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1、英语中的五种基本句型,英语五种基本句型：,基本句型一: + （主谓） 基本句型二: + +（主系表） 基本句型三: + +O （主谓宾） 基本句型四: + +IO +O（主谓间宾 直宾） 基本句型五： + +O +（主谓宾宾补）,1.They work hard. 主 + 谓 2.Plants need water. 主 + 谓 + 宾 3.The flower is dead. 主 + 系 + 表 4.He gives me some seeds. 主 + 谓 + 直宾 + 间宾 5.We should keep the plants in the shade. 主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补
2、,1.She sings. 2.She sings songs. 3.She is a singer. 4.She sang him a song. 5.She asked him to sing too.,1、Toms sister,Mary,sings wery well. 2, Every morning she sings folk songs at the top of her voice near the window. 3, If she works hard, she may become a famous singer some day.,4,Every morning,sh
3、e sings countless songs to her brother,and give him no peace. 5,Sometimes,naughty Mary would ask her angry brother to sing together with her.,基本句型 一 +（主谓）,此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。 这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。,walk. look. swim. go. come. work. run, live. stay , arrive . go to , look at, li
4、sten to The sun was shining. We work. The moon rose.,We all breathe, eat, and drink. He runs in the park. They talked for half an hour. The pen writes smoothly. Birds fly. Class begins. They also play together after school.,He often runs in the morning. He often walks after supper. He always swims i
5、n summer. Flowers grow in spring. He is lying under the tree. I live far away from school. We travel by bicycle.,I get there at eight. The bus goes along Yuhua Road. The wind is blowing. The days start before 6 oclock. The bus stopped at the station. They live on the ninth floor. My eyes hurt. The s
6、tudents study hard. The sun shines in summer.,基本句型 二 + +O （主谓宾） 共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。,Who knows the answer? She smiled her thanks. He has refused to help them. He enjoys reading. They ate three apples.,He said “Good morning.“ I want to have a cup o
7、f tea. He often plays football. I have two brothers. He never rides his bicycle to school We watch television after supper,Stop talking. She likes her job. Birds are making their nests. My father read the book. They want to go. I know him very well Many people like traveling by bus.,You must listen
8、to me. Look at the blackboard. I get on the bus. He looks after his brother. They put up a new hospital.,基本句型 三（主系表） 共同的特点： 句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。,1、表示情况或状态： （1）、be, keep, seem,appear 状态 （2）、feel,smell, sound,taste look,等感官动词变化而来 （3）、keep,stay,continue,rema
9、in,go rise不及物动词变化而来。,2、表示主语变化过程：get, grow, become, turn，go, come等。 be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。,This is an English-Chinese dictionary. The dinner smells good. He fell in love. Everything looks different. He is growing tall and strong. The trouble is that they are short of money.,Our well
10、has gone dry. His face turned red. It is an apple. Im thirteen years old. They are in the park. The tall man is my father. Im poor at English.,The food tastes nicer, It gets warmer and warmer. The days are longer. He became a scientist. His face goes red.,基本句型 四 （主谓间宾 直宾） 共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。
11、这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。表示动作是“对着谁”，“为了谁”做的，往往指人。怎样才能知道动作是“为了谁”还是“对着谁”，那就要根据间接宾语是表示动作的方向还是动作的目的来定。,pass, give, offer, lend, send, sell, show,bring, hand, tell, return,write,pay,teach,promise等动词表示方向，即动作是“对着谁”，后的间接宾语前用to,构成sth + to sb. 如: lend the book to me. The old man gave the apple to the boy
12、 .,buy, build,make, do, fetch, get, play, save, cook, sing, find, 动词后的间接宾语是表示目的，即动作是“为了谁”做的，后用sth + for sb.结构。 My brother bought a dictionary for me. My mother made a cake for me.,间接宾语通常位于直接宾语之前，即：动词+间宾+直宾 He gave me an apple. She bought her daughter a new bike. He told us an old story. Lao Li cooke
13、d a nice dinner.,He gave me a pen.=He gave a pen to me. She made me a cake.=She made a cake for me. He will buy some books for me. He gave a nice present to her yesterday. Her mother bought a new watch for her last week.,但当直接宾语是人称代词，间接宾语是名词时，或两个宾语都是人称代词时，间接宾语位于直接宾语之后，这时在间接宾语前必须加to或for.如： I pass it t
14、o my mother. She threw them to me. 关键是牢记只能接to和for 的动词。,I showed him my pictures. I gave my car a wash. I told him that the bus was late. She passed him a new dress. She cooked her a delicious meal.,She brought her husband a dictionary. He bought you nothing. I showed her my pictures. I gave him a ha
15、nd. I told him how to run the machine.,基本句型 五 + +O + （主谓宾宾补） 共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意完整。,They made her happy. I saw her dance. I found the movie interesting. He left the door open. He asked me to come back. I saw them getting on the bus.,1、动词不定式作宾补时有三种情况： 1）、在ask, tell, invite, force, get, allow, help, wish, want, like, hate, prefer等动词后，应用带to的不定式。 2）、在感官动词see, hear, watch,listen to, notice, feel, look at,和使役动词have, make, let 后，不定式不带to. 3)、help 后的宾语补足语可带to 也可不带。,2、常用分词作宾补的动词有：see, watch, notice, hear, feel, make, have, get, keep, find等。 3、现分和过分作宾补时有区别： “宾语+现
