较和副词比较级、最高级 一. 语法讲解 1.比较事物的数量 a.我们用more…than, less…than, fewer…than来比较两种事物之间的数量关系 其中more…than之间加可数名词的复数或不可数名词. eg: Tony has more friends than Jim.；less…than之间加不可数名词. eg: He eats less food than I for breakfast.；fewer…than之间加可数名词的复数形式eg: Simon has fewer oranges than Nancy. b.我们用the most…, the least…, the fewest…来比较三者或三者以上事物之间的数量关系。
其中most, fewest, least分别是many/much, few, little的最高级the most…表示“最….; 最多”，后既接可数名词又可接不可数名词. eg: Lily has the most points of the three girls.；the fewest表示“最少”，后接可数名词的复数形式.eg: Who picked the fewest apples today?the least表示“最少”，后接不可数名词eg: He has the least water. 2.副词的含义 副词用来说明动作或状态的特征，在句中可以修饰动词、形容词或副词的一类词 eg: run fast结构为副词fast修饰动词run; very good结构为副词very修饰形容词good so quickly结构为副词so修饰副词quickly. 注意：形容词在句中常修饰名词，并放在名词前 3.构词法 a.形容词变副词：(1).多数形容词词尾加ly. eg: quiet---quietly (2).以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词，变y为i加ly. eg: easy---easily (3).少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加ly. eg: true---truly. 但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍要直接加ly. eg: polite---politely 注意：有些词既可以做形容词，也可以做副词：far; fast; hard; high; late; well等 总之：形容词变副词通常加ly.请记住口诀：元e去e加，辅y改i加，le结尾e改y b.名词变形容词：(1).名词后加y. eg: health---healthy (2).名词后加ly. eg: friend---friendly (3).方位词后加ern eg: east---eastern; south---southern 4.副词的比较级、最高级变化规律 a.单音节副词后，直接加er或est. eg: high---higher---highest b.以不发音的字母e结尾的副词，在词尾加r或st. eg: late---later---latest c.以辅音字母加y结尾的副词，要变y为i加er或est. eg: early---earlier---earlier d.多音节或部分双音节词，在词前加more或most. eg: carefully---more carefully---most carefully e.不规则变化well—better--best; badly—worse--worst; far—farther—farthest 二. 专项练习 Ⅰ. 写出下列词的比较级和最高级(20*1’=20’) 1. far_____________ _____________ 2. slowly____________ ____________ 3. badly___________ ______________ 4. well____________ _____________ 5. hard ___________ ______________ 6. quickly __________ ___________ 7. much___________ ______________ 8. little ____________ ____________ 9. high____________ ____________ 10. often __________ _____________ Ⅱ. 用所给单词的正确形式填空。
10*2’ =20’） 1. Linda has ___________(few) pens than Simon. 2. Lucy has ___________(little) rice than Lily. 3. He has _____________(many) pens in our class. 4. Kate has _____________(much) milk among her friends. 。