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1、BAR CHART,柱状图特点： 1. 柱状图是动态图表，切入点是描述趋势。 2. 柱状图写作注重“比较”(找出similarity)和“对比”(找出difference)。也就是说需要横向总结所有柱状图表的共性特征，也要分别描写各个柱子的个性特征。,3. 有两种写作方式： 其一是对不同时间段内的数据进行比较，适合于数据代表的物体较少且时间界限明确的情况。 另外是对单独数据的全程描述，适合于描述数据对象很多且时间划定不清晰的情况。,柱状图 Bar Chart,柱状图 写法： 把相同属性的柱子顶端连起来 （1）趋势特征：线状图 （2）数据对比：饼状图,1. more/ fewer + n. +
2、than e.g.更多的男性比女性选择了电视。 More males than females chose the TV. 2. more/ less + adj. + than e.g. 电视在男性中较在女性中更流行。 TV is more popular among males than females. 3. the most/ least + adj. e.g. 最流行的交流方式是因特网。 The most popular form of communication is the Internet. 4. (not) as many as e.g. 同样多的男性和女性选择了计算机。 A
3、s many males as females chose the computer.,对两者进行比较的词汇,副词的使用 1. 几乎一样多的小孩和成人看古代历史相关的电视节目。 Nearly as many children as adults watch TV programmes about ancient history. 2. 过去更多的人居住在乡村而不是城镇。 In the past, considerably more people lived in the countryside than towns. 3. 比男性稍微多一点的女性选择了自行车。 Slightly more wo
4、men than men voted for the bicycle.,对两者进行比较的词汇,1. whereas, but, while, although, though + 句子 2. in comparison with, compared with + n.,对两者进行对比的词汇,The graph below shows the different modes of transport used to travel to and from work in one European city in 1960, 1980 and 2000.,柱状图线状图,四线图 分类 增长的 car
5、减少的 bus 波动的 train tube,1960,1980,2000,The graph below shows the different modes of transport used to travel to and from work in one European city in 1960, 1980 and 2000.,P1,The graph below shows the different modes of transport used to travel to and from work in one European city in 1960, 1980 and 2
6、000. 题目 The bar graph shows the changing patterns in commuting by train, car, tube or bus for commuters in one European city in the years 1960, 1980 and 2000.,P2,The number of people using trains at first rose from just under 20% in 1960 to about 26% in 1980, but then fell back to about 23% in 2000.
7、,P3,Use of the tube was relatively stable, falling from around 27% of commuters in 1960 to 22% in 1980, but climbing back to reach 25% by 2000.,P4,On the other hand, the use of cars increased steadily from just over 5% in 1960 to 23% in 1980, reaching almost 40% by 2000, whereas the popularity of bu
8、ses has declined since 1960, falling from just under 35% in 1960 to 27% in 1980 and only 15% in 2000.,P5,The graph indicates the growing use of cars for commuting to work between 1960 - 2000, and the continued decline in the popularity of buses from being the most popular mode of transport in 1960 t
9、o the least popular in 2000.,Your Turn,The charts below show the number of Japanese tourists travelling abroad between 1985 and 1995 and Australian share of the Japanese tourist market.,The table below shows CO2 emissions for different forms of transport in the European Union.,The chart below shows
10、the amount of leisure time enjoyed by men and women of different employment status. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.,第一步： 分析 X 轴和Y 轴 X1 ：性别 gender X2 ：就业状态 full-time, part-time, unemployed, retired, housewives Y：休闲时间 hours of leisure time,第二步：分析图表 按 X2
11、 的就业状态进行分类：,注意“-”,按 X1 男女人群分： 男：最多 unemployed和retired人群85； 最少full-time50 女： 最多unemployed和retired 人群70； 最少full-time 37,第三步：确定框架 有两种逻辑框架，第一是按照人群分类，共是5 类人群；第二种是按照男女性别进行分类。 结合图形，很明显就可以看出，5小类可以合并成3大类，employed full-time, part-time 算作工作族；unemployed，retired 算作无工作族，housewives 算作另类工作族。,The chart shows the num
12、ber of hours enjoyed by men and women in a typical week in 1998 1999, according to gender and employment status.,开头段：,Among those employed full-time, men on average had fifty hours of leisure, whereas women had approximately thirty-seven hours. There were no figures given for male part-time workers,
13、 but female part-timers had forty hours of leisure time, only slightly more than women in full-time employment.,主体段：,In the unemployed and retired categories, leisure time showed an increase for both genders, as might have been expected. Here too, men enjoyed more leisure time over eighty hours, com
14、pared with seventy hours for women, perhaps reflecting the fact that women spend more time working in the home than men.,Lastly, housewives enjoyed approximately fifty-four hours of leisure time on average. There were no figures given for househusbands.,主体段：,Overall, the chart demonstrates that in t
15、he categories for which statistics on male leisure time were available, men enjoyed at least ten hours of extra leisure time than women.,结尾段：,多柱,The charts below show the levels of participation in education and science in developing and industrialized countries in 1980 and 1990. Write a report for
16、a university lecturer describing the information shown below.,多柱,第一步：分析 X 轴和Y 轴 X1 ：年代 1980 和1990 X2 ：国家经济状况：工业化国家和发展中国家 Y1：学校受教育年限 Y2：产出科学家和技术人员人数 Y3：研发资金,第二步：分析图表 图1：学校受教育年限 两者均升高，工业化国家比发展中国家高 图2：产出科学家和技术人员人数两者均升高，工业化国家比发展中国家高 图3：研发资金 工业化国家降低，发展中国家升高，工业化国家比发展中国家高 三幅图共同说明的趋势？ 差距越来越大！,第三步：确定框架 每个图均可以有两个逻辑发展顺序： 按照industrialized和developing来写 按照1980和1990两个年代来写,The charts below show the levels of participation in education and science in developing and industrialized countries in 1980
