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1、四、翻译 专业句子英译汉1.A large container ship may be loaded or unloaded completely in about half a day，compared to several days for the same amount of cargo in break-bulk cargo ships，so the cargo handling cost and the idle ship time in port are reduced considerably.大型集装箱船可在半天左右时间内把货物全部装卸完，而装卸相同货物的件杂货船则需要几天时间
2、，因此装卸货的费用及泊船时间大为减少。2.With a broad interpretation all ship that are designed to handle cargo by rolling it on wheels can be considered under this heading.广义的说，凡是设计成采用轮子滚动来装卸货物的船舶都可以认为是属于滚装船的范畴。3.Because vehicles of all kinds have some empty spaceand in addition require large clearance space between a
3、djacent vehiclesthey constitute a low-density cargo capacity.因各种车辆具有一定的空间体积，另外相邻的车辆间还需要有一定的间隙，故具有较低的货物转载能力。 4.In general ，a vessel is made up of two parts，大体上，船舶由两部分组成5.This is the area between the main decks，the sides and the bottom.这是主甲板、翼板和船底围成的区域。6. The hull is divided into a number of watertigh
4、t compartments by decks and bulkheads.船体由甲板和舱壁分隔成许多水密分舱。7. All permanent housing above the main deck is known as superstructure.主甲板以上的所有永久性结构称为上层建筑。8. The decks below the main deck are known as tween deck.主甲板下面的甲板通称为二层甲板。9. Ships use either craners or derricks to lift the cargo into the hold and dis
5、charge it.船舶使用起重机或吊杆将货物吊入舱内和卸出。10.Most deck machinery is idle during much of its life and due to this intermittent duty requirement，gears and drives are normally designed to a limited rating of one half to one hour.大多数甲板机械，在其工作寿命的大部分时间是闲置不用的。因为这种间歇性的工作要求，传动齿轮及传动设备通常设计成在一种限定的额定负荷范围内半小时到一小时。11.Despite
6、 long periods of idleness，often is severe weather conditions，the machinery must operate immediately，when required.尽管甲板机械在长时间不用且经常处于恶劣天气条件下，但是它们在需要时必须能够迅速投入使用。12.It is essential that deck machinery should require minimum maintenance.甲板机械必须要有最低程度的维护保养。13.The mooring lines holding the ship to the pier
7、will maintain a constant tension even with changes is tide or ships draft，without the necessity of manually adjusting the lines.即使当船舶的吃水变化或潮水产生变化时，不需人工调节，系船的缆绳也能保持恒定的张力。14.A naval architect asked to design a ship may receiver his instructions in a form ranging form such simple requirements as “an oi
8、l tanker to carry 100 000 tons deadweight at 15 knots” top a fully detailed specification of precisely planned requirements.造船工程师应船东要求设计一条船舶，他所得到的任务书形式很不相同，简单的形式，只提出要求设计“一条具有10万吨载重量，航速为15节的油船”，复杂时可为一份包括有很多明确要求的详细说明书。15.The design must choose dimensions such that the displacement of the vessel is equ
9、al to the sum of the deadweight and the lightweight tonnages.设计师所选取的主要尺度，必须使该船的排水量正好等于载重量和空船重量之和。16.After selecting tentative values of length，breadth，draft，and displacement，the designer must achieve a weight balance.设计师在初步选定船长、船宽船深、吃水和排水量后，应使船舶获得重量平衡。17.The vessel should possess satisfactory steeri
10、ng characteristics，freedom from troublesome vibration， and should comply with the many varied requirements of international regulations.船舶应具有良好的操纵特性，避免令人厌烦的震动，同时应遵循从各种国际规则的要求。18.Possessing an attractive appearance，the ship should have the minimum net register tonnage，the factor on which harbour and
11、other dues are based.船舶除了有一个漂亮的外形以外，还应具有最小的净吨位，这是收取港口税和其他费用的一句。19.Compromise plays a considerable part in producing part in producing a satisfactory design. A naval architect must be a master of approximations.在获得一个良好的设计过程中，调和各种矛盾起很大的作用。造船工程师必须是一个善于做这种调和工作的能手。20.Once an owner has identified the need
12、 for a new ship and defined operational requirements，the next stage involves a preliminary definition of the basic characteristics of the vessel.一旦船东确定了对新船的要求并详细说明了运营要求，下一阶段则是对该船的基本特性进行初步确定。21.Based on the general description of the ship to be build，as determined by the end product of the preliminar
13、y design stage，more detailed information is required to permit bids and/or contracts to be prepared.以初步设计阶段得到的待建船舶概述为基础，加上更为详细的资料，为投标和/或签订合同做准备。22.Shipbuilding involves the purchasing of tons of raw material and many thousands of components，the manufacturing of thousands of parts from the raw materi
14、als，and the assembly of these parts and components.船舶建造包括从大量的原材料和构建的购买，以及从原材料到数以千计的零部件的生产，到最后这些部件及构件装配的整个过程。23. An important part of the construction phase is verification that the ship complies with the contractual requirements.验证在建船舶符合合同要求是建造阶段的一个重点。24.As such，it was almost exclusively dependent o
15、n the skills of the craftsmen doing the work .同样，船舶建造几乎完全取决于建造者的工艺技能和技巧。25.Nevertheless，prior to the use of iron and steel for ships，little more than a scale model or a simple drawing of a proposed ship was used to guide construction.然而，在将钢材用于船舶建造以前，只不过是用一个船舶模型或一张拟建船的简单图纸来指导整个船舶建造过程。26.This approach
16、 is based on the application of group technology to shipbuilding.这个方法是以成组建造技术在造船过程的应用为基础的。27.Due primarily to the unpredictability of the market，it is difficult to achieve a balance between introducing expensive assembly line equipment to suit one type of ship and，at the same time，maintaining the yards capability to const
