易错点17 阅读理解主旨大意题目 录01 易错陷阱（3大陷阱）02 举一反三【易错点提醒一】标题类易混易错点【易错点提醒二】段落大意类易混易错点【易错点提醒三】文章大意类易混易错点03 易错题通关易错陷阱1：标题类易混易错点分析】标题类是对中心思想的加工和提炼，可以是单词、短语、也可以是句子她的特点是短小精悍，多为短语；涵盖性、精确性强；不能随意改变语言表达的程度和色彩如果是短语类选项，考生容易混淆重点，此时应当先划出选项的关键词此类题和文章的中心主题句有很大关系中心主题句一般出现在第一段，有时第一段也可能引出话题，此时应当重点关注第二段和最后一段，看看是否会出现首尾呼应易错陷阱2：段落大意类易混易错点分析】 每个段落都有一个中心思想，通常会在段落的第一句或最后一句体现，这就是段落主题句如果没有明显的主题句时，应当根据段落内容概括处段落大意有时考生还会找错文章对应位置，盲目选词文中相同的词句，而出现文不对题的现象易错陷阱3：文章大意类易混易错点分析】确定文章主旨的方法是：先看首尾段或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括如，议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词语，记叙文中寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词。
文中出现不同观点时，要牢记作者的观点彩色体现全文中心的此时，要注意转折词，如：but, however, yet, in spite of, on the contrary等 【易错点提醒一】 标题类易混易错点【例1】 （浙江省义乌五校2023-2024学年高三联考试题）The scientist’s job is to figure out how the world works, to “torture (拷问)” Nature to reveal her secrets, as the 17th century philosopher Francis Bacon described it. But who are these people in the lab coats (or sports jackets, or T-shirts and jeans) and how do they work? It turns out that there is a good deal of mystery surrounding the mystery-solvers.“One of the greatest mysteries is the question of what it is about human beings — brains, education, culture etc. that makes them capable of doing science at all,” said Colin Allen, a cognitive scientist at Indiana University.Two vital ingredients seem to be necessary to make a scientist: the curiosity to seek out mysteries and the creativity to solve them. “Scientists exhibit a heightened level of curiosity,” reads a 2007 report on scientific creativity. “They go further and deeper into basic questions showing a passion for knowledge for its own sake.” Max Planck, one of the fathers of quantum physics, once said, the scientist “must have a vivid and intuitive imagination, for new ideas are not generated by deduction (推论), but by an artistically creative imagination.”......ong as our best technology for seeing inside the brain requires subjects to lie nearly motionless while surrounded by a giant magnet, we’re only going to make limited pro gress on these questions,” Allen said.What is a suitable title for the text?A． Who Are The Mystery-solvers B．Scientists Are Not Born But MadeC．Great Mystery: What Makes A Scientist D．Solving Mysteries: Inside A Scientist's Mind易错分析：没有理清第一段和第二段的关系。
第一段提出疑问，引出话题，第二段提出文章的中心主题，全文围绕其展开说明答案】C【解析】 文章标题根据第二段““One of the greatest mysteries is the question of what it is about human beings—— brains, education, culture etc.—that makes them capable of doing science at all,” said Colin Allen, a cognitive scientist at Indiana University.(印第安纳大学的认知科学家Colin Allen说：“最大的谜团之一是，人类究竟是什么——大脑、教育、文化等——使他们能够从事科学研究)”结合文章主要探讨了到底是哪些因素造就了科学家C选项“伟大的奥秘:是什么造就了科学家”最符合文章标题变式1】（山东省曲阜师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年质量检测）Perhaps you think you could easily add to your happiness with more money. Strange as it may seem, if you're unsatisfied, the issue is not a lack of means to meet your desires but a lack of desires — not that you cannot satisfy your tastes but that you don't have enough tastes. Real riches consist of well-developed and hearty capacities (能力) to enjoy life. Most people are already swamped (淹没) with things. They eat, wear, go and talk too much. They live in too big a house with too many rooms, yet their house of life is a hut. Your house of life ought to be a mansion (豪宅) , a royal palace. Every new taste, every additional interest, every fresh enthusiasm adds a room. Here are several rooms your house of life should have. Art should be a desire for you to develop simply because the world is full of beautiful things. If you only understood how to enjoy them and feed your spirit on them, they would make you as happy as to find plenty of hamburgers and eggs when you're hungry. Literature, classic literature, is a beautiful, richly furnished room where you might find many an hour of rest and refreshment. To gain that love would go toward making you a rich person, for a rich person is not someone who has a library but who likes a library. Music like Mozart's and Bach's shouldn't be absent. Real riches are of the spirit. And when you've brought that spirit up to where classical music feeds it and makes you a little drunk, you have increased your thrills and bettered them. And life is a matter of thrills. Sports, without which you remain poor, mean a lot in life. No matter who you are, you would be more human, and your house of life would be better supported against the bad days, if you could, and did, played a bit. Whatever rooms you might add to your house of life, the secret of enjoying life is to keep adding.What would be the best title for the passage?A．House of Life B．Secret of WealthC．Rest and Refreshment D．Interest and Enthusiasm易错分析：第一段没有出现中心主旨句时，慌乱中无中生有，按现实生活去无中生有选择干扰项。
应当重点关注第二段，尾段和其余段落的主题句答案】A【解析】主旨大意题通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了现实生活里很多人物质上非常丰富，住豪宅，享美食但是他们精神上却是贫穷的，要想得到内心的幸福，需要了解艺术，文学，音乐等等不同的内容来丰富我们的内心世界文章中多次提到“house”，把生活比喻为“一所房子”，要想幸福，必须在这所房子里填满艺术、文学。