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1、Section Grammar 虚拟语气（1）语法图解虚拟语气(1)探究发现If you were head of the government, would you allow cloning?If we hadnt made adequate preparations, the conference wouldnt have been so wonderful.If it were to rain/should rain/rained, the crops would be saved.Had I worked hard, I would have surely succeeded.Wer
2、e she my daughter, I wouldnt allow her to study abroad.Should I have time, I would call on her.If they had started early yesterday morning, they would be here now.If we hadnt made adequate preparations, we shouldnt dare to do the experiment next week.But for your help, we couldnt have succeeded.She
3、wasnt feeling well. Otherwise she wouldnt have left the meeting so early.我的发现(1)句为if引导的非真实条件句的三种基本形式。(2)句为省略if的虚拟条件句。(3)句中，主句与从句动作所发生的时间不一致，称之为错综时间条件句。(4)句中，假设的条件不用if条件从句表示，而是通过介词短语but_for或副词otherwise等表达出来，这类句子叫“含蓄条件句”。一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法情况从句谓语动词主句谓语动词与现在事实相反一般过去时(be的过去式用were)would/should/could/might动
4、词原形与过去事实相反过去完成时would/should/could/mighthave过去分词与将来事实相反一般过去时(be的过去式用were) should动词原形were to动词原形would/should/could/might动词原形If my brother were here, everything would be all right.要是我哥哥在这儿，一切都没问题了。(与现在事实相反)If I had enough money, I would take the beautiful dress for my daughter.如果我的钱够的话，我就会为女儿买下这件漂亮的衣服。
5、(与现在事实相反)If you had got up earlier, you would have caught the train.如果你早点起床， 你就会赶上火车了。(与过去事实相反)If it should rain/were to rain/rained tomorrow, we would have to put off the sports meeting.如果明天下雨的话，我们就得推迟运动会。(与将来事实相反)即时演练1用所给词的适当形式填空If I had enough money now, I would_buy (buy) a car.If we had_driven (
6、drive) in turn, you wouldnt have got so tired.If it were_to_snow (snow) tomorrow, we would take photos.二、虚拟条件的三种特殊形式1省略if的虚拟语气虚拟条件句中若含有were, had或should，可以把if省略，把were, had或should提到句首，构成部分倒装。Were it Sunday tomorrow, we should go to the Great Wall.要是明天是星期日， 我们就能去长城了。It might have saved me some trouble
7、had I known the schedule.要是我知道安排可能会省去一些麻烦。Should it rain tomorrow, the flight might be put off.如果明天下雨，航班就有可能被推迟。名师点津若省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式，则不能用动词的缩略形式。我们可以说“Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now.”但不能说“Werent it for the expense, I would go abroad now.”。即时演练2句型转换If you had gone to the exhibit
8、ion, you would have enjoyed it.Had_you_gone to the exhibition, you would have enjoyed it.If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I would have telephoned you.Had_I_known your telephone number yesterday, I would have telephoned you.If it should rain tomorrow, the work would be postponed for so
9、me days. Should_it_rain tomorrow, the work would be postponed for some days.2错综时间条件句在虚拟语气中，条件从句中谓语可以和主句中的谓语发生时间不一致，这时从句和主句要根据各自所发生的时间选用符合具体时间的虚拟语气形式。If it had not been for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.如果不是前几天他的邀请，现在我不会在这里。(从句表示过去，主句表示现在)If I were you, I would have gone to h
10、is birthday party yesterday.如果我是你，我昨天就去参加他的生日宴会了。(从句表示现在，主句表示过去)即时演练3用所给词的适当形式填空If you had_listened (listen) to me yesterday, you wouldnt be in such trouble now.If I were (be) you, I would have planted some trees round the house.If you had_stuck (stick) your own dream before, your life would_be (be)
11、 different today.3含蓄虚拟条件句有时假设的情况不是以if条件从句表示，而是通过其他形式表现出来，这种从句被称作含蓄虚拟条件句，其主要用法如下。(1)用but for, without等介词(短语)表示条件。But for the rain, we should have had a pleasant journey.要不是下雨， 我们会有一次愉快的旅行。(2)用连词otherwise, or等暗示后文与前面的情况相反，从而引出后文的虚拟语气。It is lucky we booked a room, or we would have nowhere to stay now.真
12、幸运，我们订了一个房间，要不然，我们现在就会无处可住了。(3)虚拟条件通过but暗示出来，but前面为虚拟语气，后面为真实情况。I should have given you more help, but I was too busy.我本该多帮帮你，但我太忙了。即时演练4(1)选词填空：otherwise, orI was ill that day. Otherwise,_I would have taken part in the sports meeting.He must have been there, or he never could know the place so well
13、.(2)一句多译如果世界上没有战争，人们会生活得更幸福。If_there_were_no_war in the world, people would live a happier life.Were_there_no_war in the world, people would live a happier life.Without_war in the world, people would live a happier life.单句语法填空1(2017北京高考改编)If the new safety system had_been_put (put) to use, the accid
14、ent would never have happened.2(2017江苏高考改编)Were (be) it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.3If I were you, I wouldnt_have_missed (miss) the film last night.4If you succeeded (succeed), everything would be all right.5If she hadnt_been (not, be) ill, she
15、 might have come.6If Professor Li should have time tomorrow, we could_ask (ask) him some questions.7If you had listened to the doctor, you would_be (be) all right now.8If they were (be) here, they would help you.9If we had_started (start) earlier, we should not_have_missed (not, miss) the bus this morning.10Without water, there would be no life on the earth.完成句子1Had you been there at that time, it_would_have_been_much_better.如果你当时在那里就好多了。2If_you_had_spoken_clearly,_you woul
