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1、Tenneco Automotive 8-D/2000,1,Tenneco Automotive 8-D Training 8D培训天纳克,8 DISCIPLINES TO PROBLEM SOLVING 解决问题的8项纪律,8-D 2005,Tenneco Automotive 8-D/2000,3,This course was developed by a team of Tenneco Automotive employees who have worked on problem solving efforts for the past fifteen to twenty years.
2、 This course is a summary of the problem solving process that was formerly known as PEP (People Eliminating Problems) within the ride control business unit and QUIP (Quality Improvement Process) within the exhaust business unit. Ford Motor Company is acknowledged as the developer of the “8-D” proces
3、s. ) 该课程由一个由天纳克员工组成的，在过去的15-20年内致力于解决各种问题的团队开发的，是对解决问题程序的总结。这一程序以前在减震系统业务中被称为PEP(消除问题团队), 在排气系统业务中被称为QUIP(质量改进程序)。福特公司被公认为是8-D程序的开发者。 Thanks to Kay Shreve (Monroe, MI), Michael Brown (Paragould, AR) and Eunice Spradlin (Cozad, NE) for their work on this project. 感谢 Kay Shreve (Monroe, MI), Michael B
4、rown (Paragould, AR) 和 Eunice Spradlin (Cozad, NE) 对此项目所作的工作。,Tenneco Automotive 8-D/2000,4,D-1 Form the Team 建立团队 D-2 Describe the Issue描述问题 D-3 Containment Activities临时控制措施 D-4 Find and Verify Root Cause查找并确定根本原因 D-5 Select the Best Solution选择最佳解决方案 D-6 Verification of Corrective Action纠正措施验证 D-7
5、Prevent Recurrence预防问题重复发生 D-8 Congratulate the Team祝贺团队,8 - Disciplines of Problem Solving 解决问题的8项纪律,Tenneco Automotive 8-D/2000,5,8 - Disciplines of Problem Solving 解决问题的8项纪律 D-1 Form the Team 建立团队 D-2 Describe the Issue描述问题 D-3 Containment Activities临时控制措施 D-4 Find and Verify Root Cause查找并确定根本原因
6、D-5 Select the Best Solution选择最佳解决方案 D-6 Verification of Corrective Action纠正措施验证 D-7 Prevent Recurrence预防问题重复发生 D-8 Congratulate the Team祝贺团队,Tenneco Automotive 8-D/2000,6,D-1 Form The Team建立团队,Size 规模 5 to 7 Core Members 5-7位核心成员 Support Needed 所需支持 What level of the organization 组织结构中的哪一层次 Change
7、改变 According to needs 根据需要 Roles 角色 Define roles/responsibilities 确定角色/责任 - WHERE 何处 Seen on Object 实物表示 Seen Geographically 地理表示 (Supplier/Customer/Etc) (供应商/客户/等),Tenneco Automotive 8-D/2000,7,D-1 Form The Team建立团队 CAUTIONS注意 ! ! !,Ensure cross-functional team members 确保有多个功能部门的团队成员 Include proces
8、s owners (those who do the work) 要包括过程当事人 (实际作这项工作的人员) Include champion and leader as road-block removers 要包括团队负责人和团队组长作为路障排除人,Tenneco Automotive 8-D/2000,8,8 - Disciplines of Problem Solving 解决问题的8项纪律 D-1 Form the Team 建立团队 D-2 Describe the Issue描述问题 D-3 Containment Activities临时控制措施 D-4 Find and Ve
9、rify Root Cause查找并确定根本原因 D-5 Select the Best Solution选择最佳解决方案 D-6 Verification of Corrective Action纠正措施验证 D-7 Prevent Recurrence预防问题重复发生 D-8 Congratulate the Team祝贺团队,Tenneco Automotive 8-D/2000,9,D-2 Describe the Issue 描述问题,Define the issue in terms of what is wrong with what 用“什么出现了什么问题”的方式来进行描述 W
10、HAT 什么 Object was the issue seen on 出现问题的事物 What defect was seen 出现的问题 WHERE 何处 Seen on Object 在什么东西上 Seen Geographically 在哪些地区 (Supplier, Customer, Etc.) (哪些供应商,客户,等),Tenneco Automotive 8-D/2000,10,D-2 Describe the Issue描述问题,WHEN 何时 First seen 何时首次发现 When else seen 何时重复发现 When seen in the process 何
11、时在工序/程序中发现 HOW BIG 多大 How many objects have the defect 有多少有缺陷的事物 How many defects per object 每件事物上有多少缺陷 What is the trend 趋势如何,Tenneco Automotive 8-D/2000,11,D-2 Describe the Issue描述问题,TOOLS TO USE 可用工具 Process flow diagram 工序流程图 Check sheets to collect data 用检查表来收集数据 Any data that is reporting the
12、issue 反映问题的任何数据 Customer complaints 客户抱怨 Current SPC/Data collection sheets 现有的SPC/数据收集表 PFMEA 过程FMEA Scrap/rework reports 废品/返工报表,Tenneco Automotive 8-D/2000,12,D-2 Describe the Issue描述问题,Tenneco Automotive 8-D/2000,13,D-2 Describe the Issue描述问题,Tenneco Automotive 8-D/2000,14,D-2 Describe the Issue
13、,Tenneco Automotive 8-D/2000,15,D-2 Describe the Issue,Tenneco Automotive 8-D/2000,16,D-2 Describe the Issue描述问题 CAUTIONS注意 ! ! !,State issue in quantifiable terms 用可量化的术语来描述问题 Use data to support problem statement 用数据来支持问题描述 Describe symptom / effect of the issue 描述问题的症状/影响 Avoid jumping to conclus
14、ion of cause 避免跳至总结原因,Tenneco Automotive 8-D/2000,17,8 - Disciplines of Problem Solving 解决问题的8项纪律 D-1 Form the Team 建立团队 D-2 Describe the Issue描述问题 D-3 Containment Activities临时控制措施 D-4 Find and Verify Root Cause查找并确定根本原因 D-5 Select the Best Solution选择最佳解决方案 D-6 Verification of Corrective Action纠正措施验
15、证 D-7 Prevent Recurrence预防问题重复发生 D-8 Congratulate the Team祝贺团队,Tenneco Automotive 8-D/2000,18,D-3 Containment Actions 临时控制措施,Determine if Containment is Needed 确定是否需要临时控制措施 IF YES 如果是 Define action(s)确定措施 Assign responsibility明确责任 Implement实施 Document记录存档 Monitor监督 Establish exit criteria 确定完成标准,Tenneco Automotive 8-D/2000,19,D-3 Containment Actions 临时控制措施,IF NO 如果不是 Document reasons why containment action(s) are not required 记录不需要临时控制措施的原因,Tenneco Automotive 8-D/2
