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1、lesson1：II. Vocabulary A. Choose the best word from the four choices to complete each of the following sentences. 1. There has been much opposition from some social groups, _ from the farming community. A. straightforwardly B. notably C. virtually D. exceptionally2. The _ view in Britain and other W
2、estern countries associates aging with decline, dependency, isolation, and often poverty (property). A. predominant B. credulous C. inclusive D. sustainable3. But gifts such as these cannot be awarded to everybody, either by judges or by the most _ of governments. A. tough B. demanding C. diverse D
3、.benign 4. The foreman read the _ of guilty fourteen times, one for each defendant. A. prejudice B. verification C. verdict D. punishment5. They fear it could have a(n) _ effect on global financial markets. A. sizeable B. adverse C. beneficial D. consequential6. The UN threatened to _ economic sanct
4、ions if the talks were broken off. A. engage B. pursue C. abandon D. invoke7. There are at least four crucial differences between the new _ and the old government. A. regime B. hegemony C. complex D. federation 8. These questions _ a challenge to established attitude of superiority toward the outsid
5、e world. A. evolve B. constitute C. tolerate D. aroused9. Because of this, a strong administrative _ was needed to plan the use of scarce resources, organize production and regulate distribution. A. apparatus B. constitution C. insistence D. promotion10. I learnt that there are no genuinely _ animal
6、s in this area, all the animals were brought here from other places. A. endangered B. domesticated C. indigenous D. extinctB. Choose the hest word or expression from the list given for each Honk Use each word or expression only once and make proper changes where necessary. point up by and large take
7、 in descent for good or ill leave aside crystal clear die out endanger lay . at the door of 1. The book concludes with a review of the possible impact of more intimate computers for good or ill, in various areas of human life. 2. Moreover, it had become clear from the opinion polls that the unpopula
8、rity of the new tax was being laid at the door of the government which had introduced it, rather than the local authorities who were responsible for levying and collecting it. 3. This case gave the example of breaking someones arm: that is a really serious injury, but one which is unlikely to endang
9、er the victims life. 4. Many of those who hold it live in poor areas and some are Colored, that is (=i.e./ namely), of mixed European and African descent. 5. This debate is important because it points up that the facts are not necessarily as simple and straightforward as they might at first sight se
10、em. 6. In the beginning, the meaning of life might be debated, but once past the first period, many of the conversations follow a well-worn route from one topic to the next and back again, taking in most of human life. 7. But since agriculture forms the basis of our industry, it was, by and large, a
11、lso an intensification of the crisis in the national economy in general. 8. Let us leave aside other relevant factors such education, career structure, pay and conditions of servise and concentrate on manpower management.9. It is true that the exact nature of this issue is uncertain. However, one th
12、ing is crystal clear: it will not endanger the planet and its inhabitants. 10. But if animal populations are too small, then they simply die out. II. Translation 1. For English is a killer. It is English that has killed off Cumbric, Cornish, Norn and Manx. There are still parts of these islands wher
13、e sizeable communities speak languages that were there before English. Yet English is everywhere in everyday use and understood by all or virtually all, constituting such a threat to the three remaining Celtic languages, Irish, Scottish Gaelic, and Welsh. that their long-term future must be consider
14、ed. very greatly at risk. 因为英语是个杀手。正是英语造成了康瑞克、康尼施、诺恩、曼科斯等语言的消亡。在其中一部分岛上还有相当多的人使用在英语到来之前就已存在的语言。然而，英语在日常生活中无处不在。所有的人或几乎所有的人都懂英语。英语对现存的凯尔特语爱尔兰语、苏格兰盖尔语及威尔士语的威胁是如此之大，它们的未来岌岌可危。2. He also associated such policies with a prejudice which he calls linguisticism (a condition parallel to racism and sexism). A
15、s Phillipson sees it, leading institutions and individuals within the predominantly white English-speaking world, have (by design or default) encouraged or at least toleratedand certainly have not opposedthe hegemonic spread of English, a spread which began some three centuries ago as economic and colonial expansion. 同时，他认为这些政策和他称之为语言歧视（和种族歧视、性别
