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1、 深化认知一、名词的固定搭配 1动词have, keep, take, make, get, give, put等加名词构成的短语have a good reputation有个好的名声have an idea of 了解have a sense of 有意识have a feeling of 有感觉have access to 可以获得have an advantage over 胜过，优于have the honor of (doing) sth. 很荣幸地做某事keep a balance 保持平衡take .into account 考虑take advantage of 利用，趁之机
2、make fun of 取笑，嘲弄make use of 利用make the best of 充分利用，妥善处理get/lose contact with 与取得/失去联系get relief 得到缓解give a solution 给出解决方案put .into practice 将付诸行动I have the honor of being your guide, and Id like to give you a brief introduction to our trip today.我很荣幸地成为你们的导游，首先简单地介绍一下我们今天的行程。 (2014江西高考写作)So I sug
3、gest you should keep a balance between your study and entertainment, such as sports, listening to music and so on. 因此，我建议你应该保持学习和娱乐之间的平衡，像运动、听音乐等。 (2015湖南高考写作)There are certain factors I must take into account on my new invention. 在我的新发明中我必须考虑一些特定的因素。Failure can make a positive contribution to your
4、life once you learn to make use of it.一旦学会了利用失败，那么失败就能为你的生活作出积极的贡献。2介词后加名词构成的短语at a loss 困惑；不知所措in great demand 需求量很大in quantity 大量，大批in progress 在进行中in production 在产量方面out of ones reach 某人够不到out of touch 失去联系out of sight 看不见beyond recognition 辨认不出来with joy 十分高兴 (2014湖北高考写作)Faced with so many new th
5、ings to learn, I was overcome by fear and was at a loss what to do. 面对这么多要学的新东西，我会感到恐惧，不知道该做什么。At the exciting news, we jumped and cheered with joy. 听到这个让人兴奋的消息，我们高兴得欢呼雀跃。二、名词的单复数 1单数名词变为复数名词的基本规则(1)以o结尾的名词变为复数时，常在词尾加s，但中学英语中下列名词要加es，它们是：黑人英雄在回声中吃土豆、西红柿，即Negroes, heroes, echoes, potatoes, tomatoes。但
6、下列以o结尾的名词既可以加es，也可以加s，它们是：zeros (zeroes)零，mosquitos (mosquitoes)蚊子，volcanos (volcanoes)火山。(2)以f或fe结尾的名词变为复数时，一般直接加s，但下列以f或fe结尾的名词需要把f或fe去掉，加ves，它们是：为了自己活命，小偷和他的妻子手里拿着刀子和树叶站在架子上，把狼劈成两半，即selves, lives, thieves, wives, knives, leaves, shelves, wolves, halves。但下列以f结尾的名词既可以去掉f加ves，也可以直接加s，它们是：handkerchie
7、fs (handkerchieves) 手帕，scarfs (scarves) 围巾。(3)合成名词变成复数时，通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数，如果没有主体名词，则将最后一部分变为复数。如：sonsinlaw女婿；passersby过路人；storytellers讲故事的人；breakfasts早餐；housewives 家庭主妇。2常见单复数同形的名词Chinese 中国人；Japanese 日本人；sheep 绵羊；deer鹿；series 系列；means 方式；works 工厂；fish 鱼；fruit 水果；crossroads 十字路口；horsepower 马力；jin斤等。
8、其中fish, fruit表示种类时，可加复数词尾，即fishes, fruits。三、抽象名词具体化具有某种特性、状态、情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时，可以与不定冠词连用，常考到的有：单词抽象名词意义具体化名词意义success 成功成功的人或事pleasure乐趣令人高兴的事attraction吸引有吸引力的人或事物beauty美；美丽美丽的人或事物comfort安慰；慰藉令人感到安慰的人或事物danger危险危险的人或因素delight高兴令人高兴的事 failure失败失败的人或事物surprise惊奇令人惊奇的事情 shock震惊令人震惊的事情pride骄傲令人骄傲的事情honor
9、荣幸令人荣幸的事情The World Athletics Championships held in Beijing is recognized as a great success. 人们公认在北京举行的世界田径锦标赛是一项非常成功的赛事。Its a great honor for me to be here today and share my experience of learning English with you.我很荣幸今天在这里和大家一起分享我学习英语的经验。四、名词所有格1表示有生命的名词的所有格情况构成示例 不以s结尾的名词加sMarys emailChildrens b
10、ooks 以s结尾的复数名词加the girls dormitorythe teachers readingroom 名师指津(1)若是几个人共有，或几个词作为一个单位时，在最后一个名词后加“s”；若表示各自的所属关系时，各名词的末尾都要加“s”。如：Mary and Mikes desk, Marys and Mikes mothers。(2)表示“某某的家/店铺”的名词所有格，常常省略其名词。如： at Mr Whites, at the tailors。2表示无生命的名词的所有格(1)通常用of所有格表示。While ecommerce worries some merchants, i
11、t contributes to the development of delivery industry.尽管电子商务使一些商人担忧，但它促进了快递业的发展。(2)表示时间、距离、国家、城市、机构、节日等的名词通常用s所有格表示。Beijings parks 北京的公园the factorys output 工厂的产量3双重所有格双重所有格的构成形式为：名词of名词性物主代词/名词的所有格。Belinda, who is a friend of my sisters, possesses a rare intelligence.贝琳达，我姐姐的一个朋友，拥有非凡的智慧。典题在线.单句语法填空
12、1(2015全国卷语法填空)Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings (painting)2(2014全国卷 语法填空)While there are amazing stories of instant transformation, for most of us the chan
13、ges (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.3(2014全国样卷语法填空) Oh, dear. I really must be losing my memory/mind. Now, why did I put on my coat?4(2014辽宁高考语法填空)Unbelievable！Oh ., if you dont mind, Ill stop and take a deep breath5(2013全国卷单选)India attain
14、ed 不填 independence in 1947, after a long struggle.6(2012山东高考单选)Being able to afford a drink would be a comfort in those tough times. .单句改错1(2015全国卷短文改错)The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.airsair2(2015全国卷短文改错)One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. parentparents3(2015陕西高考短文改错)Mum taught me some basic step of baking.stepsteps4(2015浙江高考短文改错)My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made of glass.sidesides5(2014全国卷短文改错)For example, we can d
