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1、2019高考英语一轮复习选修83Module3知能演练(含答案)+高中作文：修得一颗柔软的心 阅读理解A(2018南高三针对性训练)The modern pizza was originally invented in Naples，Italy，but the word pizza is Greek in origin，derived from the Greek word pktos meaning solid or clotted.The ancient Greeks covered their bread with oils，herbs and cheese.The first majo
2、r innovation that led to flatbread pizza was the use of tomato as a topping.It was common for the poor of the area around Naples to add tomatoes to their yeastbased flatbread，and so the pizza began.While it is difficult to say for sure who invented the pizza，it is however believed that modern pizza
3、was first made by baker Raffaele Esposito of Naples.In fact，a popular urban legend holds that the archetypal(原型的) pizza，Pizza Margherita，was invented in 1890，when the Royal Palace of Capodimonte asked the Neapolitan pizzaiolo Raffaele Esposito to create a pizza in honor of the visiting Queen Margher
4、ita.Of the three different pizzas he created，the Queen strongly preferred a pie wrapped in the colors of the Italian flag：red(tomato)，green(basil)，and white(mozzarella)Supposedly，this kind of pizza was then named after the Queen as Pizza Margherita.Later，the dish has become popular in many parts of
5、the world：The first pizzeria，Antica Pizzeria PortAlba，was opened in 1830 in Naples.In North America，the first pizzeria was opened in 1905 by Gennaro Lombardi at 53 Spring Street in New York City.The first Pizza Hut，the chain of pizza restaurants appeared in the United States in 1958.Nowadays，many va
6、rieties of pizza exist worldwide，along with several dish variants based upon pizza.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了比萨的历史起源。1Whats mainly talked about in the text?AWays of making pizza.BThe history of pizza.CVarieties of pizza.DStories about pizza.B解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段的“The modern pizza was originally invented in Naples，Ital
7、y，but the word pizza is Greek in origin”以及文章的整体内容可知，本文主要介绍了比萨的历史起源。2What can replace the underlined word “derived” in Paragraph 1?ASeparated.BAdapted.COriginated. DTransformed.C解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段的“The modern pizza was originally invented in Naples，Italy”可知，此处说的是比萨起源于希腊单词“pktos”，故画线词意为“发源，开始”，故选C。3How wa
8、s pizza first started?AAncient Greeks covered their bread with oils，herbs and cheese.BPeople in Naples added tomatoes to their bread as a topping.CRaffaele Esposito wrapped a pie in the colors of the Italian flag.DQueen Margherita awarded her name to pizza in the Royal Palace.B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，那
9、不勒斯人先在面包上用西红柿作为配料，由此开创了比萨这种食品，故选B。4What can be learned from the text?APizza remains popular around the world.BThe first Pizza Hut was opened in Naples.CThe taste of pizza stays the same over time.DGennaro Lombardi was the first to make pizza.A解析：细节理解题。根据文中的“Later，the dish has become popular in many
10、parts of the world”和“Nowadays，many varieties of pizza exist worldwide，along with several dish variants based upon pizza.”可知，比萨现在在全世界依然很受欢迎，故选A。B(2018宁双基测试)Whenever we see a button, we want to press it because we know that something will happen.This is true in most cases, for example, on a doorbell.B
11、ut some buttons are actually fake(假的), like the “close” button on a lift.Many people are in the habit of pressing the “close” button because they dont have the patience to wait.But lifts “close” buttons are a complete trick, at least in the US.the doors will not close any faster no matter how hard y
12、ou press.It started in the 1990s when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the US., making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter safely.Only repair workers can use the buttons to speed up the door closing process if they have special ke
13、ys.But to normal lift riders, the buttons arent completely useless.According to psychologists, fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control.“A sense of control is very important.It reduces stress and increases wellbeing，” said Ellen JLanger, a psychology professo
14、r at Harvard University.Experts also added that a lot of buttons that dont do anything exist in our lives for this same purpose.For example, pedestrian crosswalk buttons dont live up to their names either.Pressing them used to help make the traffic signals change faster, but that was before computer
15、controlled traffic signals were introduced.But psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these little “white lies”， they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is considered to be worth the effort.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我们平时生活中所
16、见到的按钮可能是不起作用的。5What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo describe different fake buttons.BTo explore the functions of fake buttons.CTo analyze various habits of pushing buttons.DTo explain the disadvantages of fake buttons.B解析：写作意图题。通读整篇文章可知，作者通过举例子介绍了不同地点的虚假按钮，其目的是探求这些虚假按钮的功能。故选B。6What can we learn about the “close” but
