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冲刺2024年高中英语学业水平考试必备考点专题03 代词 (解析版)(新教材专用)

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专题03 代词Part Ⅰ基础知识点讲义Part Ⅱ会考真题精练Part Ⅲ最新试题测试Part Ⅰ 基础知识点讲义代词分为九类:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词大多数代词具有名词和形容词的作用1. 人称代词主要有主格和宾格之别请看下表:数、格人称单数复数 主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyour第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit2. 物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种请看下表 意义类别我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshishersoursyourstheirs3. 反身代词可见下表 人称数第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself/herself/itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves指示代词有:this, that, these, those疑问代词有:who, whom whose, what, which,还有疑问副词:when, how, where, why。

不定代词主要有:some, any, many, much, each, neither, other, another, all, both, one, none, either…1. 物主代词的用法形容词性物主代词:作定语,相当形容词,不能单独使用,后面必须加名词;名词性物主代词:不作定语,相当名词词组,可单独使用,后面不须加名词如:Here is my sister. Her name is Jenny.(形容词性物主代词)Is that coffee yours or hers? (名词性物主代词)2. 反身代词的用法teach oneself 自学 speak/say to oneself 自言自语by oneself独自地 help oneself to 随便吃……enjoy oneself 玩得开心make yourself at home 请自便3. 指示代词的用法: 主要有四个,即this, that, these 和 those1)指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式,既可作限定词又可做代词,例如: 单数           复数限定词:This girl is Mary.   Those men are my teachers.代 词:This is Mary.    Those are my teachers.♣1, 为避免重复,可用 that 和 those 代替前面提到的名词。

如:The playground of this school is bigger than that of that school.(that=the playground)My seat is next to that of the mayor. 我的座位在市长座位旁边♣2. 用来回指上文提到的事情时,可用this 或 that,但是若要指下文叙述的事情,通常要用 this .如:——She is a beautiful girl.——Who said that?I want to know this: Is she beautiful?♣3. 在打时,通常用 this 指自己,用that指对方:Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗?4. 疑问代词的用法疑问代词:who, whom, whose, which, what等用于引出特殊疑问句注意:1. what与 which的用法区别:当选择的范围较明确时,用 which;当选择的范围不明确时,用 what如:Which color do you like, red, black or white? 红色、黑色和白色,你喜欢哪种?What color is your car? 你的汽车是什么颜色的?5. 不定代词的用法1)定义:不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。

2)种类英语中不定代词有:some(something,somebody,someone,somewhere),any(anything,anybody,anyone,anywhere), no(nothing,nobody,no one),every(everything,everybody,everyone,everywhere),all,each,both,much,many,(a)little,(a) few,other(s),another,none,one,either, neither等♣1. some和 any的比较不定代词some,any都是“一些”的意思,都可和可数名词或不可数名词连用some一般用于肯定句中;any则用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句中.♣注意:在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中,通常要用 some 而不用any如:Will you lend me some money? 可以借些钱给我吗?一、 人称代词1.人称代词作主语用主格,作宾语、表语用宾格,但应注意以下四种情况:①作主语的人称代词如果孤立地使用于无谓语动词的句子中,或在这种句子中与动词不定式连用,常用宾格。

—Susan,go and join your sister cleaning the yard.—Why me?John is sitting there doing nothing.②句子中代词作宾语或宾语补足语时,与所替代的名词在人称、数、格以及意义上一般要保持前后一致The thief was thought to be he.(the thief是主格,故用he替代)They took me to be her.他们误以为我是她me是宾格,故用her替代)③作表语的人称代词一般用宾格,但在强调句型中,被强调部分代词的格不变I met her in the hospital.→It was her who I met in the hospital.④在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以如:He is taller than me(I).但在下列句中有区别:I like Jack as much as her.=I like both Jack and her.I like Jack as much as she.=I like Jack and she likes him,too.2.两个以上的人称代词并列,其次序排列原则:在并列主语中,"I"总是放在最后,排列顺序为:二 三 一(人称)。

宾格me也一样You,she and I will be in charge of the case.Mr. Zhang asked Li Hua and me to help him. 二、 物主代词1.注意名词性和形容词性物主代词各自的语法功能2.one’s own...=...of one’s own句式的转换3.某些固定结构中常用定冠词代替物主代词take sb.by the arm,be wounded in the leg三、 反身代词1.反身代词的语法功能:宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语2.反身代词和某些动词连用,构成固定短语devote oneself to致力于dress oneself自己穿衣enjoy oneself过得快活feel oneself觉得正常3.反身代词还可用于某些成语中for oneself为自己;独立地of oneself自然地;自动地by oneself独自地in oneself本身 四、 相互代词(each other,one another)相互代词无人称、数和格的区别,在句中作宾语其所有格分别为each other’s,one another’s,作定语。

一般来说,each other指两者之间,one another指三者或三者以上之间,但现在区分已不明显五、指示代词(this,that,these,those,such,same)指示代词具有形容词和代词两种词性,在句子中可以作定语、主语、宾语或表语等1.指示代词this(these)和that(those)的区别①this(these)一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物;that(those)常指时间或空间上较远的人或物This is my desk and that is yours.In those days they could not go to school.②this常指后面要讲到的事物,有启下的作用;that则指前面讲到过的事物,有承上的作用I want to tell you this:the English party will be held on Saturday afternoon.He hurt his leg yesterday. That’s why he didn’t come.③为了避免重复,常用that或those代替前面已提过的名词The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Nanjing.The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of a fox.④this在用语中用于作自我介绍,that用于询问对方;this和that可以当副词用,意思相当于副词so。

Can hard work change a person that much? Part Ⅱ 会考真题精练一、单项选择1.(2022·山西晋中·高二校考学业考试)— Mum, where is my football? Have you seen _______?— Football? Oh, it’s in my car.A.one B.them C.it D.any【答案】C【详解】考查代词词义辨析句意:——妈妈,我的足球在哪里?你看到过它吗?——足球吗?哦,它在我的车里A. one一个;B. them它们;C. it它;D. any任一分析句子可知,设空处使用代词作宾语,指代前文的football,为可数名词的单数形式,且表示同一物体,应用代词it进行指代2.(2022·内蒙古·高二统考学业考试)______ was difficult for them to take time off to celebrate the festival.A.It B.That C.This D.What【答案】A【详解】考查代词it句意:他。

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