1 法律英语词汇一、有关机构的词汇司法部门，司法的 judiciary 法院 court 基层人民法院 Basic People's Court 中级人民法院 Intermediate People's Court 高级人民法院 High People's Court 最高人民法院 Supreme People's Court 专门人民法院 special people's court 军事法院 military court 海事法院 maritime court 铁路运输法院 railway transport court 审委会 judicial committee 合议庭 collegial panel 侦查机关 public security inspectorate 检察机关 procuratorate 公诉机关 public prosecution organ 公安局 public security bureau 派出所 public security station 地方人民检察院 local people's procuratorate 人民调解委员会 the people's conciliation committees 居民委员会 neighborhood committee 村民委员会 village committee 民政部门 civil affairs department 二、有关身份和称谓的词汇公民 citizen 2 法人 legal person 未成年人 minor 成年人 adult 外国人 alien 无国籍人 stateless person 无诉讼行为能力人 person with no legal capacity 监护人 guardian 个体工商户 Individual business 农村承包经营户 leaseholding farm household 个人合伙 individual partnership 法官 judge 代理审判员 acting judge 陪审员 assessor 陪审团 jury 检察官 prosecutor 代理检察员 acting prosecutor 公诉人 public prosecutor 当事人 party, litigant 法定代表人 legal representative 代理人 agent 诉讼代理人 Agents ad Litem 法定代理人 statutory agent 原告 complainant ；plaintiff；prosecutor ；accuser 共同原告 co-plaintiff 被告 defendant ；the accused 共同被告 co-defendant 上诉人 petitioner 3 被上诉人 appellee, respondent 受害者 victim 犯人 convict 惯犯 habitual offender 犯罪分子 offender 律师 lawyer attorney 公证人 public notary 监狱长 warden 证人 witness 书记员 clerk 翻译人员 interpreter 鉴定人 expert witnesse 勘验人 inspection personnel 外国企业 foreign enterprise 债权人 creditor 债务人 debtor 要约人 offeror 受要约人 offeree 作者 author 三、有关程序的词汇案件 case 办案 handle a case 诉讼 lawsuit 案由 nature of case 案件受理费 litigation fee 起诉 initiate legal proceeding，sue, file a lawsuit 4 反诉 counter-claim 公诉 public prosecution 公诉书 bill of indictment 仲裁 arbitration 合议 panel hearing 回避 withdrawal 公开审判 public trial 两审终审原则 the court of second instance being that of last instance 审判权 judicial power 住所 domicile 惯常居所地 habitual residence 财产所在地 situs 公告 public announcement 书证 documentary evidence 物证 material evidence 视听资料 audio-visual material 证人证言 testimony of witness 传闻证据 hearsay 当事人陈述 statements of the parties 鉴定结论 expert conclusion 勘验笔录 records of inspection 质证 cross-examine 上诉 appeal 提起上诉 file an appeal 申请执行 apply for execution 独立审判 independent adjudication 发回重审 remand a lawsuit for a new trial 5 维持原判 uphold verdict 发生法律效力 be legally effective 管辖权 jurisdiction 管辖权异议 objection to the jurisdiction of a court 标的物管辖权 subject matter jurisdiction 对人管辖权 in personam jurisdiction 对物管辖权 in rem jurisdiction 级别管辖 jurisdiction by forum level 专属管辖 exclusive jurisdiction 起诉阶段 the pleading stage 审理 trial 不予受理 refusal to entertain a case 驳回起诉 rejection of a complaint 中止诉讼 suspension of legal proceeding 终结诉讼 termination of legal proceeding 缺席判决 default judgment 承认、放弃、变更诉讼请求 admit, waive or modify claims 提起反诉 file a counterclaim 简易程序 summary procedure 普通程序 ordinary procedure 辩护 defense 调解 mediate reconciliation 和解 accord 庭外和解 an out-of-court settlement 胜诉 winning suit 撤销 withdraw 开庭 in session 6 法庭辩论 court debate 处罚 penalty 处以⋯的惩罚 under penalty of 从宽处理 lenient punishment；liberal punishment 从轻处罚 impose a lenient sentence；lighter punishment 从重处罚 heavier punishment；severe punishment 调查 investigation 调查取证 investigate and collect evidence 定案结论 verdict 定案理由 reason for decision 财产保全 property preservation 先予执行 advance execution 检举 accusation 鉴定 identification 结案 wind up a case, close a case, settle a lawsuit 委托代理 entrusted agency 法定代理 statutory agency 指定代理 appointed agency 公开审理 public hearing 供认 confession 共谋 collude 共同犯罪 joint offence 共同实施违法行为 jointly committed the offence 故意伤害 intentional injury 过失 negligence 过失杀人 manslaughter 合法权益 lawful benefit；lawful right 7 核实 verify 缓期执行 suspension of execution 缓刑 suspended sentence 极刑 capital punishment 加重刑罚 aggravate punishment 假释 parole 假证据 false evidence 监内执行 execution of punishment inside the prison 监狱 jail；prison 捏造 fabrication 捏造证据 fabricate evidence 伪证 perjury 搜查令 search warrant 死刑 capital punishment；death penalty 他杀 homicide 通缉令 order for arrest 窝藏罪犯 harbor a criminal 无期徒刑 life sentence；life imprisonment 宣告无罪 absolve 作案现场 scene of crime 标的 subject matter 禁令 injunction 优势证据 preponderance of evidence 表面证据 prima facie case 挑选法院 forum-shopping 四、有关法律法规的词汇8 宪法 Constitutional law 民事诉讼法 Civil Procedure Law 行政诉讼法 Administrative Procedure Law 刑事诉讼法 criminal procedure law 知识产权法 intellectual property law 国际法 international law 国际私法 international private law 法案 bill 法令 decree 法律行为 act under the law 民事法律行为 civil juristic act 法律后果 legal effect 法律依据 legal basis 法律制裁 legal sanctions 法庭传票 bench warrant 法院所在地 venue of the court 反对 objection 反对驳回 objection overruled 妨碍司法公正 interfere with the course of justice；obstruction of justice 合法的 legitimate；lawful 非法的 illegal；unlawful 不动产 realty, real property, real estate 动产 personalty, persona。