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1、2015GXMOE 年级科目莞曦学习中心备课笔记姓名：梁诗睿年级：初二升初三科目：英语日期：7.12课前测试1 Hurry up!The play for ten minutes. ( C )A.has begun B.had begun C.has been on D.began2 Have you ever seen him ？ （ C ）A.ago B.two days ago C.before D.just now3 I never there before. ( B )A. have;been to B.have;been C.have;gone to D.have;gone 知识点
2、归纳 现在完成时 / 现在完成进1. 知识点概述现在完成时（Present perfect）过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果，过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。简而言之即过去发生并且已经完成且持续了一段时间的。接触一：肯定句式 现在完成时的肯定句式是“have（has）过去分词”。如： We have just finished our homework She has gone home 注意：1）该句式中的have或has是助动词，has用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用have。 2）该句式中have（has）和过去分词之间可用just插入。 3）把该句式译成汉语
3、时，往往用“已经”、“刚刚”、“过”或“了”等。 接触二：否定句式：现在完成时的否定句式是“havent（hasnt）过去分词”。如： We havent studied Unit 2 yet The train hasnt stopped yet接触三：疑问句式 现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。 Have you read this story book yet？ 特殊疑问句及反意疑问句结构如下： What have you done with my bike? You have read this story book, havent you? 注意：1）现
4、在完成时的一般疑问句往往在句末加yet。 2）把现在完成时的一般疑问句译成汉语时，往往译成“过吗？”、“已经了吗？”等。 3）其肯定回答用“Yes，have（has）”，否定回答用“No，havent（hasnt）”，有时用“No，not yet”或“No，never”。 2. 知识点过去分词（规则ed）1）Worked，visited，asked，played，stayed 2）liked lived moved3）stopped dropped robbed planned， preferred 4）carried，worried，tried，cried(详见下节课不规则动词表）3. 知识
5、点现在完成时常与一些词、词组连用 :1、ever（曾）、never（未曾）、already（已经） 、 yet（仍、还）、just （刚刚）、before（以前)2、for +一段时间 : for two days 有两天了3. in the past/last一段时间 : in the past ten years 在刚过去的十年里4. since + 过去某一个时间: since 1991 : 自从1991年到现在 一段时间 + ago since 14 years ago: 自从14年前到现在 一般过去时句子: since I was born : 自从我出生到现在already, ye
6、t, ever, never, just的用法、Already 肯定句，强调已经的意,放句中或句末. I have already finished my homework.= I have finished my homework already.、yet 否定句、问句，表示还没，没有的意思,放句末 He hasnt finished his homework yet. Has he finished his homework yet?、ever 问句，表示曾经的意思 Has John ever been to Zhuhai?、never 含否定意思的肯定句，表示从没的意思 He has n
7、ever been to China.、just 肯定句，表示刚刚的意思 I have just come back from China.练习：用already, yet, ever, never, just填空1.Have you seen the film ( yet )?2. Have you done your homework ( yet )?-Not ( yet ), I will do it after supper.3. Have you ( ever ) been to England? -no, ( never ).4. I have ( already ) finish
8、ed reading the book.5. I have ( already ) paid for the car.4. 知识点for, since及how longFor + 时间段：表示某个动作持续了多长时间Joey has been in New York for 10 years.Since + 时间点（具体时间/ ago/ 某个动作发生的时间 ）：表示某个动作是从什么时候开始的，间接地表示这个动作持续的时间Joey has been in New York since 1996.Joey has been in New York since ten years ago.Joey h
9、as been in New York since he first arrived. 两者都可以回答由How long引导的问题。How long has Joey been in New York?练习：用for, since及how long填空1. The wind has blown ( for ) 2 hours.2. The dog has stayed there ( since ) it ate its dinner.3. ( How long ) has the old man lain in bed?4. The teacher has thought about the
10、 problem ( since ) yesterday.5. The horse has run ( for ) quite a long time.6. The ducks have swum ( for ) thirty minutes.7. The poor child has worn the old clothes ( since ) 7 years old.5. 知识点have been to, have gone toHave (has) been to表示曾经到过某地（通常现在已经回来了）My mother has been to London twice. 妈妈去过两次伦敦
11、。（妈妈现在已经回来了，在家）Have (has) gone to 表示已经去了某地（通常不在说话的地方）My mother has gone to London. 妈妈去了伦敦。（妈妈现在就在伦敦，不在家）练习：1.Jenny is well-traveled. She has _been_ to Germany twice.2. Jane isnt in now. She has _gone_ to the office. Can I take a message?3.My father is a successful businessman. Hes _been_ to many cou
12、ntries.4. Its a dangerous place. Nobody has ever _been_there.5.The manager has _gone_to Beijing. He will be back tomorrow.6.The tiger of the zoo is missing. None of us knows where it has_gone_.6、知识点瞬间动词和持续性动词用于完成时的区别 延续动词表示经验、经历； 瞬间动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示段的时间状语连用。 He has completed the work.他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果)
13、Ive known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历) Julia has borrowed the book. Julia已经借了那本书。 Julia has kept the book for 3 days. Julia已借了三天这本书了。瞬间动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是他可以转换成相应的延续性动词.1.直接用延续性动词 buy have catch(get) a cold have a cold borrowkeep Come/go /becomebe put on- wear2.转换成be+名词 join the army be a soldierJoin the Party be a Party membergo to school be a s
