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1、Period Three,Grammar，Speaking & Writing,语法专题 直接引语和间接引语陈述句和疑问句,交际导航 口语积累运用,栏目索引,写作专题 建议信,学习直接引语和间接引语，我们要掌握：一个概念，两种形式，三种句型，四种变化。 一个概念：直接引述别人的原话，叫作直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话，叫作间接引语。 两种形式：直接引语前后要加引号，间接引语不用加引号。 三种句型：陈述句、疑问句和祈使句。 四种变化：人称、时态、语序和状语。,语法精析,语法专题 直接引语和间接引语陈述句和疑问句,一、陈述句 直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that引导，that在口语中
2、可以省略。 The man said，“I am very poor.” The man said (that) he was very poor.,二、疑问句 1.直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether或if引导。 He asked me，“Are you interested in English？” He asked me if/whether I was interested in English. 2.直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的疑问词who，whom，whose，how，when，why，where等引导。 “Why did she refus
3、e to go there？” the teacher asked. The teacher asked why she had refused to go there.,三、直接引语变为间接引语时的四种变化 1.直接引语变间接引语时，要注意人称的变化。对于人称的变化，可记住下面的顺口溜：“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。” (1)“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果直接引语中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，在间接引语中，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称而变化。 She said，“My brother wants to go with me.” She said her brot
4、her wanted to go with her.,(2)“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若直接引语中的主语及宾语是第二人称，或被第二人称所修饰，在间接引语中，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。 He asked Kate，“You are interested in basketball，arent you？” He asked Kate whether she was interested in basketball. (3)“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时，如果直接引语中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰，在间接引语
5、中，从句中的人称一般不需要变化。 Mr.Smith said，“Jack is a good worker.” Mr.Smith said Jack was a good worker.,2.直接引语变为间接引语时，主句的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句(即间接引语部分)的谓语动词在时态方面要做相应的变化。变化如下：,注意：直接引语变为间接引语时，从句时态不发生变化的情况： (1)主句的时态是一般现在时或一般将来时，变为间接引语时，从句时态不变。 He says，“I am very happy.” He says that he is very happy. (2)直接引语是客观真理、谚语或格言时
6、，其时态不变。 “The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth，” the teacher told me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.,(3)直接引语中有具体的过去时间状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。 Tom said，“I was born on April 21,1980.” Tom said he was born on April 21,1980. 3
7、.直接引语是一般疑问句或特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时要把疑问句的语序变为陈述句的语序。 He asked me，“Do you really understand the meaning of the sentence？” He asked me if I really understood the meaning of the sentence.,4.时间状语、地点状语、指示代词、方向性动词及情态动词的变化。,如果转述时是在原来的地方或说话的当天，就不必改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。,即时跟踪,答案,.单句语法填空,1.He said that they didnt start earl
8、y they wouldnt catch the first bus. 2.Mr.Green asked Lily she had written to her father the day before. 3.News from Beijing said that a plane from London to New York (fall) into the sea. 4.Linda said that she (go) shopping the next day. 5.He said that good medicine (taste) bitter to the mouth，but (b
9、e) good for a disease.,whether/if,had fallen,if,would go,tastes,is,.将下列直接引语变为间接引语,答案,1.Tom said to Jack，“How is your sister now？” 2.She said to me，“You havent returned my books to me.” 3.He asked Mom，“When shall I see my uncle with you？”,Tom asked Jack how his sister was then.,She told me (that) I h
10、adnt returned her books to her.,He asked Mom when he should see his uncle with her.,答案,4.She said，“Did you visit our teacher when you stayed in Shanghai，Li Ming？” 5.He said to Mr.Wang，“I came here the day before yesterday.”,She asked Li Ming if/whether he had visited their teacher when he stayed in
11、Shanghai.,He told Mr.Wang (that) he had gone there two days before.,高考链接,.填写空白处所需的内容(1个单词)或所提供单词的正确形式,1.You have to know youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.(2015湖南) 2.If you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or b
12、ranches hidden in the water.(2015浙江) 3.Some people believe has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.(2014北京),答案,where,what,whatever,4.James has just arrived，but I didnt know he (come) until yesterday.(2014重庆) 5.Experts believe people can waste less food by shopping on
13、ly when it is necessary.(2013北京) 6.“What do you want to be？” asked Mrs.Crawford.“Oh，I (be) president，” said the boy，with a smile.(2013湖南),答案,was coming,that,will be,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误),1.When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there.(2015全国，短文改错) 2.Hello，boys and girls！T
14、oday，I am going to talk about what you should do when a fire alarm go off.(2014四川，短文改错),答案,thought,goes,3.Do you want to know why we move last week？(2013浙江，短文改错) 4.He said if I decide to do something，it takes him much time to stop me. (2013大纲全国，短文改错),says,返回,答案,moved,交际导航 口语积累运用,Talk about agreeing
15、and disagreeing,1.Talk about agreeing： (1)I agree.我同意。 (2)Yes，I think so.是的，我认为是这样。 (3)So do I.我也是。 (4)Me too.我也是。 (5)Exactly.正是如此/完全正确。 (6)No problem.没问题。,(7)Sure.可以。 (8)Certainly.可以。 (9)Of course.当然。 (10)All right.好的。 (11)Youre right/correct.你是正确的。 (12)Good idea.好主意。 (13)I think thats a good idea.
16、我认为那是一个好主意。 (14)I cant agree more.我非常同意。,2.Talk about disagreeing: (1)I dont think so.我不这么认为。 (2)Neither do I.我也不(赞同)。 (3)Thats not right.那是不对的。 (4)Yes，but.是的，但是 (5)Im afraid not.恐怕不行/恐怕不是。 (6)No way.没门儿。 (7)Of course not.当然不行。 (8)Im sorry，but I dont agree.对不起，但是我不同意。 (9)I disagree.我不同意。,即时跟踪 语法填空 Tony：Friendship gi
