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1、特殊句式1、 倒装 “主语+谓语”是英语句子的最基本结构。如果把谓语放在主语之前，该句就成倒装结构。1、完全倒装：谓语动词完全放在主语之前的句子，便 (1) 在there be结构中 There stands an old tree on the top of the hill.(2) 在表示方位或时间的副词或介词短语，如：here, there, now, then ,up , down ,in, out, away, off, in the room, on the wall等置于句首，且以名词作主语的句子 Here comes the bus. Away flew the birds.O
2、ut went the children. Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。【注意】 主语是代词就不用倒装，即主谓语序不变。Away ran the thief. Away he ran. 2、部分倒装只把谓语的一部分（多为助动词或情态动词）置于主语之前的句子，叫部分倒装句。(1) 否定词（hardly, seldom, never, rarely， in no way, under no circumstances, by no means, not only，but also, not until）(2) 表示否定或者半否定意义的副词，介词短语，连词等置于句首。否定
3、副词never, nor,not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely及表否定意义的介词短语at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition等置于句首时要倒装，不在句首则用正常语序。Never have I seen such a performance.Hardly do I think possible to finish the job before dark.= I hardly think it possible to finis
4、h the job before dark.练一练1. Never in my wildest dreams _B_ these people are living in such poor conditions. A. I could imagine B. could I imagine C. I couldnt imagine D. couldnt I imagine2. Only then _D_ how much damage had been caused. A. she realized B. she had realized C. had she realized D. did
5、she realize(3) so放在句首， So + adj. /advthat，意为“如此以至于”后接表语或状语，再跟that从句，so后面的主句要倒装，而that引导的从句不倒装。So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.So easy is that a boy can learn in. 如此容易，以至一个孩子都能学会。练一练 So difficult_B_it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.
6、A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found _B_that Marci was able to set up new branches elsewhere.A. So successful her business was B. So successful was her businessC. So her business was successful D. So was her successful business（4）so +be助动词情态动词+主语，意为“也” That man is a doctor, so
7、 is his wife. He likes pop music very much, so do I . 此句型也可写成“it is the same with”，或“so it is with”。 They love having lots of friends, “it is the same with me./so it is with me.” so开始的简短反应如果是对别人说的情况加以肯定，对前面内容的肯定或附和 ，句子不可使用倒装。 试比较：A： I was afraid. A: I was afraid. B: So was I. B: So you were. neither
8、/nor + be/助动词情态动词+主语，意为“也不这样”。Ive never been abroad. Neither has she.The boy cant swim and neither / nor can the girl.此句型也可写成“it is the same with”，或“so it is with”。Lily cant ride, it is the same with Lucy/ so it is with Lucy练一练1. Its burning hot today, isnt it? Yes, _A_ yesterday.A. So was it B. So
9、it was C. So it is D. So is it2. My room gets very cold at night. _C_A. So is mine B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine does(5) only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时要倒装。Only then did I understand why she did so.Only in this way can you study English well.Only when the war was over in 1880 was he able to con
10、tinue this work.使用特点： 在部分倒装句中，如果谓语部分无助动词，则需找助动词来“帮助”它构成倒装句。Only after the war he learned the sad news. (X)_ only修饰状语从句时，从句不可倒装，主句要部分倒装。Only when he returned did we find out the truth. only修饰主语时，句子不可倒装.Only mother can understand me.e.g. _B_snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainm
11、ent when they had a picnic in the forest.A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bringC. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring对名词（或中心词是名词）感叹时，用what引导；对形容词或副词感叹时，用how引导。(6) as，though引导让步状语从句时采用形式倒装的情况表语的倒装: Young as/ though he is, he knows some of the family secrets. Strange as/thoug
12、h it seems, it is true.谓语动词的倒装 Try as I might, I couldnt lift the stone. Search as they would here and there, they could find nothing in the room.状语的倒装， Much as he likes the bike, he doesnt want to buy it. Hard as I studied, I could not catch up with them.如果是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语，不再用冠词 Child as he is, he
13、can carry the big box.Youngest as he is in our class, he speaks English best.练一练 _A_,Tom couldnt make the door open. A. Try as she might B. As she might try C. she might as try D. might she as try二、强调It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子剩余成分所强调的可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句，但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语或状语等，但不能是定语或谓语We called on
14、Prof. Wang at his office this morning. 今早我们到王教授的办公室拜访了他。- It was we who/ that called on Prof. Wang at his office this morning.-It was Prof. Wang who/ that we called on at his office this morning.(1) 这种强调句的一般疑问句只需把is ( was)提前，即：Is/Was it +被强调部分+that/who +句子剩余成分。Was it your brother who works in that company?(2) 特殊疑问句的强调句型只需在一般疑问句前加上特殊疑问词，即：特殊疑问词+ is/was + it + tha
