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1、Unit 4 Pygmalion Section 2 Learning about Language.单句语法填空1.（2016天津卷改编）The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, making(make) air conditioning unnecessary.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：冷风通过我们卧室的窗户吹进来，使得开空调变得没有必要。现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然地结果。2.When finished(finish)， the paper should be turned in without delay.解析：考查非
2、谓语动词。句意：一旦完成，文件应立刻上交。the paper 与finish之间是被动关系。过去分词作时间状语。3.Inspired(inspire) by what he said, the girl student decided to work harder.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在他的话的鼓励下，女学生决定更努力地学习。the girl student 与inspire之间是被动关系。过去分词作原因状语。4.He hurried to the hall, followed(follow) by two guards.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他快步走向大厅，身后跟着两个卫兵。过
3、去分词作伴随状语，表示follow与主语之间是被动关系。5.Asked /Having been asked(ask) many times, he still hasnt said a word about the matter.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然已被问了好几次，对这件事他仍只字未提。过去分词作让步状语。6.Exhausted(exhaust) by the journey, he soon fell asleep.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：由于旅途劳累，他很快就睡着了。exhaust与主语he之间是被动的关系，过去分词作原因状语。7.Having been forced(f
4、orce) to leave his job, he set up his own company.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他被迫辞职后创建了自己的公司。主语he与force是被动关系，而且强调force动作先完成，故用现在分词被动形式作状语。8.It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when questioned（question) at the meeting by my boss.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意： 说起来不好意思，当被老板询问的时候, 我撒了谎。过去分词表被动完成的动作。9.Put（put）into use in April 2
5、016, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.解析：考查非谓语动词。句子的主语the hotline与put之间是被动关系, 根据语境已经发生，故用过去分词作状语。10.Facing /Having faced（face) so much trouble,we failed to complete the task on time.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：面对这么多困难，我们没有按时完成任务。句子主语we与face之间是主谓关系，用现在分词作状语。.单句改错1.
6、for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.解析：考查非谓语动词。blame为及物动词, 与Alice是动宾（被动）关系, 这里过去分词作状语表被动、完成。2.When different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.解析：考查非谓语动词。由于句子主语we与动词compare之间为主动关系, 所以用现在分词的主动式。when c
7、omparing different cultures相当于时间状语从句when we compare different cultures。3.No matter how frequently being performed, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：无论它们(指贝多芬的作品)被演奏多少次，贝多芬的作品受到世界人民的欢迎。the works 与perform之间是被动关系。performed这里是过去分词短语作状语。No matter how frequently
8、 performed相当于No matter how frequently they are performed。4.John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work was finished, he gladly accepted it.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：约翰收到晚宴的邀请，因为他的任务完成，他就愉快地接受了。“with+宾语+宾补” 结构中, 宾补用过去分词，表示完成被动的动作。5.With so much work my mind, I almost break down.解析：考查非谓语动词。with复合结构中,
9、 此处so much work与fill之间为主谓关系, 并且强调此时状态, 故用现在分词短语作宾补。6.The flowers his friend gave him will die unless are watered every day.解析：考查非谓语动词。unless引导条件状语从句时, 主从句的主语一致, 又含有be动词时, 常把主语和be动词省略。此处应为unless （they are） watered。 7.As you know, being driven by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more
10、 green houses.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：受对于蔬菜的更大量需求的驱使, 农民们建了更多的暖棚。主语farmers 与drive之间是被动关系, 故用过去分词作原因状语。8.The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons had finished for the day.解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构判断, 此处为独立主格结构, 且功课是被完成的, 故用过去分词。9.Having beenred, the building stands out among the rest and looks ve
11、ry attractive.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：漆成红色后，这栋楼房在其他房子中显得突出，看起来非常引人注目。the building与paint之间是被动关系，现在分词完成被动式作状语。10. in deep thought，he didnt notice us entering the room.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：由于沉溺于思考之中，所以他没有注意到我们进入房间。absorb的过去分词，作状语时不表示被动而表示状态。.阅读理解The career of Henrik Ibsen was directly influenced by his childhood.In lat
12、er years, the great playwright remembered only a cruel, angry father, forced by business defeats to move the family to an old farm outside Skien, Norway, Ibsens mother, no longer welcomed in the homes of her wealthy friends, started to suffer from depression.At sixteen, the young Ibsen left home, wo
13、rking as an apprentice(学徒) in Grimstad.Failure, for Ibsen, became a way of life.Catalina, his first literary attempt, was impossible to sell.The privately printed book was eventually sold as packing paper to a grocer.Ibsen sought admission to the university in Oslo but failed the entrance examinatio
14、ns.He tried a career as a journalist, without success.As a stage manager, first in Bergen, then in Oslo, he did better, but lost the latter job when the theater closed down.The experience was not altogether wasted.At Bergen, Ibsens agreement required him to provide one new play each year, and althou
15、gh none of the five he produced was well received, the requirement forced him to learn the techniques of his trade.In 1864, Ibsen took his wife and baby son to Rome, Italy, where they spent five years living in poor conditions.On the edge of starvation, he wrote Brand, dealing with the subject he kn
16、ew best: failure.Six months after he sent Brand to Danish publishers, his fortunes had changed completely.The play was brought out in March, 1866, becoming an immediate success.With Brand and Peer Gynt, written in the same period, Ibsen won recognition at last.Awarded an annual fixed payment and the title of national poet by Norway, he dropped his shabb
